People imagine to establish an immigration base on Mars, consult information and briefly introduce the basic situation of Mars.

Mars is the fourth farthest planet from the sun and the seventh largest planet in the solar system.

Orbit of revolution: 227,940,000 kilometers (65,438+0.52 astronomical units) from the sun.

One of the eight planets in the solar system, it is the fourth planet in the order from near to far from the sun, smaller than the earth, with a period of revolution of about 687 days and a rotation period of about 24 hours and 37 minutes.

Period of revolution: About 687 days.

Rotation period: 24 hours, 37 minutes and 22 seconds.

Planet diameter: 6794 km.

Mass: 6.4191e20t.

Mars is called the god of war, perhaps because of its bright red color, so Mars is sometimes called the "red planet". Before the Greeks, the ancient Romans worshipped Mars, the god of war. The aggressive Greeks regard Mars as a symbol of war, and the name of March also comes from Mars.

Mars was called fluorescence in ancient times, because it is red, fluorescent like fire, and its brightness often changes; Moreover, in air movement, sometimes from west to east, sometimes from east to west, the situation is complicated and chaotic, so China called it "welcoming" in ancient times, which means "welcoming fire and leaving confusion." Meaning.

Humans have known about Mars since prehistoric times. Because it is considered to be the best place for human beings to live in the solar system (except the earth), it is loved by science fiction writers. But unfortunately, the famous "canal" Lowell "saw" and other things, like the Balsumian princesses in Princess Mars, are all fictitious.

The first exploration of Mars was carried out by Mariner 4 in 1965. I made several attempts, including two Viking planes of 1976 (the picture on the left is a photo taken by Viking). Then, after a lapse of 20 years,1July 4, 997, the Mars Pathfinder finally landed on Mars successfully.

The orbit of Mars is very elliptical. Therefore, where the sun shines, the temperature difference between perihelion and aphelion is close to 160 degrees Celsius. This has a great influence on the climate of Mars. The average temperature on Mars is about 2 18K (Kelvin, degree-day, that is, from absolute zero to 273.16℃ (-55℃, -67℉), but it is 140k(- 133℃) away from winter. Although Mars is much smaller than the earth, its surface area is equivalent to the land area of the earth's surface.