Who knows the Prime Minister Village in Shanxi?

Prime Minister Village in Shanxi refers to Peibai Village, Liyuan Town, wenxi county, Yuncheng City, Shanxi Province.

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In China's feudal society of more than two thousand years, there was a unique family with a wide view of the world, that is, Pei's family who was popular in Hedong. The birthplace of this clan is now Peibai Village, Liyuan Town, wenxi county.

The Origin of "Pei's Family"

Pei's family has been a noble family in Sanjin since ancient times, and it is also a noble family in the history of China. "Since the qin and han dynasties, to the six dynasties, sui and tang dynasties. Five generations later, Yu Fang still exists. In the next two thousand years, heroes, heroes and virtuous men stood shoulder to shoulder, sharing weal and woe, and there were great men in history. " The prosperity of his family figures and moral articles is unique in Chinese and foreign history.

Pei's family is a prince, with endless crowns. More than 600 official biographies and columns; No fewer than a thousand people have their names remembered by future generations; There are more than 3000 officials above grade seven. For more than two thousand years, there are 59 prime ministers, 59 generals, 14 assistant ministers, 55 ministers, 44 assistant ministers, 1 1 constant attendants,1/suggestion, 21. He also married into the royal family many times, with three queens, four princesses and two princesses, 2 1 horse.

From the Han, Wei, Southern and Northern Dynasties to the Sui, Tang and Five Dynasties, the Pei family has made outstanding contributions in politics, economy, military affairs and diplomacy in the historical process of more than 2,000 years in China. There were no fewer than dozens of famous ministers who were active in politics during the Sui and Tang Dynasties alone. Famous politicians include Pei Xiu, Pei Kai, Pei Yun, Pei Ju, He Pei, Pei Rangzhi, Pei Zheng, Pei Ji, Zhou Pei, Pei Du and Shu Fei. Military strategists include Pei Xingjian, Pei Mao, Pei Qian, Pei Shuye, Jia Pei, Pei Jun, Pei Yan, Pei Kuan, Guo Pei, Pei Wenju, Pei Jingmin and Pei Ji. Jurists have Pei Zheng; Diplomats include Pei Ju and Pei Shiqing.

Pei Zheng was a famous prime minister and jurist in Sui Dynasty. According to Sui Shu, Pei Zheng's breaking the prison won the hearts of the people. Because he dared to speak out and make suggestions, he was famous both inside and outside the imperial court. After Emperor Wendi of the Sui Dynasty succeeded to the throne, Pei Zheng and others were ordered to formulate the new law of the Sui Dynasty, the Law of Opening the Emperor. Pei Zheng adopted various criminal codes of Wei, Jin, Qi, Liang and other Southern and Northern Dynasties. He abolished the pre-existing torture such as beheading and flogging, and all the torture such as sticks, poison sticks, car spokes and ankles used in torture, and stipulated that if people have grievances, they can appeal to counties, States and provinces in turn, and those who still ignore them can directly appeal to the Ministry of Justice. The Law of Kai Huang is an epoch-making ancient criminal code, which is more enlightened than any laws and regulations of past dynasties in both content and form, and has laid a standard format for later legislation. Wang Fuzhi, a great thinker in the Ming Dynasty, spoke highly of this: "Today's law is roughly the land of Sui and Pei Zheng", which shows its far-reaching influence.

Pei, a minor official of Emperor Wendi of Sui Dynasty, has nine achievements. The official history didn't even give him a biography, but he was the first foreign minister to lead a friendly delegation to visit Japan on behalf of the country in Chinese history. In the third year of Sui Daye (607), Japan sent its envoy Sister Ono to visit Sui and arrived in Chang 'an in March of the following year. Entrusted by Emperor Yang Di, Pei led a delegation of Sui Dynasty 13 people to pay a return visit to Japan to meet the Emperor of Japan and present cultural relics and credentials. His credentials were preserved in the Japanese book "Japanese Secretary", which became a permanent historical witness and made outstanding contributions to the development of good-neighborly and friendly relations between China and Japan.

Pei Ju (547-627), a famous prime minister in the Three Kingdoms period, had jobs in the Zhou, Sui and Tang Dynasties. He is honest and honest, and his name is quite clear. Successive civil affairs assistant minister, civil history assistant minister, Zuo Cheng, Shangshu, Shangshu. When Yang Di was in Sui Dynasty, Pei Ju was appointed to Zhangye (now Gansu) to take charge of trade with western countries. In contact with businessmen from various countries, he obtained a lot of valuable information about politics, economy, culture, transportation and other countries in the Western Region, and compiled it into three volumes. The book not only introduces the national conditions of 44 countries in the western regions with a large number of words, but also draws many maps, marking three avenues from Dunhuang to the Mediterranean, among which Zhonglu and Nanlu are the famous "Silk Road" in history.

Pei Ji, the founding father of the Tang Dynasty, was far-sighted and obedient, helped Li Yuan to raise troops in Jinyang and established the Li Tang Dynasty.

Pei Yaoqing (68 1-743), the prime minister of the Tang Dynasty, devoted himself to rectifying grain transportation, ensuring the smooth waterway of the South-to-North Water Transfer Project and solving the problem of grain shortage in Tangmen for decades. This is a much-told story during the Kaiyuan period.

Pei Du, a generation of wise men, has been praised from generation to generation and is famous in history. Among the politicians in the Tang Dynasty, Pei Du's name can be compared with Wei Zhi and others in the early Tang Dynasty. He has been ambitious and upright since he was young. The greatest achievement of his life is to try his best to level the separatist forces in the buffer region again and again. Especially in the Wu Yuanji rebellion in Huaixi Fanzhen, he stood firm, turned the tide, and made outstanding achievements, which reunified the Tang Dynasty and led to the political situation of "Yuan Zhongxing". After the Huai Rebellion was pacified, Tang Xianzong named Pei Du as the national pillar and Jin Gong. Later, due to the treacherous court official's frame-up, Pei Du experienced three ups and downs, entered the phase several times and went out of the Francisco several times. Pei Du lived in the four dynasties of Li Xiangxiang, Mu Zong, Jing Zong and Wenzong. Han Yu, Liu Zongyuan, Bai Juyi and Liu Yuxi. Everyone wrote poems to praise his achievements. Some of his deeds have even been compiled into legendary novels, which are widely circulated among the people.

As a unique historical and cultural phenomenon, the prosperity and glory of the Pei family for more than two thousand years have aroused people's deep thinking.

Thinkers in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties traced back to the reasons for Pei Changsheng's prosperity and summarized them into three things, namely marriage, heredity and self-improvement. In the history of Pei's family, there are 95 people who belong to Ma, Empress, Princess, Princess and Actress respectively. The feudal nepotism formed by marriage and heredity is undoubtedly the superior condition for Pei's characters to stand out, but it is not the main reason. For tens of millions of Pei families among princes, the decisive reason is to attach importance to education, strive for self-improvement and work hard. The main characteristics of Pei Jiafeng are "emphasizing teaching and observing training, respecting literature and martial arts, having both ability and political integrity, being honest and self-disciplined". The Pei family once had a family rule that children and grandchildren were not allowed to enter the ancestral hall door, following the "jade is not cut, not abrasive; People don't teach, they don't know righteousness. "Peibai Village still retains the tradition of attaching importance to education. Almost every gatehouse has the word "plow and read", and there are no children who don't go to school below junior high school. Since the reform and opening up, more than 30 people in the village have been admitted to universities.

Peibai Village, Liyuan Town, wenxi county, 25 kilometers away from the county seat. It was officially opened to tourists at home and abroad on the third day of the third lunar month (1995) with the cultural and historical resources of the famous Pei family and a series of newly-built landscapes.

Wen Pei's family is a famous family in the history of feudal society in China. Its ancestor was Fei Zi, the ancestor of the Qin Dynasty, and Sun Feng, a branch of Fei Zi, closed the township (Fei Yi) because he thought it was a surname. During the reign of King Zhou Nuo, the sixth generation was named Xieyi Jun, but went to Yi to follow Yi and took Pei as his surname. Hou Pei's family is divided into three branches, living in Hedong, Yanjing, Xiliang and other places. However, its pedigree originated from the Pei family, so there is a saying that there is no such thing as a Pei in the world. Wenxi Pei's family flourished in Qin and Han Dynasties, from Wei and Jin Dynasties to Sui and Tang Dynasties. Five generations later, Yu Fang still exists. The prosperity of his family figures and moral articles is unique in Chinese and foreign history. According to the statistics of Pei's genealogy, Pei's family has successively produced 59 prime ministers, 59 generals, 14 assistant ministers in Chinese literature, 55 ministers, 44 assistant ministers,1/constant attendants, 10 royal advisers, and 25 festival envoys, observation envoys and observers. 89 knights, 33 Marquis, male 1 1, 18, 13. There are three queens, four princesses, two princesses, 2 1 horse, and 20 princesses are married to the royal family. It can be described as "a general knows martial arts and princes", hence the name "Prime Minister Village" in China.

Pei's people who have made achievements in the academic field are as admirable as stars. For example, Pei Xiu in the Western Jin Dynasty was the most outstanding cartographer in the history of China, and Ptolemy, a European scholar, was regarded as two bright stars in the history of the development of ancient world maps. His "six-body map", namely, ratio (proportion), accuracy (orientation), road (distance), competition (terrain), evil (angle) and circuitous (straight), is the map of later generations. Gu Pei, son of Pei Xiu, was a philosopher and thinker in the Western Jin Dynasty. At that time, under the situation of advocating "Zhuangzi and Laozi" and talking about "Hyunri", he was unique and put forward simple materialistic views such as "nothing can be born" and "being" as the basis for the existence and change of all things. Pei Songzi, a historian of the Southern Dynasties and Song Dynasty, noted the History of the Three Kingdoms. His son Pei Shang and his great-grandson Pei wrote immortal works such as Historical Records and Song Lue respectively, which are called "Three Peis of Historiography". The Map of Western Regions, written by Pei Ju in Sui Dynasty, describes in detail the political, economic, cultural, traffic and folk customs of the Western Regions 14 countries, which is of great value to the study of the social situation in northwest China during Sui and Tang Dynasties. Pei of Sui Dynasty was the first person to lead a delegation of Sui Dynasty to visit Japan in the history of China, and made important contributions to the development of Sino-Japanese diplomatic relations. There are also Pei Qi, a novelist in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, Pei Bomin, a writer in the Northern Wei Dynasty, Pei Rangyun, a poet in the Eastern Wei Dynasty, and Pei Guangting, a historian in the Tang Dynasty.

Today, Peibai Village has many historical sites such as Pei's family buildings, inscriptions and tombs. Pei Ancestral Hall, also known as Temple, was built in the third year of Zhenguan in Tang Dynasty (629). It has front hall, back hall, Zhuangyuan Square, stele gallery and so on. It was large in scale, but it was repeatedly repaired and destroyed by soldiers. The word Pei Du, neutral in word, was an important official and scholar of the Mu family and the Four Dynasties, and was named Jin Gong. Now Gong Jin Temple is being rebuilt.

Pei stele gallery, rebuilt in 1970s, has preserved dozens of ancient steles, which has high historical value and calligraphy value. Among them, Pei Hongbei is a combination of Wei and Li, and his calligraphy is steady. Engraved in the year of North Wednesday (568), it is the earliest surviving Pei family monument. The Monument to Pei Jingmin was written by Li Baiyao, a historian in the early Tang Dynasty, and Yin Lingming, a calligrapher, wrote it in regular script, which is not only close to Yan Feng, but also contains Liu Yi. It is dignified and straightforward. Pei Guangting's tombstone was written by Zhang Jiuling and Li Longji, Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty. He uses bold pens and beautiful fonts. Ping Huai Xi Bei was written by Han Yu, a famous writer in the Tang Dynasty, and was rebuilt by Qi Juanzao, the minister of military affairs in Xianfeng period of Qing Dynasty. This tablet records the achievements of Pei Du Pinghuai Xiwu Yuanji Rebellion in Tang Dynasty. It is carved from four stone heads, standing side by side, magnificent, with excellent writing and calligraphy carving, and is called the "Three Wonders Monument". In addition, there are 17 inscriptions on Pei's genealogy from Jin Dading to Qing Dynasty, which are the essence of clan relics. These inscriptions are valuable materials for studying Pei Jiashi and calligraphy art.

Pei's Tomb is located in the Phoenix Wall, five kilometers east of Pei Bai Village. There were countless tombs and stone tablets. Although most of them have been razed to the ground and destroyed, they are still impressive, and some cemeteries still have stone tablets.

In order to protect the cultural relics of the Pei family and develop the tourism industry, the wenxi county Municipal Government has decided to establish the Pei cultural tourism development zone, and to build the Pei forest of steles, the Pei Gong Jin Temple, the Pei ancestral hall, the Pei cultural city in China and other landscape, business areas and entertainment service areas. 1994 The ancient temple fair on March 3rd has been restored and many construction projects have been completed. Pei Beilin, Pei's life and achievements exhibition, the miniature landscape of Pei cultural tourist area, the giant monument of Pei's ancestor statue, Prime Minister's Terrace, Jiangjunpo and other scenic spots have begun to receive tourists.