Zhang Zonghu's main experience

Zhang Zonghu (1926 February19-2014 February19), a native of Mancheng, Hebei Province, is an expert in hydrogeology and engineering geology, a Quaternary geologist, an academician of China Academy of Sciences, and an academician of China Academy of Engineering.

1948 graduated from Peking University Geology Department. 1950 to 195 1, Zhang Zonghu is the geological investigator of Beijing Geological Survey and the steering committee of China Geological Work Plan. From June 195 1 to February 1955, Zhang Zonghu was an associate professor in the Department of Hydrogeology and Engineering Geology of Moscow Geological Exploration Institute of the former Soviet Union. 1948 After graduating from university, I participated in petroleum geology, nonmetallic mineral geology survey and railway engineering geology survey.

Zhang Zonghu has been engaged in the study of loess, engineering geology, hydrogeology and Quaternary geology in China for a long time, presided over more than 100 national and provincial major and key scientific and technological projects, revealed the mechanical deformation mechanism of loess collapsibility, put forward the basic model of loess plateau soil erosion and the classification system of loess plateau soil erosion types, and was the first geologist in the world to discover the law of loess permeability. Zhang Zonghu presided over the national key scientific and technological project "Evaluation and rational utilization of water resources in North China", which solved the major problems of scientific evaluation and rational utilization of groundwater resources under complex geological conditions in Hebei Province.

Chinese name: Zhang Zonghu.

Nationality: China.

Ethnic group: Han nationality

Place of Birth: Mancheng County, Baoding City, Hebei Province

Date of birth:1Feb. 92619th.

Date of death: February 20 14 19.

Occupation: educational and scientific research worker

Graduate school: Moscow Geological Exploration Institute of the former Soviet Union.

Main achievements: 1980 academician of China academy of sciences.

1994 was elected as an academician of China Academy of Engineering (the first batch).

Representative works: Loess in China, Quaternary Geology in China and Hydrogeological Atlas of China.

Gender: male

Political Views: party member, Producer Party of China.

The life of the character

1Feb. 92619th, Zhang Zonghu was born in Mancheng County, Baoding City, Hebei Province. When I was young, I lived in Beijing with my grandfather for a long time. My grandfather was a scholar in the late Qing Dynasty, and my father went into politics after being a lawyer. When he was in middle school, he was interested in geology because his math teacher talked about minerals and rocks many times. After graduating from high school, Zhang Zonghu entered the Geology Department of Peking University and was admitted. I often ride a bike with my classmates, carry a kettle on my back, take a hammer and compass to the western hills of Beijing to see the strata, play fossils and make a summary when I come back. This insistence on field geological work has cultivated his good habit and style of careful investigation and observation.

1July, 948, Zhang Zonghu graduated from the Geology Department of Peking University. In September, I worked in the Geological Exploration Department of China Petroleum Company in Lanzhou, Gansu, as a public engineer, and worked in petroleum geology under the leadership of Sun Jianchu, a pioneer of petroleum geology in China.

1April, 950, Zhang Zonghu was transferred to Beijing Geological Survey. In the same year, together with Li Yueyan, a potash expert who worked in Li Yong Soda Factory at that time, he entered the desert area of Etuoke Banner, Yikezhao League, Inner Mongolia, and made a geological survey of trona resources in Alkali Lake, becoming the first geologist in China to enter the desert area. This is the earliest hydrogeological and hydrochemical investigation of alkali lake in China after the founding of the People's Republic of China. At the end of 1950, in order to complete the Baoyin Line, the first railway completely designed by China after the founding of the People's Republic of China, Zhang Zonghu and Jiang walked nearly 600 kilometers to carry out engineering geological survey along the line. It has crossed nearly 100 kilometers of no-man's land many times, crossed sandy saline-alkali beaches four times and crossed the Yellow River four times. The conditions are very difficult. At that time, the security situation was very poor. Although protected by the People's Liberation Army, it was attacked by armed bandits three times. However, they insisted on completing the systematic railway engineering geological survey.

195 1 year, Zhang Zonghu went to Xishan, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province for a geological survey of gypsum mineral resources. Although this experience is not long, he has engaged in geological work in petroleum geology, non-metallic mineral geology, railway engineering geological survey and other aspects, broadening his professional knowledge, increasing his understanding of geological phenomena and his interest in field geological work, which has a very important impact on Zhang Zonghu's future business and academic achievements. 195 1 At the end of the year, Zhang Zonghu was selected to study in the Department of Hydrogeology and Engineering Geology of Moscow Institute of Geological Exploration in the Soviet Union. The tutor is popov, a famous engineering geologist in the Soviet Union. Because popov considered that the loess in China is widely distributed, thick and closely related to engineering, he suggested that Zhang Zonghu choose the engineering geological problems in the loess area as the research direction. This has also become the main research direction of Zhang Zonghu in the next 30 years.

From 65438 to 0955, Zhang Zonghu returned to China immediately after receiving an associate doctorate in geology and mineralogy, and worked as an engineer in the Bureau of Hydrogeology and Engineering Geology of the Ministry of Geology. He has participated in the geological appraisal of the Three Gorges Project by the Sino-Soviet expert group and the industrial layout survey in northwest China organized by the State Planning Commission for the formulation of the second five-year economic construction plan. 1956. 7. 3 Join the China * * * Production Party. In the same year, he worked in the Institute of Hydrogeology and Engineering Geology of the Ministry of Geology, and served as the director of soil science research office and engineering geology research office, and the chief engineer, director and honorary director of the Institute of Hydrogeology and Engineering Geology. During this period, he mainly engaged in hydrogeology, engineering geology and Quaternary geology research, and achieved many results.

1March 1955 to1June 1957, Zhang Zonghu worked in the Institute of Hydrogeology and Engineering Geology of the Ministry of Geology as an engineer.

1July, 956, Zhang Zonghu joined the China * * * Production Party.

1957 65438+ 10, served as the head of the engineering geology research room and the science and technology information room of the Institute of Hydrogeology and Engineering Geology of the Ministry of Geology. 1957 participated in the compilation of hydrogeology and engineering geology in the national science and technology development plan12 (1956-1965).

1963, director of soil science research office, Institute of Hydrogeology and Engineering Geology. 1963, participating in the formulation of the national ten-year plan for agricultural science and technology.

1973, technical director of Institute of Hydrogeology and Engineering Geology.

1May, 1978, served as chief engineer of Institute of Hydrogeology and Engineering Geology.

From June 65438 to1October 65438, 0957, Zhang Zonghu was the chief engineer in the Institute of Hydrogeology and Engineering Geology of the Ministry of Geology and Mineral Resources.

1.0978 to 1.0980, Zhang Zonghu is the director and secretary of the Party Committee of the Institute of Hydrogeology and Engineering Geology of the Ministry of Geology and Mineral Resources.

1June 1980 to1May 1988, Zhang Zonghu was the director of the Institute of Hydrogeology and Engineering Geology of the Ministry of Geology.

1980165438+10 In October, Zhang Zonghu was elected as a member of the Department of Geology of China Academy of Sciences.

198 1 year, director and researcher of Institute of Hydrogeology and Engineering Geology.

1983 to 1987 served as the director and party secretary of the Institute of Hydrogeology and Engineering Geology of the Ministry of Geology and Mineral Resources.

1April 1987 to his death (20 14.02), honorary director of the Institute of Hydrogeology and Engineering Geology.

1988 From May to February, 20 14, Zhang Zonghu was honorary director of the Institute of Hydrogeology and Engineering Geology of the Ministry of Geology.

1.From June 1992 to1.In June 2004, Zhang Zonghu served as senior consultant and honorary chairman of Shijiazhuang Science and Technology Association.

1992 was elected as the deputy director of the Department of Geography at the sixth plenary session of the Faculty Committee of China Academy of Sciences. In the same year, he was hired as a distinguished member of the third discipline appraisal group of the State Council Academic Degrees Committee.

From 65438 to 0994, Zhang Zonghu was elected as an academician of China Academy of Engineering, and was affiliated to the Department of Energy and Mining Engineering (mine hydrogeology and engineering geology).

200 1 1, Zhang Zonghu is the vice chairman of Shijiazhuang Science and Technology Association.

20 1 1, at the Hebei Science and Technology Awards Conference, Zhang Zonghu was awarded the Outstanding Contribution Award of Hebei Science and Technology.

On February 20 14/the morning of kloc-0/9 1 48, Zhang Zonghu died of illness in Shanghai at the age of 88. On the morning of February 22nd, the farewell ceremony of Zhang Zonghu's body was held in Hanyun Hall of Longhua Funeral Home in Shanghai. Relatives, colleagues and friends of Academician Zhang Zonghu went to see him off.

Major achievements

achievements in scientific research

From 65438 to 0955, after returning to China, Zhang Zonghu participated in the geological engineering geological survey of industrial construction layout and site selection in northwest China and the engineering geological survey of site selection of some domestic water conservancy projects, and then engaged in scientific research on hydrogeology, engineering geology and Quaternary geology. The regional geology, stratum, landform, engineering geological properties of loess and soil erosion law of China Loess Plateau were systematically and deeply studied. Especially in the microstructure and mechanical properties of loess, collapsible deformation of loess and seepage law of loess, many innovative understandings have been obtained.

Zhang Zonghu is the author of Loess in China, Quaternary Geology in China and Groundwater in China. He has edited the Engineering Geological Map of Loess Plateau in China (1: 1 10,000), Quaternary Geological Map and Description of China and Its Adjacent Seas (120,000), Hydrogeological Map of Asia, Landform Map of Loess Plateau (150,000) and other works.

Zhang Zonghu won the first prize, the second prize of the National Natural Science Award and the second prize of the National Science and Technology Progress Award.

In 1970s, Zhang Zonghu edited the Hydrogeological Atlas of People's Republic of China (PRC), which was attended by 39 provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions. This atlas is the first professional atlas of hydrogeology in China, which comprehensively and systematically summarizes the achievements of hydrogeological investigation and research since the founding of the People's Republic of China for the first time, and reflects the regional distribution of groundwater in China and the complex hydrogeological characteristics of various natural unit landscapes. After the publication of 1979, it was included in the series of Geological Maps of China and Asia, and 198 1 won the first prize of national natural science. The 38th national key scientific and technological project "Research on the Rational Development and Utilization of Water Resources in North China" during the Sixth Five-Year Plan to the Seventh Five-Year Plan period put forward solutions, policies and scientific management to alleviate the contradiction between supply and demand of water resources in North China. Zhang Zonghu was the project leader, and this achievement won the first prize of scientific and technological achievements of the Ministry of Geology and Minerals and the second prize of 1989 National Science and Technology Progress Award. 199 1 year, Zhang Zonghu organized and guided the compilation of the Hydrogeological Map of Asia, which not only provided basic information and systematic summary for the groundwater environment, resources and sustainable development in Asia and China, but also filled the gap in the Asian intercontinental hydrogeologic map and won high praise from the international hydrogeologic community. 1993- 1996 Zhang Zonghu, as the head of the key project of the National Natural Science Foundation, completed the research in cooperation with other units, and made a comprehensive and systematic summary and prediction.

geological research

He has profound attainments and has published many academic papers. He was one of the first scholars to put forward the Quaternary lower limit age of the Loess Plateau about 2.48 million years ago, which provided an important basis for solving the Quaternary lower limit problem in Chinese mainland. Since 1983, he initiated and was responsible for editing and organizing 12. Major domestic research units and experts completed the compilation and explanation of Quaternary Geological Map of People's Republic of China (PRC) and its adjacent waters (1:2.5 million). This is the first national Quaternary geological map in China, including the sea area, which has reached a high international level and won favorable comments at the International Quaternary Congress. Won the first prize of scientific and technological achievements of the Ministry of Geology and Mineral Resources 1993 and the second prize of the National Natural Science Award 1994. At the same time, Quaternary Geology of China (English version), edited by him, comprehensively summarizes the development history of Quaternary Geology in China, the distribution law of various deposits, neotectonic movement, climate evolution, stratigraphy and paleogeography.

Study on geological problems

Zhang Zonghu attaches great importance to it. For example, in harnessing the Yellow River, he believes that the fundamental problem lies in sand control. It is necessary to combine sediment reduction in the middle reaches with sediment discharge in the lower reaches, take the key sediment-producing areas as the key areas for remediation, and focus on "controlling harm". Water conservancy facilities with the purpose of "promoting profits" should consider whether they are conducive to the management of the Yellow River. From 65438 to 0988, he made this important suggestion at the meeting of members of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. As the deputy director of the Geology Department of China Academy of Sciences, he actively organized academicians and experts to investigate some major problems in China's geological environment and put forward suggestions. Successively used land and immigrated to the Three Gorges reservoir area of the Yangtze River; Sea level rise in the eastern coastal areas (Pearl River Delta, Yangtze River Delta and Yellow River Delta); Water resources consultation and investigation in southwest (Guizhou, Yunnan) and northwest karst mountain areas, and put forward countermeasures research report for scientific decision-making reference of leading departments. In addition, he also participated in the geological survey of Lancang River and Panxi area of China Academy of Sciences, the investigation and consultation of northwest water resources of China Academy of Engineering, and the discussion on the exploration and development of groundwater resources in Shaanxi, Gansu, Ningxia, Qinghai, Xinjiang and northwest Inner Mongolia, and offered suggestions.

/kloc-since the 1990s, from the perspective of global change, Zhang Zonghu has further shifted his research focus to the interaction between geological environment changes and human activities, and sorted out the evolution of geological environment and the trend of future living environment in northern areas (including Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, Loess Plateau, Ordos Plateau, North China Plain and Bohai Coast) since the late Pleistocene. To study the evolution and development of groundwater environment in North China Plain under the influence of human activities, and as the chief scientist to guide multi-sectoral, multi-disciplinary and innovative comprehensive research on environmental geology, focusing on the evolution of groundwater environment, and made important progress.

scientific research institution

Zhang Zonghu is not only engaged in scientific research in the above-mentioned main geological fields, but also the leader of hydrogeology, engineering geology and Quaternary geology. He also spent a lot of energy and time on the organization and management of scientific research, and he is an excellent science and technology management expert. He knows that any major scientific achievements, especially in the field of geology, are inseparable from the support and creation of scientific research groups. At the end of 1950s, in the process of establishing the first research institute of hydrogeology and engineering geology in China, the Institute of Hydrogeology and Engineering Geology of the Ministry of Geology, Zhang Zonghu made positive contributions from the planning and establishment to the development of scientific research activities, and also established the earliest professional information laboratory in China at that time, and presided over and edited the geological science and technology information Newsletter of Hydrogeology and Engineering. In 1960s, the Institute established a branch of engineering geology-Soil Science Laboratory. In 1970s and 1980s, he successfully organized many national and ministerial key scientific and technological projects and multi-disciplinary and multi-sectoral cooperative research projects on basic geology. He also holds many positions in academic organizations, which spare no effort to actively organize academic activities and make academic summaries in person.

personnel training

For more than 50 years, Zhang Zonghu has been insisting on field work and field visits. Even though I am over 70 years old, I still personally went to the Loess Plateau, the western Sichuan Mountains, the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau and other places to lead young geologists across mountains and rivers to conduct field geological surveys and investigations. Although he is very familiar with the loess area, he is still exploring in this field. Almost all the gullies and forks in the Loess Plateau are his footprints. He is rigorous in his studies, good at comprehensively analyzing and absorbing the new achievements of other disciplines for our use, active in academic thinking, pioneering and innovating, constantly proposing new research directions and creating unique academic opinions. He is approachable, obedient to his comrades and more concerned about cultivating young people. He never keeps his knowledge and experience, leaving a deep impression on people. He is a rare teacher and friend.

Honor recognition

social service

Personality assessment

Zhang Zonghu has been engaged in the study of loess, engineering geology, hydrogeology and Quaternary geology in China for a long time, presided over more than 100 national and provincial major and key scientific and technological projects, revealed the mechanical deformation mechanism of loess collapsibility, put forward the basic model of loess plateau soil erosion and the classification system of loess plateau soil erosion types, and was the first geologist in the world to discover the law of loess permeability. Zhang Zonghu presided over the national key scientific and technological project "Evaluation and rational utilization of water resources in North China", which solved the major problems of scientific evaluation and rational utilization of groundwater resources under large-scale complex geological conditions in our province.

Mr. Zhang Zonghu has made outstanding contributions to the development of science and technology such as hydrogeology, environmental geology, Quaternary geology, loess and water resources development and utilization in China. He has participated in geological surveys of petroleum, nonmetallic minerals, railway engineering and industrial construction layout and site selection in northwest China, and provided technical guidance, planning demonstration and decision-making consultation for a series of major water conservancy projects, traffic engineering and water resources exploration and development, such as site selection of the Three Gorges Dam. He made a systematic and in-depth study on the regional geology, stratum, landform, loess engineering geology and soil erosion law of China Loess Plateau, and obtained a number of important research results. Mr. Zhang Zonghu loves the motherland, loves his post and is dedicated, rigorous in his studies and noble in moral character. He is a model and outstanding representative of China's scientific and technological circles.