Sun Yat-sen: What influence did Sun Yat-sen have on the revolution?

Sun Wen was born1866165438+10/2, and died in Xiangshan County, Guangdong Province1925 March 12, Sun Wen, Beiping, Hebei Province (1866 655 Sun Wen was born in Xiangshan County (now Zhongshan City), Guangdong Province in the Qing Dynasty. He has been all over the world, plotting to overthrow the Qing Dynasty and establish a * * * Republic; Sun Wen in exile? During the war, he was renamed Zhongshan Qiao, and later generations used to call him Mr. Zhongshan. In the 29th year of the Republic of China (1940), the people of the whole country * * * issued a circular to the whole country, praising Sun Wen for "advocating the national revolution, founding the Republic of China, updating the political system, laying a world foundation forever and seeking international equality" and honoring him as "the father of the Republic of China". Sun Wen was praised as "eternal prime minister" by * *; Let's call him a "revolutionary pioneer". Some people even call Sun the "father of modern China". Sun Wen once used many names, most of which were changed to publicize the revolution or get rid of wanted criminals, and a few were changed to express life wishes. Sun Wen, who formed revolutionary thoughts, did not talk about revolution at first. He once put forward a number of reform suggestions in 1894 "Wan Yan's Essay on Li Hongzhang", but Li Hongzhang refused. Disappointed, Sun Wen165438+1October 24th went to Maui, Honolulu to organize a fund-raising meeting in Zhong Xing, and put forward the slogan of "expelling the Tatars, restoring China and establishing a united front" in an attempt to pave the way for his revolutionary cause with tiring thoughts. 1895, arrived in Hongkong, China, met with old friends Lu, Zheng Shiliang,, and others, and prepared to plan the first revolutionary organization in his life, Zhong Xing, with the goal of "expelling the Tatars, restoring China and establishing a United front". On February 12 of the same year, China, Hongkong and Zhong Xing Association was formally established.

The address is Stanton Street 13, Central. At that time, Yang, Xie Zutai and others had already established "Fu Ren Wen She" with the aim of "enlightening people and transforming China". Sun Wen was close to his own career, so he contacted Fu Jen Society and readily agreed to merge the whole society into the society. So I rented a general meeting called "Gan Heng Hang". On February 20th, Sun Wen gave a public speech at the University of Hong Kong in China, in which he mentioned that Qu Qiu's revolutionary thought originated in Hong Kong, China. 1895 during the revolutionary period, on February 2 1 day (the 27th day of the first month), the Zhong Xing Association was established. All the participants swore to "expel Tatars, restore China and establish a United front", and the Association elected Yang as the office of the Association (then called "Detian", that is, the president) as the secretary. /kloc-the first cadre meeting in March, 0/6 (February 20th) decided to take Guangzhou as the base and adopt the * * * flag designed by Lu as the flag of the uprising, that is, to carry out various activities in a division of labor, with Mr. Wang presiding over the front tasks and the rear support work. Sun Wen entered Guangzhou, founded the Peasant Association in the form of organ newspaper, and extensively recruited comrades, and designated the Double Ninth Festival (65438+1October 26th) as the uprising day. However, the uprising failed because of leaks in advance. Most of the members, led by, were arrested and sentenced, but they were wanted by the Qing court, deported from China and exiled overseas by the Hong Kong authorities. Sun Wen fled to Japan on June 5438+065438+ 10, when he cut off his left braid and put on a suit. 1at the beginning of 896, he arrived in Hawaii with his wife and children, and then turned to the United States [2], hoping to develop the Xinghua Club and raise money among overseas Chinese living in the United States. In the autumn of the same year, Sun Wen went to London, England, was arrested by Qing court agents, and entered the China Embassy, which became an international event. This incident was later called "kidnapped in London", and Sun Wen was invited to publish a book describing his experience, which made him famous. 1897, Sun Wen went to Japan via Canada. I first met Miyazaki Yinzang Peace Mountain Week, and they all became long-term supporters. Through Peace Mountain in Miyazaki Hayao, Sun Zi made friends with Japanese military, political and gangsters, including Inukai Tsuyoshi, Sakamoto Shigeyoshi, Yamada Masayoshi and others. And once contacted Liang Qichao and other royalists. 1900, the Boxer Rebellion attracted Eight-Nation Alliance. Sun Wen took the opportunity to contact Li Hongzhang, then governor of Guangdong and Guangxi, hoping to plan the southern provinces and establish a United States similar to the United States. Li Hongzhang also promised to meet him. But with the help of Japanese friends, I found that this was a trap of the Qing court. Then Li Hongzhang went to Beijing to coordinate the treaty, and the meeting ended without results. In September of the same year, Sun Wen went to Hongkong, China with his Japanese friends and the backbone of the former Zhong Xing Society. After being banned from entering China, he was transferred to Taiwan Province Province, where Japanese officials promised to support the Guangdong Uprising (known as Huizhou Sanzhoutian Uprising). Later, because Japanese officials temporarily changed their minds and failed, Sun Wen also returned to Japan. During the revolutionary period, Sun Wen opened a revolutionary military school in Qingshan in the summer of 1903. Since then, the reform vows have been "expelling the Tatars, restoring China, establishing the Republic of China, and sharing power equally". In September of the same year, Sun Wen went to Honolulu again, hoping to make another revolution among overseas Chinese. At the beginning of 1904, Sun Wen joined Hong Men in Honolulu and became a civil servant. In the same year, he went to the United States and was detained by the US Immigration Service in San Francisco. After that, he had to go to court to apply for bail and hire a lawyer to avoid being sent back to China. After that, Sun Wen went to the East Coast to seek overseas Chinese to support the revolution, and published the first foreign declaration in new york, hoping to win the support and goodwill of foreigners for the revolution, but it did not achieve great results. At the end of the year, she was sponsored by China students studying in Europe and moved to Europe to publicize the revolution among China students studying in London, Paris and Brussels, and to raise money from them. She went to the Far East between 1905 and arrived in Yokohama, Japan in July. Under the introduction of Miyazaki Inzo, he met Huang Xing and began to plan to unite various revolutionary organizations. 1In August, 905, the China League was established in Tokyo, Japan, with the mediation of Japanese Uchida Ryohei, and the United Star Club, Huang Xing, Song Huaxing Club, Cai Yuanpei, Wu Jingheng Patriotic Association and YMCA. Sun Wen was promoted to the position of Prime Minister of the League, determined the revolutionary platform of "expelling the Tatars, restoring China, establishing the Republic of China, and equalizing land rights", and renamed it People's Daily with the publications of Zhina and Huaxinghui in the 20th century, and put forward the theory of "Three People's Principles" for the first time, and had a heated debate with reformists such as Liang Qichao and Kang Youwei. Following the compilation of the General Outline of the League Revolution, the national revolution was officially announced, and the founder was the Republic of China; At the same time, four outlines of the oath are set, and three programs of "military rule of law, contract rule of law and constitutional rule of law" are set to realize it. 1907, under the pressure of the Qing court, Japan asked Sun Wen to leave Japan for 15,000 yuan. Sun Wen left Japan in March after collecting money. Because this matter has not been discussed within the alliance, it has caused division within the alliance. After arriving in Nanyang, with the support of Hu and Wang Jingwei, the headquarters of the League was established in Nanyang. 1907 In May, Yu Chou was ordered to revolt in Huanggang, Chaozhou, and was defeated on the 6th, the third uprising. 1June, 907, Sun Wen ordered Deng Ziyu to revolt in the seven female lakes in Huizhou, which lasted for more than ten days, and was the fourth uprising. On July 6th, Xu Xilin uprising in Anqing, failed and died. In July of the same year, Sun Wen went to Guangxi via Vietnam to preside over the Zhennanguan Uprising, which failed again. Sun Wen was refused entry by the French authorities and did not set foot on the land of China until after the victory of the Revolution of 1911. 1908 On March 27th, Huang Xing led the revolutionary army to attack Qinzhou, which was the seventh uprising. In April, Mingtang Huang revolted in Diankou, which was the eighth uprising. 19 10 In February, Ni Yingdian launched a new army uprising in Guangzhou, which was the ninth uprising. During the period from 1909 to 19 1 1, Sun Wen spent most of his time traveling around the world, planning revolutionary funds and foreign * * * support among overseas Chinese and students, but his income was extremely limited. On the other hand, standing on the statue of Dr. Sun Yat-sen in Beijing Zhongshan Park, the League and its peripheral organizations expanded rapidly, and the United States regional headquarters of the League was established in 19 10/month, hoping to attract more overseas Chinese to participate in the revolution. In addition, several uprisings including 19 10+ 10 (August 19th of the lunar calendar) and Huanghuagang Uprising led by Huang Xing were successively launched. Revolutions have passed again and again-the first Guangzhou Uprising 1895 led Zheng Shiliang, Lu and others to attack Guangzhou. However, the story came to light, and the Qing Dynasty launched a manhunt, and Lu was arrested and sacrificed. Huizhou Uprising1907101On October 8th, Sun Wen ordered Zheng Shiliang and others to launch an uprising in Sanzhoutian, Huizhou. Chaozhou Huanggang Uprising 1907 In May, Yu Chou was ordered to uprising in Chaozhou Huanggang, and was defeated on the 6th. Qinv Lake Uprising1June, 907, Deng Ziyu was ordered to uprising in Qinv Lake, Huizhou. Anqing Uprising1On July 6th, 907, Xu Xilin of the Guangfu Association revolted in Anqing, Anhui. Fangcheng Uprising 1907 September ordered Wang Heshun to revolt in Wangguangshan, Qinzhou. Zhennanguan Uprising 19071February, Mingtang Huang was ordered and personally directed Zhennanguan Uprising. Qin Zhou and Lianzhou Uprising1On March 27th, 908, Huang Xing led a revolutionary army to attack Qin Zhou. Hekou Uprising1In April, 908, Mingtang Huang was ordered to uprising in Hekou, Yunnan. Guangzhou New Army Uprising 19 10 In February, Ni Yingdian launched the New Army Uprising in Guangzhou. Huanghuagang Uprising 19 1 1 April Zhao Sheng, Huang Xing and others led the uprising in Guangzhou. Later, the bodies of 72 martyrs were collected and buried together in Huanghuagang.

Sun Yat-sen promoted the revolution.

Made many people believe him.

The Revolution of 1911 is a great revolutionary movement "conforming to the world trend and meeting people's needs", which has an important historical position and role. Sun Yat-sen's main achievement is that he led the Revolution of 1911 and became a giant of China in the 20th century. The Revolution of 1911 undoubtedly played a positive role in promoting China's economic and social development. Politically and ideologically, this is an ideological emancipation. Promoting democracy has become the forerunner of social change. Of course, due to historical limitations, the Revolution of 1911 was ultimately a failure, because the social nature and people's living conditions in China have not completely changed. The fruits of the revolution were seized by warlords, bureaucrats and politicians representing the interests of western powers, and the Republic of China was not worthy of its name. Therefore, Sun Yat-sen pointed out in his last words: "The revolution has not yet succeeded, and comrades still need to work hard. 」

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