What was the name of the place where business was done in ancient times?

Most people think that the process of a successful person is like this: own a system (factory, network, personnel, etc.)--take action--become the successful person everyone sees. In fact, the pattern of all successful people is the opposite: a strong mentality, thinking, and spiritual outlook, becoming the person of the dream - taking action - possessing a system. Do you think, which successful entrepreneur has everything before starting a business? Have experience? Have capital? Does it matter? These are all obtained through hard work and are not necessary before starting a business. If you already have them, do you still want to talk about starting a business? Therefore, personal entrepreneurship does not require funds and experience. What is important is that you choose a path that conforms to the trend of the times! This is more important than anything else! To give some examples, from 1900 to 1950, what was the main theme of the world during this period? war! Everywhere except the United States is at war, so if you want to be a soldier, you are keeping up with the theme of the times, and you may have a successful career. If you are doing business, you are courting death! Companies that started World War II were all in the United States because the United States did not fight wars. What about 1950 to 1990? What is the main theme of the times? Peace and development, economic construction is the main focus, but the result of our country is still mainly class struggle, so it is very bad. And what about the defeated countries like Japan, Italy, and Germany? The economy is booming because there is nothing else to do except develop the economy. The arms race between the United States and the Soviet Union cannot be like this for a defeated country. The United States discovered this trend early and successfully transformed. In the early 1980s, our country also started economic construction under the leadership of the great Deng Xiaoping, which saved China. Therefore, as long as you persist in being self-employed in the 1980s, you can succeed! Right? No matter what you do! Regardless of whether you have capital or experience! From 1990 to now and for a long time to come, what is the main theme of the times? Learn and innovate. As long as you follow along, you will definitely succeed! It's nonsense to open a small shop and take your time! What era are you in now? Do you think it's the 1980s? If you observe carefully, the introduction of national policies and laws will generally indicate future development. You can get a glimpse of what industries are promising! Ten Secret Secrets of Doing Business by Ancient Chinese Merchants The Chinese people have a long history of doing business, and their business culture is extensive and profound. During the long period of commercial activities, they gradually cultivated the "secret but secret" business strategies of Chinese businessmen, which are summarized as the "Ten Secrets of Doing Business." 1. Know the ground to win, and choose the ground to make money. The Art of War says: "The topography of the land is the help of soldiers. Anticipating the enemy's victory, calculating dangers, distances and dangers, this is the way of a general. He who knows this and uses war will win, but he who does not know this will win." He who fights will be defeated." It can be seen that terrain is important to combat and a general must pay attention to it. Doing business is like fighting, and shopping malls are like war. People who often do business are like generals who command thousands of troops. Wise generals often occupy favorable terrain and ultimately win the war. As a great strategist during the Spring and Autumn and Warring States periods, Fan Li was well versed in this. From a strategist's perspective, he believed that Tao Di was "the world's most accessible place to all princes" and an ideal place for trade in goods. So he chose Tao land as a marketing point. Sure enough, in nineteen years, he made three fortunes and became a wealthy businessman. From this, the reputation of "Tao Zhugong" became famous in ancient and modern times and left a mark in history. According to "Historical Records? Biography of Huo Shi", after the Qin State destroyed the Zhao State, it implemented an immigration policy. At that time, many people bribed officials and were unwilling to move and asked to stay where they were. Only the wealthy businessman Zhuo asked to move to a distant place. "Under Wenshan Mountain", he took a fancy to the fertile land, rich products, honest folk customs, residents keen on buying and selling, and easy development of commerce. A few years later, Zhuo became a world-famous rich man. This concept of "not only choosing the right time, but also choosing the right place" has been accepted by later generations of businessmen. Yangzhou, Jiangsu, "the famous capital of Huaizuo and the best place in Zhuxi", is located at the crossroads between the north and the south, with developed transportation, convenient water transportation and frequent goods exchanges. The land was fertile and rich in tea, salt, silk, and silk. Many merchants came here, and merchants from Qin and Shanxi settled and operated here. It was from here that the famous Huizhou merchants started to dominate the world. 2. Buy when times are cheap, and sell when times are expensive. Fan Li and Shang Zu Bai Gui believed that “if you buy when times are cheap, even though they are expensive, they are already cheap; if you sell when times are expensive, even though they are cheap, they are already expensive.” They emphasized that businessmen should be good at seizing business opportunities and seizing the opportunity. , buy and sell without losing any opportunity. Business profits come from the difference between buying and selling prices. Once you find that the opportunity to buy or sell has arrived, you must "follow the trend like a beast or a bird of prey" and make a prompt decision. During the reign of Marquis Wen of Wei, the Chinese people focused on farming, but Bai Gui was willing to watch changes in opportunities. When the grain harvest was good, he bought grain and sold silk paint. When silk became available, he purchased large quantities of silk and sold grain. He once said: "In business, I am as strategist as Yi Yin and Jiang Taigong, as good at judgment as Sun Bin and Wu Qi, and as good as Shang Yang in law enforcement. Some people's wisdom cannot adapt to changes, and their bravery cannot make prompt decisions. , His benevolence cannot make appropriate choices, and his stubbornness cannot adhere to principles. Therefore, I will not teach this kind of person the way of business." This passage makes him grasp the opportunity to buy cheap and sell high. "Judgment" and "Intellectual Judgment" are explained vividly. Bai Gui's business principles and experience were praised by later generations of businessmen. With his own business strategy and careful management, he made his family rich. 3. See the clues and predict the future to make money. Gou Jian, the king of Yue in the Spring and Autumn Period, was ashamed of his country's subjugation. He worked hard all day long and tried hard to govern. When he learned that the state of Wu was suffering from a severe drought, he purchased a large amount of grain from the state of Wu. In the second year, there was a severe shortage of food in the State of Wu. The people were in dire straits and the hungry people had no food to eat. There were many complaints. The State of Yue took the opportunity to raise troops and destroy the State of Wu. God will not let you down if you work hard. The King of Yue finally became a hegemon and became one of the "Five Hegemons of the Spring and Autumn Period". Here King Gou Jian of Yue is doing a big business. What he makes is not gold and silver, but a country and the hegemony that dominates the world.

It is a successful example of the application of merchant methods in politics. "Yi Jian Zhi" records that during the Song Dynasty, there was a fire in Lin'an City, which "reached the fish pond." The shop of a businessman named Pei also caught fire. However, he did not go to put out the fire. Instead, he took his silver coins and recruited manpower out of the city. Purchase construction materials such as bamboo, wood, bricks, tiles, reeds and rafters. After the fire, everything was in ruins, and building materials were in hot demand on the market. At this time, Pei's merchants took advantage of the opportunity to make a fortune, earning dozens of times the value of the shop. At the same time, they also satisfied the needs of the market and the market. the needs of the people. "You can catch a glimpse of a leopard through a tube." Keen observation and accurate judgment are the never-ending source of wealth for businessmen, and they are also one of the necessary abilities for businessmen. 4. Small profits but quick turnover, no one dares to be noble. Ji Ran, a great business theorist in the pre-Qin Dynasty, believed that "the most noble will turn against the low, and the low will turn against the noble." He advocated that "the noble is like dung, and the cheap is like pearls and jade." Sima Qian once said: "Buying three yuan when you are greedy, and five yuan when you are cheap" means that a businessman who is greedy for heavy profits can only make a profit of 30%, while a businessman who makes small profits but quick turnover can make a profit of 50%. "Yu Ion" records: There were three businessmen selling the same product in the market. One of them lowered the price and sold it to many buyers, so he made a fortune within a year. The other two refused to sell at a lower price, so they made huge profits. Far less than the former. Zhang Liang, a counselor of Liu Gang, the founder of the Han Dynasty, was a student of Huang Shigong in his early years. He sold scissors to people during the day and came back to study at night. Later, he felt that there was not enough time to study, so he divided the scissors into upper, middle and lower grades. The price of the upper grade was higher. Change, the middle price will be one penny less than the original price, and the inferior one will be two penny less than the original price. As a result, it only took half a day to sell twice as many scissors as usual, make twice as much money as before, and spend more time studying than before. Therefore, there is a folk proverb: Zhang Liang sells scissors. ——High and low are the same thing. 5. The carvings are red and green, and the customers linger. "Miscellaneous Notes of Yanjing" contains: "The stores in the capital city are plain and simple, and the carvings are red and green, and the windows are embroidered." Some store signs are hung high, and they are lit up at the door of every house at night. Colorful brocade lanterns were hung, illuminating the street like daylight. Some shops display calligraphy and paintings to promote products, as well as paintings and calligraphy by celebrities, which is arty. In this way, we can sublimate the taste of the store and increase the customer's return rate. There are also some teahouses, restaurants, and hotels that specially arrange musical instrument performances and storytelling to entertain guests. In a noodle shop in Hangzhou, the capital of the Song Dynasty, as soon as a customer entered the shop and sat down, the waiter immediately came to ask what the customer wanted, "complying with the instructions of all customers and making no mistakes." Operators deeply understand that luxurious decoration reflects the strength of a store, so the store is designed with painted columns and carved beams, which is antique and magnificent, and goes to great lengths to cater to the "elegance-seeking" desires of wealthy businessmen and ladies. consumer psychology. When it comes to service, you will be greeted with a smile when you enter the door and bid farewell with a nod when you go out. These methods of treating guests like gods, coupled with the noble and elegant decoration, make many customers "feel like sitting in the spring breeze" and "fall in love at first sight", so they linger and never tire of visiting. 6. Take righteousness as profit, pursue righteousness and avoid wealth. During the Qing Dynasty, there was a businessman named Shu Zungang, who was good at calculating and weighing. In his spare time from doing business, he likes to read the Four Books and the Five Classics and apply the principles in the books to doing business. He once said: "Money is like a spring, just like a flowing spring." He also said: "As for people, there is a way to make money. Use righteousness as a benefit and not profit as a benefit. If the country is like this, let alone wealth." Huizhou businessman Li Dahao warned his successors: "Wealth comes from the way and benefits. "Righteousness" is used to be strict with oneself, so as to "treat unjust wealth as floating clouds." Confucius said: "A gentleman loves money and gets it in a proper way." Obtaining profits through righteousness will lead to wealth and prosperity, but sacrifice righteousness to obtain profits. If "righteousness" is lost, "profit" will not be obtained. Businessmen should be warned against this. "A house that accumulates good deeds will always be blessed; a house that accumulates bad deeds will always have disaster." If an operator has long-term rationality and wisdom, he will not use bad and despicable means to make profits; he will use bad means to make profits. In any business, profits will eventually be lost. 7. A person with long sleeves is good at dancing, and a lot of money is a good businessman. "Han Feizi? Five Idiots" said: "The proverb says: 'A long-sleeved person is good at dancing, and a lot of money is a good businessman.' This saying means that having a lot of money makes it easier to work." The word "good" is emphasized here. . If funds are insufficient, you must be good at using them. The purpose of use is to make profits. Only when funds and commodities circulate continuously can profits roll in. When dealing with goods, we must be "finished", that is, the stored goods must be in good condition, and "do not keep spoiled goods that are eaten"; when handling funds, we must be "interest-free currency", which means that the currency must not be stagnant, and "the currency must be used for its purpose". "It flows like running water." When money and commodities circulate, trading becomes viable.