In which year did the apple first appear?

Apples are native to central and southeastern Europe, Central Asia and even Xinjiang, China. In Europe in 300 BC,

Apple varieties

Apple varieties (7 photos)

M.P. Cato has recorded apple varieties. Later, the Romans began to cultivate and propagate by grafting. In the 18th century, J.B. Montessori and T.A had used natural hybridization to select seedlings and gradually popularize their cultivation. After the discovery of the New World in America, European immigrants introduced apples to the Americas and cultivated many new varieties in the Americas. During the Meiji Restoration era, Japan introduced apples from Europe and the United States and then spread them to Asia. Since then, Oceania and Africa have also introduced apples. In the past hundred years, apple cultivation has been established in five continents of the world. The earliest Europeans had eaten apples and improved and bred them. Some varieties appeared as early as more than 2,000 years ago. Before colonizing the Americas, there were hundreds of known varieties in Europe. With the wave of immigrants in North America, seedling apple varieties also spread everywhere, becoming roving emissaries of local legends, playing a major role in the spread of apples, the most prominent of which was John Chapman, who was nicknamed "Apple Guy" ”, apples are widely grown in Ohio and Indiana. Indians and trappers may have also spread the apple.

Apples have been cultivated in China for more than 2,000 years. It is said that the "Zinai" eaten by Xia Yu was a red apple, which shows that apples have a long history in China. "Guangzhi" written by Guo Yigong of the Jin Dynasty said: "There are many examples in the West. Every family collects and exposes dried dendrobium to make preserved meat, and dozens and hundreds of dendrobium are accumulated, which is called pinpo grain." It was known at that time that "in the middle of the first lunar month and the second lunar month, if the ax is turned over and the vertebrae are mottled, then the child will be spared." That is similar to modern circular peeling technology to promote multiple results. The technical level of apple cultivation in China during the Jin Dynasty had reached a very high level. Li Tiaoyuan of the Song Dynasty wrote a poem about Ping Po's fruit in his "Hundred Odes of the South China Sea": "The autumn wind blows in Yufan's house, and the green leaves are exquisite and uncut, mistaking them for being as bright as the branches of flowers, and not realizing that the pods are decorated with scarlet. "As of the Ming Dynasty, there were not only "summer-ripened" "summer-ripened" "summer-ripened" "summer-ripened" "summer-ripened" "summer-ripened" "summer-ripened" "summer-ripened" "summer-ripened" "summer-ripened" "summer-ripened" "summer-ripened" "summer-ripened" "winter-" ", but "it tastes like spikenard. If it is not ripe, it will be eaten like cotton wool. If it is over ripe, it will be too gritty and rotten to eat." (See "Qunfang Pu"). After European apples were naturalized in China in the mid-19th century, they gradually replaced Chinese cotton apples. European apples first Settled in Yantai, Shandong Province, from the end of the 19th century to the beginning of this century, Qingdao, Shandong Province and southern Liaoning Province successively introduced the species and began economic cultivation. In addition to the original apple species in China, most of the apple varieties cultivated for economic purposes are from Europe. , the United States, Japan, the Soviet Union and other countries, called Western apples.