Hong Kong population problem! ! Urgent! ! (20 points for the best answer)

Update 1: It's better to be concise, don't copy a lot, and add questions to the answer.

Update 2: kaki_ 1 1 19 Goo

Hong Kong population problem! ! Urgent! ! (20 points for the best answer)

Update 1: It's better to be concise, don't copy a lot, and add questions to the answer.

Update 2: kaki_ 1 1 19 Good answer, according to the method (5 good answers! )

Question: 1) Population aging 2) Method of decreasing birth rate: 1) Introducing investment immigrants 2) Encouraging childbearing 2) Encouraging the elderly to move to the mainland.

At the statistical time point, The number of births and deaths of Hong Kong residents, permanent residents and floating residents has increased naturally from the last statistical time point to this statistical time point # The number of net immigrants (inflow minus outflow) in mid-1996 was 6 435 500 6 242 800 65 438+092 700 In mid-1997, it was 6489300 6303000 1 86300063000632003 14386 36 1 800 18 1 900 55 100 32 300 22 800 3 1 600 6 606 500 6 427 300 1 79 200 52 100 33 000 600.8+000 43 700 6 665 000 6 48 1 800 183 200 5 1 100 34 200 16 900 4 1 600 20016 724 900 6 542 300 65438.600 53 300 32 300 21000 38 900 Note: # Natural growth = number of births-number of deaths-. Compared with the growth rate of the previous year, the estimated population in the middle of each year (1) is compared with the previous year. The growth rate is197140453002.2%19875805001.0%197241236001. kloc-0/989 5 686 200 1.0% 1974 4 377 800 3.2% 1990 5 704 500 0.3% 1975 4 46 1 600 1.9% 1 99 / kloc-0/ 5 752 000 0.8% 1976 4 5 18 000 1.3% 1992 5 800 500 0.8% 1977 4 583 700 1.5% 1993 5 90 / kloc-0/ 000 654 38+0.7% 1978 4 667 500 1.8% 1994 6 035 400 2.3% 1979 4 929 700 5.6% 1995 6 156 / kloc-0/00 2.0% 1980 5 063 6543 8+000 2.7% 1996 6 435 500 2.5%(2) 198 1 5 183 400 2.4% 1 997 6 489 300 0.8%1982 5 264 5001.6%1998 6 543 700 0.8%1983 5 345 65433 2) The growth rate is 1996 2. The "resident population" method for compiling population estimates was adopted and published in August 2000 to replace the "generalized time point" method used in the past. The method of "resident population" is more suitable than the method of "generalized time point" to reflect the changes in the living and mobility patterns of China and Hongkong in recent years. The "resident population" method can also solve the limitations of the "generalized time point" method, which has been paid more and more attention due to the change of the situation. The concept of "resident population" is clear in international statistical standards, but the specific definitions applied in different places are not consistent, so it is necessary to fully consider the unique population living and mobility patterns in different places. International statistical agencies have pointed out that due to the development of industry, commerce and society, the residents of some countries/regions have a high "mobility". The relevant authorities should give deep consideration to this situation when processing the population statistics of these countries/regions. Taking China Mainland and Hong Kong as examples, the research results show that the definition of "permanent population" (we call it "permanent population") in China Mainland and Hong Kong should include "permanent population" and "floating population". Considering the concept and existing data, the technical definition of "permanent resident" includes two types of people: (1) permanent residents of China and Hong Kong who have stayed in Hong Kong for at least three months in the six months before the reference point, or have stayed in Hong Kong for at least three months in the six months after the reference point, regardless of whether they are in Hong Kong, China at the time of the reference point; And (2) China Hong Kong non-permanent residents who were in China and Hong Kong at the time of enumeration. As for "floating residents", they refer to China and Hong Kong permanent residents who have stayed in Hong Kong for at least one month but less than three months in the six months before the reference point, or have stayed for at least one month but less than three months in the six months after the reference point, regardless of whether they are in Hong Kong, China or not. Although "floating residents" spend less time in Hong Kong than "permanent residents", they still maintain close ties with China and Hong Kong, and they are likely to have permanent residences in China and Hong Kong and use many facilities and services in China and Hong Kong, so they should still be regarded as part of the population of China and Hong Kong. The following are some descriptions of "floating residents": people who stay in China for five to six days a week and stay in China and Hongkong regularly on weekends. By the middle of 200 1 year, the number was about 56,300. These people mainly work in the mainland and return to Hong Kong for family reunion on weekends. People who spend most of their time in the Mainland or Macau and return to Hong Kong regularly but irregularly. 200 1 mid-year, about 75 100. It is believed that these people have residences in the Mainland/Macau and Hong Kong, China, and travel between China and Hong Kong and the Mainland/Macau from time to time for business, work and family reasons. About 8 300 elderly people (aged 60 or above) spend most of their time in the Mainland or Macau. Many of these people have retired and moved to the Mainland, but they will return to Hong Kong from time to time to visit their children or relatives. At school age, about16,400 people return to Hong Kong from overseas several times a year. These people are mainly students studying overseas and returning to Hong Kong for their holidays. In addition, some people living in overseas countries or regions will return to Hong Kong from time to time for business, work or family reasons. In mid-2001, there were about 26 500 such people. In the middle of 200 1 year, the total number of "floating residents" was about 65,438+082,600. The above figures are obtained by statistical calculation of entry and exit data. The calculation program is processed by the computer, and all the information about the personnel is anonymous, and their identities are absolutely confidential. Because there is no previous entry and exit record, the data series of "permanent population" can only provide population estimates at or after 1996. However, comparing the main statistical indicators of the population at a generalized time point in 1999 with the resident population, there is little difference between the two methods. Therefore, the series compiled by the old method before 1996 can generally be analyzed together with the new series. Advantages of changing from "generalized time point" method to "resident population" method The population estimation series up to 1995 was compiled according to "generalized time point" method. The population benchmark includes not only people who were in China and Hong Kong at the time of the census, but also Hong Kong residents in China who worked in the Mainland or Macau at the time of the census, and Hong Kong residents in China who usually lived in Hong Kong, China at the time of the census but left Hong Kong for a short trip to the Mainland or Macau. The information of these people is provided by their family members in China and Hongkong. The revision of the compilation method of China-Hong Kong population estimates is due to the limitations of the following "generalized time point" method: the trend of permanent residents of China and Hong Kong staying in the Mainland or Macao for a long time due to retirement, work or marriage is increasing. Because of work, traveling abroad or going to school, many residents will be overseas instead of China and Hongkong. Using the "point in time" method will make the population figure unstable and has limitations in reflecting the actual population. According to the definition of "generalized time point", visitors to China are included in the population. But strictly speaking, tourists are not part of the population of China. The generalized point-in-time method uses the difference between the number of arrivals and the number of departures. Due to the huge number of people who arrive and leave, the difference between them is sometimes very unstable, especially at the commonly used statistical time points, such as the end of June and the end of1February. For the "generalized time point" method and its limitations, readers can refer to paragraphs 2. 1 to 3.5 of a special article entitled "Revising the compilation method of population estimates in China and Hongkong" in the September 2000 issue of China Monthly Digest of Statistics. To sum up, there are several considerations for switching to the "resident population" method. Adopting the method of "resident population" can better reflect the changes in the living and floating patterns of China and Hongkong. Many countries and regions have gradually changed from the "point-in-time method" (that is, the method similar to that used in China and Hongkong) to the "resident population" method when compiling population estimates. China and Hongkong also followed this trend and adopted the method of "resident population". It is more appropriate to measure the population size of a place with the concept of "permanent population" in statistical theory. It has not been used before, mainly due to insufficient information. Generally speaking, it is more meaningful to use the concept of "resident population" when calculating various socio-economic statistical indicators (such as birth rate and death rate). At present, the computing power of the computer is greatly enhanced, and it can handle a large number of entry and exit data, thus calculating the number of "permanent residents" in statistics.

Both China and Hongkong people have to face the aging population. ...