Some trivia about words

"Limin" and "民"

Nowadays, we all think that "Limin" is the same as "common people" and often compare these two words. But strictly speaking, this is not the case. Thousands of years ago, there were several larger tribes concentrated in the Yellow River Basin, including the Huangdi tribe, the Yandi tribe, the Yi tribe and the Jiuli tribe. After many years of war, they finally formed a tribal alliance with the Huangdi and Yandi tribes. The Communist Party of China defeated the Jiuli tribe of Chiyou tribe. The alliance of the three tribes of Huang, Yan and Yi was composed of about one hundred clans, so they were collectively called "common people". The Jiuli tribe captured during the war. They are called "Limin". After being captured, "Limin" become slaves of "common people", so the difference between "common people" and "Limin" means the difference between slave owners and slaves. (Excerpted from "Old News and News")

"Three Ignorances"

People often criticize some people who are irresponsible or ignorant of the situation as "one question and three ignorances", so what exactly does the "three ignorances" refer to?

"Zuo Zhuan", in the 21st year of Lu Ai Gong's record, there is such a story: Xun Yao of Jin led the army to attack Zheng. Xun Wenzi thought that he did not understand the enemy's situation and should not advance rashly. He said: " A gentleman's plan is to carry it out from beginning to end, and then follow it up. Isn’t it difficult for me to enter without knowing anything? " What he means is " To plan things, you need to understand the beginning, development and ending of the whole thing before you can finally decide how to act. It can be seen that the so-called "three ignorances" refer to complete ignorance of the beginning, development and ending of the situation.

"Relieving one's hands"

Urinating and defecating is called "relieving one's hands". It is said that it came from the ancient forced escort of migrating people. At that time, relocation was compulsory. Immigration officials and escorting officers were afraid that the emigrants would escape halfway, so after the formation reached a sufficient number, they would tie them up before setting out on the road. The first is heavy binding, that is, two arms are tied up, which makes it very inconvenient to move. Later, "small binding" was used, in which each person only tied one arm, and dozens of people were connected to a rope, implicating each other. Therefore, if someone among them needs to relieve themselves, they must ask the escorting police officer to untie the rope from their arms. At first, in order to convey their meaning clearly, people spoke more completely: "Please, sir, please untie my hands." Later, they spoke more and gradually simplified the original words. As long as someone shouted "Release your hands", then It’s just that he needs to relieve himself. Over time, "relieving one's hands" became synonymous with defecation.

"Aspire"

"Aspire" comes from "Zuo Zhuan? The third year of Xuan Gong". After the Chu State became strong, King Zhuang of Chu once attacked Lu Hun's army and sent troops to the territory of the Zhou royal family. At this time, the Zhou royal family was in decline and could not afford to offend King Zhuang of Chu, so he had to send Wang Sunman to reward the Chu army. After the meeting, King Zhuang of Chu asked: "I have never seen Jiuding before. Sir, can you tell me the size of the tripod?" Jiuding is a nine-piece bronze vessel made by Dayu. It represents the nine states of the entire territory at that time and is a symbol of royal power. The King of Chuzhuang aspired to the throne, and it was obvious that he coveted the royal power of the Zhou royal family. Wang Sunman answered unequivocally: "The Zhou royal family is destined by destiny. Although it is declining now, destiny has not changed. Therefore, the size of the tripod cannot be asked." After the demise of the Zhou Dynasty, the whereabouts of Jiuding were unknown. However, the meaning of "asking for the throne" to seek to seize power remained, and ( ) eventually became the meaning of wanting to win in some aspect or win a championship in a sports competition. (Excerpted from "Xinshuowen Jieci")

"Senior Dragon and Snake"

The destiny is called "Senior Dragon and Snake". Explanation: Sui, the year star; dragon, refers to Chen; snake, refers to Si.

Source: "Book of the Later Han? Biography of Zheng Xuan": "In the spring of the fifth year, Confucius dreamed and said: 'Get up, get up, this year's year will be in Chen, and the next year will be in Si.' , I know that when my life is over, I will be sick for a while. "Li Xian's note: "Liu Zhou of the Northern Qi Dynasty said in "The Legend of Gao Cai Bu Yu" that "Chen is a dragon, and it is a snake. When the age is over, the dragon and snake will sigh." ' , that's what it means.

"(Source: China Chinese Education Network)

"***"

In today's semantics, "***" is undoubtedly a derogatory term, and usually It is used to describe women who behave in a frivolous and frivolous manner. However, in ancient times, at least before the Ming and Qing Dynasties, "***" was always a complimentary word. "In fact, it is the abbreviation of two literary works: "Feng" refers to "Guo Feng" in "The Book of Songs", "Feng" means ballad; "Sao" refers to Qu Yuan's "Li Sao", "Sao" means sadness. "Guofeng" is the source of the realism tradition of ancient Chinese poetry, and "Li Sao" is the source of the romantic tradition of ancient Chinese poetry. Later generations used "***" to refer to poetry and literature.

Qing Dynasty poet Zhao Yi wrote in "On Poetry": "Li and Du's poems have been passed down by thousands of mouths, but they are no longer new. Talented people have emerged from generation to generation, and each has led the army for hundreds of years. " Among them, "There are talented people from generation to generation, and each has led the army for hundreds of years." has long been a popular saying through the ages. Of course, it means that the poems of Li Bai and Du Fu are no longer fresh now, and geniuses will appear from generation to generation. Each led the cultural flow for hundreds of years.

In the long history of language changes, in the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the word "***" gradually extended to the meaning of scenery and glory, and then to the meaning of "scenery". "Going out to be dissolute" further extends to the meaning of behaving frivolously. This is because with the development and prosperity of the commodity economy, the market society has taken shape during the Ming and Qing Dynasties, and a large number of Mandarin novels began to emerge. At the same time, the slang of the market society began to emerge. And unhealthy concepts have also begun to affect literary works. Specific to the word "***", the semantics of "风" describe the love between men and women, and the semantics of "Sao" describe the coquettishness began to appear in the urban society. It became prominent in slang, so the derogatory element of "***" appeared in large numbers in popular novels of this period. However, at this time, the derogatory meaning of "***" was not used to refer specifically to women, and it was still a derogatory term for both men and women. . Around the end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century, as the west wind spread to the east, women's subjective consciousness gradually awakened, and the word "***" began to be used more often for women. For example: Mao Dun wrote in the novel "Shake": " Sister Jinfeng had already walked up to her. Her face was still painted with snow-white lead powder, her lips were painted scarlet, her eyes were still open, and her waist was twisted, very sexy. ”