Hakka information

Hakka is a branch of the Han ethnic group with distinctive characteristics. It is also one of the Han ethnic groups with a wide distribution range and far-reaching influence in the world. Starting from the Yongjia Rebellion in the Western Jin Dynasty, the Han residents of the Central Plains migrated southward in large numbers and arrived at the junction of Guangdong, Jiangxi and Fujian. They mixed with the local indigenous residents and exchanged marriages. After thousands of years of evolution, the relatively stable Hakka ethnic group was finally formed. Since then, the Hakka people have used Meizhou as their base and migrated in large numbers to various provinces in South China and even around the world. The four Hakka states are Meizhou, Ganzhou, Tingzhou and Huizhou. Shibi, Ninghua County, Fujian Province is the central area where the legendary Hakka ethnic line was formed. Shibi is known as the "Hakka ancestral land".

Hakka Cities

The main Hakka cities in mainland China today refer to seven cities including Meizhou in Guangdong, Huizhou in Guangdong, Heyuan in Guangdong, Shaoguan in Guangdong, Shenzhen in Guangdong, Longyan in Fujian, and Ganzhou in Jiangxi . The above seven cities are considered the original hometowns of the Hakkas, the base camps of the Hakkas, and the Hakka cultural reserves. In addition, seven cities including Sanming (Ninghua) in Fujian, Shanwei (Luhe) in Guangdong, Qingyuan in Guangdong (Yingde), Dongguan in Guangdong, Hezhou in Guangxi, Fangchenggang in Guangxi, and Danzhou in Hainan are prefecture-level cities where Hakka culture has an important influence . Hakkas are also distributed in Jieyang (Puning), Guangdong, Maoming, Guangdong, Zhongshan, Guangdong, Jiangmen (Chixi), Guangdong, Guangzhou (Zengcheng), Guangdong, Zhangzhou (Zhao'an), Fujian, Ji'an (Suichuan), Jiangxi, Yichun (Tonggu), Jiangxi, Sichuan Chengdu, Chongqing Rongchang, Guangxi Yulin (Bobai), Guangxi Guigang and other places.

Origin of the name

Hakka Enclosed House

The name "Hakka" originated from a large-scale ethnic group fight between natives and guests in the Qing Dynasty. Relatively speaking, the Jiangmen area (then known as Siyi), a Cantonese ethnic group that regarded itself as "landlords", gave Hakka a different name. At the beginning of the war, there was still no "Hakka" name, but only the distinction between native and Hakka. With the development of weapon fighting, terms such as "犵獠" appeared, and finally the word "Hakka" appeared. The term "Hakka" later became widely known due to Luo Xianglin's Hakka theory, and gradually became the name of the ethnic group. Many people began to accept it happily and call themselves Hakka. However, some people have not accepted this term. For example, in some counties in Ganzhou, southeastern Guangxi and western Guangdong, people who speak the same language call themselves "Ya people". In Taiwan, during the Qing Dynasty and the Japanese colonial period, Guangdong ancestors and Fujian ancestors were distinguished. Fujian Hakkas were included in the Fujian nationality, and Tingzhou Prefecture and Zhangzhou Prefecture Hakkas registered as Fujian nationalities also joined the Guangdong Party because of their language affinity. But now all Hakkas in Taiwan have accepted the name "Hakka". Hakkas who are native to Fujian and Guangdong provinces work together in unity, no longer distinguishing between you and me. Another view is as follows: Hakka people call themselves "Hakka" as a sign of respect for each other and as a contemptuous term for themselves, which shows the Hakka tradition of hospitality.

Hakka culture

The Hakka people are very united and cooperative. They mostly live in Fujian, Guangdong and Jiangxi regions in mainland China. Therefore, they have a strong mountainous culture. The Hakka people are also known as the "hilly people". nation". Hakka culture is characterized by the inheritance of farming and reading, retaining the characteristics of the ancient Han nation, and is known as the living fossil of ancient Han culture. Since Hakkas travel all over the world, immigrate to the world, and have many successful people in overseas business circles, they are also known as "Oriental Jews". Some people say: Wherever there is sunshine, there are Hakkas; wherever there is a piece of land, Hakkas will gather together, work hard, and reproduce.

Hakka Food

The food and drinks of the Hakka people are much the same or basically the same as those of other Han areas. However, due to the unique geographical conditions, historical background, etc. of the development of this ethnic group, The food culture is also unique. The formation of the characteristics of Hakka cuisine has a lot to do with the living environment and living standards of the Hakka people. In the early days, the Hakka people mostly lived in areas with high mountains and cold water. The ground was wet and foggy. Food should be warm and hot, and cold food should be avoided. Therefore, they mostly used stir-fry and less raw and cold food. They were more prominent in the use of spicy food. The dishes were "fresh, moist and fragrant". ", mellow" characteristics. When you go out, you have to climb mountains. The production conditions are difficult, the labor hours are long and the intensity is high, and more fat and salt are needed to supplement the large amount of heat energy consumed. The diet is good at cooking mountain delicacies and game, which is a little salty and oily. Due to long-term migration and the lag in economic development in concentrated areas, the Hakka people live a hard life and use local materials to prepare pickles, dried vegetables, dried radish and other foods that are durable and durable. They can be eaten with sweet potato rice at home and suppress flatulence, and can be served with wild vegetables when going out. Satisfy hunger, which forms the characteristics of "salty, ripe and old".