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Why did Xi 'an lose its status as the ancient capital of the 13th Dynasty?
City flower pomegranate flower
The climate belongs to warm temperate semi-humid monsoon climate, with moderate rainfall and four distinct seasons.
Cultural symbols: one of the four ancient capitals in the world, the ancient city wall, Shaanxi opera, three-color mutton buns in the Tang Dynasty, Banpo clan social site, Shuyuan Road, Antique Street, An incident, girlfriend magazine and Jia Pingwa International Calligraphy Annual Meeting are full of fun.
Economic symbol tourism Janssen Medicine Haixing Group is located in the western high-tech development zone.
City Positioning: science and technology of west china Innovation City, Northwest Cultural Tourism Center, and the largest city in northwest China.
Major universities xi Jiaotong University Northwest University xidian university Shaanxi Normal University Xi Conservatory of Music Xi Academy of Fine Arts
Tourist destination Ming City Wall Qin Shihuang Terracotta Warriors and Horses Qin Shihuang Mausoleum Monument Forest Big Wild Goose Pagoda Bell Tower Drum Tower Banpo Site Museum Huangdi Mausoleum Huashan Huaqing Pool
N reasons to like Xi 'an: low consumption, simple folk customs, the most complete city wall in the world, and many places of interest around it.
N reasons to hate Xi 'an: rustic, backward economy and dry air.
Heroes are still drinking in big bowls when they are old.
Try your best to shout a hero's Shaanxi opera.
I'm out of breath.
In the past, Chang 'an, with its prosperous economy and developed culture, was an oriental paradise in the eyes of Europeans at that time. At that time, Paris, London and Venice were still small cities. What once made Xi people most proud was that President Clinton chose Xi at the first stop of his visit to China in 1998, delivered an impassioned speech on the ancient bell tower of Xi 'an, and left a famous saying, "If you want to know a nation, you must first know where it comes from", which made Xi people feel Xi 'an's generosity and extraordinary again.
Excitement and excitement are short-lived, while loss and sadness are permanent. Time flies, and the years pass. With the demise of the Tang Dynasty, Xi 'an's infinite brilliance and glory also came to blowing in the wind.
Xi 'an, which is famous abroad, is always not as antique and profound as people think. Walking in the streets of Xi 'an always gives people a feeling of gray head and gray face. The whole city looks like a broken aristocrat, which makes people feel depressed. Xi 'an's problem lies in the word "too", which is too old, too long, too heavy, too deep, too rustic, too steady, too conservative and too lacking in vitality. In the tide of market economy after the reform and opening up, Xi 'an's "old cow" trudged 800 miles in Qinchuan in an "old car", and the old hero could not reproduce the heroic spirit of that year, panting.
The ancient Xi 'an, with a long history but not brilliant, is like a calendar that has already expired and turned yellow; Xi 'an's vicissitudes, a sleeping and dying old hero, reveled in the past years. Xi 'an has become a representative of backward cities in China. For Xi 'an, which has a history of more than 3,000 years, it is tantamount to irony and ridicule. Today, Xi is in the worst situation in history. As one of the "Top Ten Old Cities" in China, Xi 'an must have a great hidden pain in his heart.
Xi is the geographical center of China, a world-famous historical and cultural city, and is also known as the four ancient civilizations in the world together with Athens, Rome and Cairo. The heyday of the Han and Tang Dynasties was the starting point of the world-famous "Silk Road"; Xi 'an has a history of 3 100 years, and 13 dynasties established their capitals here, which lasted more than 1 100 years. It is the city with the most dynasties and the longest history in the history of China. Xi in the Tang Dynasty was the first metropolis with a population of over one million in the world, and was once the political, economic, cultural and diplomatic center of China. Xi, located in Guanzhong Plain, is the junction of the central and western economic zones in China, the gateway and transportation hub for the northwest provinces to the southwest, the Central Plains and East China, and the bridgehead for the current western development of China. All this is not fiction and hypothesis, but an ironclad fact. In the face of these ironclad facts, Xi 'an swallowed bitter water and was tongue-tied.
If China is a towering tree, you can see the crown in Beijing and the roots buried deep underground in Xi 'an. Some people say that security is viewed from the eternal history, Beijing from the thousand-year history, Shanghai from the hundred-year history and Shenzhen from the ten-year history. As the ancient capital of the 13th Dynasty, half of the 5,000-year civilization history of Xi and China took place here. When the people of China marched on the 50th anniversary of the founding of the People's Republic of China, nearly half of the weapons came from Shaanxi. Heroes have come out of Xi since ancient times, but the hero's Xi is a little old. The glory of the Tang Dynasty empire has long since vanished. Rigid and conservative thoughts are deeply rooted, and enterprising spirit and majestic creativity are increasingly lost. The mentality of contentment, small wealth and lack of progress has risen, spread and continued on the wall of Xi 'an ancient city.
The shadow of Xi 'an's history is too long, and Xi people will never get out. Xi people like to collect calligraphy and painting. When they see good calligraphy and painting, they will get it at any cost or even by any means. The nostalgia of Xi people is unmatched by any other city in China. After all, debauchery, singing and dancing were Chang 'an in the Tang Dynasty. Now Xi is far away from Tang poetry and closer to banknotes. Xi people should come out of the pile of old newspapers.
The ancient city wall is the best embodiment of Xi 'an people's living conditions, which is closed and conservative, and the inner spirit of Xi 'an people is the Defu Lane Bar Street and Shuyuan Road Antique Street around the south gate. These two streets are like two parallel rails and two crutches supporting Xi people. Defu Lane represents modern fashion, while Shuyuan Street represents traditional culture. For many years, these two cultures have been in harmony in Xi 'an, which is the normal state of Xi 'an, and the interpretation of Xi 'an must start from here.
Xi is the real birthplace of China culture. Zhou Li, Qin system, Confucianism and witchcraft were all born and gradually developed in An. To know and understand China, Xi 'an really cannot be bypassed. Xi 'an's history is too heavy, which is not only a "reassurance" for Xi 'an people, but also a heavy burden for Xi 'an people. In the dilemma of development and protection, Xi 'an hesitated for too long and missed many opportunities for development and breakthrough. As an ancient cultural capital, the glory of Xi belongs to the past. Now it is more like a rural city, with no mood and style. Many Xi people lament the atmosphere of Beijing, the prosperity of Shanghai, the neon of Guangzhou and the youth and fashion of Shenzhen. When they returned to Xi 'an from other places, they felt that Xi 'an was more like a county or a village. This is not only a realistic contradiction, but more importantly, it is extremely inconsistent with Xi 'an's magnificent cultural background.
Xi with a wall is called Xi. The total length of Xi 'an City Wall is 13.74 km, which is the best preserved city wall in the world at present, but great regret exists irretrievably. After liberation, in order to build Xi 'an Railway Station, Xi 'an actually cut open the city wall in the northeast corner of the ancient city, which is a huge "wound" that will never heal. In recent years, experts and scholars at home and abroad have increasingly called for the connection and repair of Xi 'an City Wall. The repair work of city wall connection was officially started on February 30th, 2003, with a total investment of/kloc-0.50 billion yuan. After the project is completed, Xi 'an City Wall will become the only ancient city wall completely surrounded in the world. This restoration project has great practical and historical significance, which is not only the restoration of city walls, but also the restoration of urban history, urban culture, urban dignity and people's awareness of protection. The fully recovered Xi 'an City, like a huge seal, is heavily covered on the center of gravity of China.
In Xi 'an, except the area around Xi 'an High-tech Development Zone, it is quite refreshing, and the old city is all gray. Xiao Yunru, a famous scholar in Xi, said that the dust on his bookshelf is as uniform as sleet all year round. Reading is like working in the field, and your hands are covered with mud. This is quite meaningful. In Xi 'an, both intellectuals and the working class are like farmers, with a strong sense of farmers. To put it mildly, they all kept their true colors as farmers. Although there are almost no aborigines living in Xi 'an today, the vitality of Xi 'an as an immigrant city has long been lost because of its long history. Before the mid-Tang Dynasty, the climate in Guanzhong area was warm and humid, and the Qinchuan mountains in 800 miles were green, which adapted to the development of agricultural social productive forces. For more than a thousand years, with the slow arrival of industrial society and the need of trade, the political, economic and cultural focus began to move eastward, Xi 'an declined, and Xi 'an and its surrounding environment gradually deteriorated. There are many cement plants and lime plants on both sides of the road from Xi 'an to Huangling. Because these plants cut mountains and take stones all the year round, the damage to the environment is shocking. In Xi 'an, kebabs and pancake stalls can be seen everywhere, and the fuel used is almost all charcoal. It takes ten tons of wood to burn one ton of charcoal, and the damage to natural forests can be imagined. Ecological destruction, soil erosion and air deterioration will greatly damage the "vitality" of the whole city. 10 years ago, standing on the bell tower, you could clearly see Nanshan in the south of Xi 'an, but now, you can't even see the towering Xi 'an TV Tower. Nowadays, the ecological destruction in the west continues under the powerless protection, and the future of Xi is worrying.
Xi 'an's literary and artistic achievements are unique in the country. In literature, there are grandfathers, such as Lu Yao, Jia Pingwa, Chen and other contemporary key writers, and Sha Yi, the "Northwest King" of poetry; In painting, there are Chang 'an painting schools represented by "Yi", "Hou Lu" and "What". There are Wu and Zhang Yimou in the film, as well as 17 publishing houses and more than 60 newspapers and magazines, which constitute the security of culture, art and humanity. In Xi 'an, the most exciting time is to occasionally hear someone yelling at the Qin opera on the ancient city wall. That kind of piercing, desolate, tragic and chilling "bottom sound" of life seems to be tearing at the long river of history, which is very touching. In singing, Henan Opera is also tough, but at least it is "sung", while Shaanxi Opera is "roared". Writer Gao Yaping also put it well: "The state of Shaanxi opera lies in roar." I can't imagine that "800 miles of Qinchuan loess flies, and 30 million people shout and sing Qinqiang opera". What a magnificent momentum and scene this is, absolutely not inferior to the World Cup.
Xi is a rough and unrestrained city, which is not only reflected in the character of Xi people, but also in Xi's diet. The first is mutton bread in soup. Before eating, foreigners were frightened by the bottomless sea bowl. There is also the "Yellow River Surface". There is a small shop selling "Yellow River Noodles" next to Beijing Sanlian Taofen Bookstore. Every time I visit a bookstore, I go there to eat noodles. The so-called "small bowl" is as big as a small basin. According to the waitress, a big bowl is equivalent to four small bowls. I think it must be the same as a pot. I don't have this appetite, but I appreciate this pride. About 1000 years ago, Li Bai and Liu Bang used that big bowl to drink and eat meat.
Shaanxi opera embodies the true character of Xi people, with hoarse voice and surging like the Yellow River. However, in the increasingly market-oriented land of northern Shaanxi, despite more than 20 years of reform, Shaanxi opera as an art has irretrievably declined, which is undoubtedly the heavy decline of xi people's "northern Shaanxi spirit." In fact, there are great risks in the reform of Shaanxi Opera. Facts have proved that the reformed Shaanxi Opera is neither fish nor fowl. As an ancient art, what we should do is to protect the true colors of Shaanxi Opera like the Terracotta Warriors. There is no need to put it on the symphony stage of western instruments. It is unthinkable to leave my mother's Shaanxi opera. Award-winning films such as Red Sorghum, Story of Autumn Chrysanthemum and Hero directed by the famous director Zhang Yimou all benefited from the nourishment of Shaanxi Opera. It is said that there are more than 65,438+000 famous and unknown rock bands in Xi 'an. Zhang Chu, Zheng Jun and Wei Xu, outstanding singers from xi 'an to the whole country, all represent the spirit of Shaanxi opera culture, and also reveal the inner spirit of Xi 'an, a quiet city. It is worth thinking that in the upsurge of western development, Xi people did not develop Shaanxi Opera as an art project, but under the excellent situation of "revitalizing the Northeast", Shenyang people will certainly continue to carry forward the "Northeast Errenzhuan" which has been deeply developed. This is the difference between Shenyang people and Shenyang people, and the difference of humanistic spirit between northeast people and northwest people has not attracted great attention.
Xi people's self-esteem is too strong, so they often show unconvinced attitude, but they often lose face more. In 2002, there was a famous fan riot in An, and the major media on the second Tianan didn't seem to publish any news. The day after the explosion of McDonald's in Xi 'an, which shocked the whole country, CCTV's Noon News took the lead in broadcasting this news. In the era of network information, these practices are of course stupid. In Xi, citizens' awareness of consciously obeying traffic rules is very poor. What are the red and green lights? Many pedestrians didn't see it, and there were people crossing the road everywhere. Xi people are reckless and aggressive, and even some intellectuals who are considered elegant have a strong sense of attack. Two men hung up their bicycles in the street, and they began to quarrel and scold, hoping that someone could help them. Suddenly, a professor-looking man came up and said, "This is not a quarrel. You should fight! " . Xi people are aggressive, but they are all good at fighting their compatriots. In August 2003, in Xi 'an, a girl who just graduated from college was cut 24 times by a strange man in the street. More than 20 citizens of Xi watched without being discouraged or helped. Xi people are aggressive. Why can't they fight criminals? Xi people can't afford to lose or win, and lack measurement and integrity. There are Xi locals competing with foreigners (especially foreigners). If they win, it's easy to say that if they lose, Xi 'an fans will lose their minds and make excessive behavior. Xi 'an was once deprived of the right to play at home by the Football Association because of the troubles of fans. It is worth mentioning that on the evening of October 29th, 2003/KLOC-0, 65438, 50,000 college students in Xi 'an were anti-Japanese for three days because of the indecent performance of four Japanese teachers and students in the School of Foreign Languages of Northwest University. Although it has a radical side, it once again shows the love of modern students for the motherland and the male and heroic side of Xi city culture.
A sound talent mechanism has always been the "bottleneck" of Xi's urban development. Let's start with the "Peacock Flying Southeast" incident in Xi 'an and walk into the ancient city gate of Xi 'an. It happened in early 2000. Wenzhou Municipal Party Committee Secretary and Zhejiang Mayor led a huge recruitment team of 500 people to Xi 'an for recruitment, and more than 200 enterprises opened their mouths to recruit more than 700 people/kloc-0. This recruitment event, instead of causing Xi 'an to suffer an unprecedented "mental earthquake", gave Xi 'an an unforgettable talent management lesson. Xi 'an seemed to wake up suddenly from a dream, and suddenly realized that Xi 'an was full of talents that made other places salivate, but these talents never attracted Xi 'an's great attention.
There are many universities and talents in Xi 'an. Xi 'an has nearly 50 universities and more than 30 domestic key scientific research institutes, which are the capital of Xi 'an's voice to the world. Coupled with a large number of private universities, Xi 'an graduates nearly 65,438+10,000 college students every year. But in 15 sub-provincial cities, Xi 'an's GNP is only over 60 billion, ranking second from the bottom. Everyone is looking for their own professional coordinates. If the talents trained in a few years are not reused and rewarded, leaving is the last inevitable choice. The most important guarantee for the western development is human resources, and the hukou problem has always been a "bottleneck" restricting the allocation of human resources in Xi. Today, many large and medium-sized cities in China have opened their accounts one after another. Xi' an is too conservative in this respect and has almost no action. I wonder how many ambitious students have left Xi because of the hukou problem.
In the Billionaire Club with the gross industrial and agricultural production value as the admission ticket, Xi 'an, the traditional "Top Ten Cities in China", was unknown on the list, and was easily left behind by some prefecture-level cities in the southeast coast, and Xi 'an became a veritable "noble" in decline. What makes China people, especially Xi people feel uneasy and puzzled is that Xi 'an, an ancient city with a long history, has now become a representative of a backward city. Xi 'an, called Chang 'an in ancient times, definitely means long-term stability. Why do we always feel the status quo of "long-term comfort"? Jia Pingwa, a famous writer, said Xi 'an was a "deserted capital", while Moro, a young writer, simply said Xi 'an was a "tomb capital". Is the "Waste Capital" and "Tomb Capital" Xi 'an today? The walls of Xi 'an are thick and complete. Is it this thick closed wall that separates Xi 'an from the Loess Plateau and keeps it out of the flood of market competition? For Shaanxi, xi 'an is the leader, with many characteristic products and few well-known products. Compared with specialties such as mutton bread in soup and cold rice noodles, brand images such as Yang Sen and 505 are so lonely. Nowadays, many middle and high-rise buildings have sprung up on the well-preserved Xi 'an city wall, which makes the bell tower, drum tower, gatehouse and Wild Goose Pagoda outside the city "dwarf". So, what does the so-called well-preserved city wall mean?
Xi has developed higher education and rich scientific and technological talents. It is the most competitive in major cutting-edge technologies, especially in national defense science and technology industries. It has created many "national firsts", and now it is building the science and technology of China West Innovation City, which will become the largest scientific research base in China. Xi 'an's comprehensive strength in science and technology ranks among the top in China, but its weak ability to transform science and technology is the weakness of Xi 'an's development. Xi 'an is a city based on agriculture, which respects agriculture and advocates farming. This is the simplicity of Xi 'an and the limitation of its development. Ah Q in Lu Xun's works likes to say, "What did we do in the past?" Today, this kind of psychology is still widespread in the cultural character of Xi people. The development of the western region is a golden opportunity for Xi 'an, but much thunder and little rain have not brought much vitality and vigor to Xi 'an, and Xi 'an seems to have lost his fighting spirit and confidence without several tossing. After the implementation of China's western development strategy, many entrepreneurs are ambitious and ready to do something big, but it always backfires. At present, the phenomenon of self-isolation of scientific research units in Xi universities is very serious, and the development of science and technology and economy is seriously unbalanced. Some economists even call this imbalance "Shaanxi phenomenon". The reason is that Xi 'an's developed high technology is not naturally derived from this backward area, but is formed by the parachuting of national political rights, which is what Mr. Ni Pengfei, a famous urban research expert, called "enclave effect". For a long time, its military industry, scientific research and universities have formed their own systems, which is the need of national politics, not the need of local economic development. The competitiveness of capital, culture, management and openness together constitute a city's investment "soft" environment, and the inefficient investment "soft" environment greatly restricts Xi's scientific and technological transformation ability.
The back of the imperial city is getting farther and farther, and the old hero Xi 'an is in tears. What makes Xi 'an feel extremely distressed is that the outside world has been complaining that Xi 'an is moving too steadily and developing too slowly. Why doesn't Xi 'an want to speed up the pace? In Xi 'an's spiritual reincarnation, thinking about tradition and modernity is always the end and starting point, which is puzzling. Han jun, general manager of Xi anxinli network system technology co., ltd, has revealed all the secrets for us. He thinks Xi 'an has not developed as a whole. There seems to be enough steam in the pressure cooker, and it seems that life is very enthusiastic inside, but the lid has never been opened. Maybe when the lid is opened, Xi 'an's ability will suddenly rise. Han Jun also believes that the opening of the cover depends on the joint efforts of local companies and foreign companies. Once Xi 'an's market power makes a major breakthrough in a certain field, Xi 'an's old hero will glow with charming brilliance, which may be Xi 'an's long-term development direction. Hanjun's company has grown from three employees when 1996 was founded to 135 employees now, and its technical strength and output value are among the best in the western high-tech zone. Han Jun also admitted that with the development of the company, the limitations of its development in Xi 'an are increasing. In the long run, he has established new marketing and R&D bases in Beijing, Shanghai and Shenzhen respectively. In fact, it's not just Korean army. The famous Xi 'an Zhan Sen has moved his headquarters to Beijing. Countless high-tech talents have been poached by the coast and overseas. Among the senior talents in Shenzhen, "Shaanxi Army" ranks first among all the township parties, and the widely circulated saying that "Peacocks fly southeast" began in xi 'an. Xi 'an, a resigned city, can cultivate high-level talents full of entrepreneurial passion, but how to keep them is not enough just by loving their hometown.
Undoubtedly, Xi 'an's status as a central city in northwest China is unshakable at present, but in the long run, it is hard to say. At that time, the famous Wei River Three Kingdoms, Shu and Han, went to war, which could stop the army from advancing. Now even three-year-old children can cross it, and the deterioration of the surrounding environment in Xi 'an can be imagined. At the beginning of China's western development, many investors were optimistic about Xi 'an, but after a period of wait and see, many investors at home and abroad chose to leave. The implementation of the water transfer project on the west line has formed a continuous and important agricultural economic belt in eastern Qinghai, central Gansu, northern Ningxia and western Inner Mongolia. The recovery of agricultural economic status and the gradual formation of large-scale industrial pattern will establish the economic integration pattern of Hetao Plain, Hexi Corridor and even Shaanxi-Gansu Plateau, while the strengthening of the transportation hub status of the east, south and north will undoubtedly shake xi's central position in the west. Lanzhou, a provincial capital city with a long history, has been identified as the northwest business center by the state. Lanzhou's geographical advantage of "Hehuang in the west and Shuofang in the north" and the confidence of Yinchuan, the capital of Xixia, as "Ningxia of Huang Hefu" will all become threats to Xi 'an's central position in the future.
In the textile city in the eastern suburb of Xi, the university city in the southern suburb, the electronic city in the western suburb and the high-tech development zone in the west, the historical giant in Tang suit and the modern giant in suit are having an unprecedented dialogue on this ancient land. Now, Xi 'an's grand plan of "unifying Xianyang" has been promulgated and will be gradually implemented. Xi 'an should make full use of its own talent advantages, retain and make good use of talents, and build Xi 'an into a scientific and technological innovation city and a high-tech industrial base in western China. Xi municipal government has set up two high-tech development zones: industrial high-tech development zone in the southwest of the city and Weihe agricultural development zone in the northwest of the city. These two economic development zones are the platform for Xi 'an to take off and the pride of Xi people.
Facing the challenge of global economic integration, Xi 'an has put forward the key plan of "combining salt with water" and made every effort to build a "Greater Xi 'an Metropolitan Economic Circle". With the east wind of the western development, various large-scale actions have begun. Xi must first give full play to the advantages of a big tourist province and make the tourism industry bigger and stronger. At present, Xi 'an West High-tech Development Zone has begun to take shape, and Xi 'an West Development Plan is connecting Xianyang. Donald Tsang, Chief Secretary for Administration of Hong Kong, said with emotion after visiting Xi 'an in 2003 that Xi 'an could catch up with Hong Kong in two years. This is certainly an encouragement and hope. Xi 'an's unique history doomed Xi 'an not to catch up with others, but to unload the heavy historical burden, not to think about the prosperous Tang Dynasty, but to build a dynamic western leader and leave Xi 'an's lethargy behind him.
Xi 'an's sky is always gray. The sky in Xi is really like an unwashed face. This is the simplicity of Xi 'an. Xi people say this is an ancient face. If it is washed, it will not be Xi 'an. Premier Zhou Enlai has given instructions that Xi 'an can only take it one step at a time and take it one step at a time. Since then, Xi people dare not act rashly in urban transformation. For decades, the people have not fully understood Premier Zhou's instructions. Just because you can't move doesn't mean you can't move Protection and development are always contradictory and unified.
Tall buildings can be cloned and square parks can be imitated. However, the historical sites and natural landscapes left over after hundreds of thousands of years cannot be copied. Many cities are playing this card. Hangzhou has achieved ideal results in the development and utilization of the West Lake, Wuhan East Lake and Lanzhou along the Yellow River. In Xi 'an, there is a saying among the people: "Turning over depends on * * * producing the party, and getting rich depends on Qin Shihuang." Tourism is the pillar industry of Xi, and the most important tourist attractions of Xi are the Terracotta Warriors and Horses and the huge mausoleum headed by the Mausoleum of Qin Shihuang. However, Xi did not manage his own tourism resources well. Xi's scenic spots, historical sites and natural landscapes worthy of development and utilization can only be compared with Beijing in domestic cities, but Xi 'an has no clear understanding of this, giving people a feeling of "begging with a golden bowl". Low-rise houses and tents can be seen everywhere under Xi 'an city wall, and some even nail nails or wooden wedges in the brick cracks of the city wall. The sewage in the moat is cross-flowing and stinking. Xi not only failed to protect the tourist attractions, but also failed to praise the supporting service facilities and the quality of tourism services. Attractions and even deception are used to attract tourists' consumption from time to time, and there will be wrangling and even litigation almost every year during the tourist season. Service quality has always been the core content of tourists' complaints during the "May 1st" and "October 1st" Golden Week. Today, Xi people should clearly realize that the historical sites protected by generations are a "hard card" firmly held in our hands. If we can't play this card well, we will all lose.
The ancient city wall is full of ambiguity. It is a symbol of power, rank, closeness and conservatism, but it is also of great significance to protect traditional culture from infringement. We have heard the voices of the sons and daughters of Sanqin: When will Xi 'an, a sleepy old hero, once again be all-powerful and revive the glory of the Tang Dynasty? We are optimistic about Xi 'an, and we cheer for Xi 'an with the enthusiasm of Xi 'an fans.
Xi 'an is a city with dry air, and this dry city will be ignited by passion at any time.
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