Zhejiang C, why Jinhua?

Heart of Zhejiang

China Star

Jinhua must be one of the most poetic place names in China.

Unlike most cities named after mountains and rivers, the name Jinhua comes from the sky. This is where actress Wu and Venus compete for China. Whether it is the ancient "five continents" or today's "Jinhua", there is poetry from the starry sky.

The humanistic tradition here is deeply rooted in the heart of Zhejiang, and it is a well-deserved "heart of Zhejiang". However, "reputation upside down" has also become a prominent symbol of Jinhua. Locals often jokingly call Jinhua in Zhejiang, Yongkang in China, Hengdian in Asia and Yiwu in the world! But behind the joke, it is undeniable that it is really the talent and skill of Jin Chinese to make great achievements in small industries and have great dreams in small towns.

Jinhua is located in the geographical center of Zhejiang, with Hangzhou and Shaoxing in the north, Quzhou in the west, Taizhou in the east and Lishui in the south. It is the only city in Zhejiang Province that is neither coastal nor adjacent to provincial boundaries.

The location of the heart of Zhejiang has made Jinhua the "spokesperson" of Zhejiang landform. Zhejiang province is small in area, but it can be divided into six physical geographical units. Jinhua, with the strength of one city, spans four of them and becomes one of the regions with the richest landforms in Zhejiang.

The main rivers in central China pass through Jinqu Basin and are surrounded by small intermountain basins, such as Wuyi Basin and Yongkang Basin. These basins have become the main areas of urban development in central Zhejiang, where the urban areas and counties of the whole city are concentrated, giving birth to Jinhua, a famous historical city, Yiwu, the capital of small commodities, and Hengdian, Hollywood in Asia. ...

The northern part of Pujiang County belongs to the northwest Sun Yat-sen Mausoleum, where Huaxian Mountain is known as the "beautiful zone between heaven and earth", which is said to be the place where Xiu Yuan, the girl of Xuanyuan Huangdi, got her enlightenment.

The eastern part of Pan 'an County belongs to the eastern hilly area, and the Pan Da Mountains run through the north and south. "Looking at the waves in Haibei from a distance, you will believe the first peak in Jiangnan." Known as the ancestral mountain in eastern Zhejiang and the medicine valley in the south of the Yangtze River. It is not only a mountain that controls half of the province, but also an important producing area of five kinds of traditional Chinese medicines "Zhejiang Eight Flavors".

Wuyi County and the south of Yongkang City belong to the south of Zhongshan District, where Niutou Mountain is1560m above sea level, which is the highest peak in central Zhejiang.

The location of the heart of Zhejiang also makes Jinhua a classic representative of "seven mountains, one water and two fields" in Zhejiang.

Jinhua 10942 square kilometers, there are 208 peaks 1000 meters above. There are hidden karst landforms such as Shuanglong Cave and Xiachanghe River in Liu Dong Mountain under Jinhua and Lanxi Mountains. In the mountains of Yongkang, there is Danxia as hot as Yan Fang.

Wujiang River, Dongyang River, Wuyi River, Puyang River and many other rivers run through the mountains in central Zhejiang. Although it is not a big river, it also saves the trouble of a big flood. The precious basin bred by the river has become the "field division" intensively cultivated by Jinhua people, and the small platforms near the river in the basin have become the earliest land in Zhejiang that breeds the light of culture.

As early as more than 10,000 years ago, people began to build houses, make pottery and grow rice on a small highland called Shangshan by the Puyang River. Archaeological findings in 2005 proved that Shangshan was the earliest area where rice was planted artificially in the world, and it was one of the origins of rice culture in the world.

In this famous city of Zhejiang, Jinhua's sense of existence is far less than that of Hangzhou, Ningbo, Wenzhou and Shaoxing, but when it comes to cultural inheritance, this is the real light of Zhejiang.

Wannian Shangshan site is not only an important origin of rice culture, but also the remains of Shangshan culture named after it are all over the south-central part of Zhejiang, which opens the prelude to the origin of agriculture in the cultural history of Zhejiang and even East Asia.

In 20 19, a 9,000-year-old huanhao settlement was discovered at the Qiaotou site in Yiwu, which belongs to uphill culture. This is an important step from cave to basin in the history of human habitation. Painted pottery unearthed at Qiaotou site is one of the earliest remains of painted pottery in the world, and more archaeological discoveries have yet to be confirmed, which may even push the history of world winemaking from 6,000 years ago in Mesopotamia to 9,000 years ago in Shangshan culture.

Whether it is rice, painted pottery or wine-making, these achievements, which are inseparable from the soil, have laid a strong local tradition in Jinhua, and the "enterprise-level understanding" of the soil continues to blossom and bear fruit.

Later generations listed Wuzhou kiln as one of the six famous kilns in Tang Dynasty. Although it is not as famous as Zhejiang Yue Kiln, it does not lose its charm and leads the times: it is one of the earliest kilns in the world to exhibit underglaze brown decorative art, decorate the carcass with cosmetic soil and create a kiln change with opaque glaze.

This exquisite pursuit of decorative arts is a concentrated expression of the local customs in central Zhejiang. Since the Tang Dynasty, Dongyang woodcarving has ranked first among the four major woodcarvings in China, creating the "Baroque Age" of China people, which is the pinnacle of decorative arts of China residential buildings.

Since the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the "Dongyang Gang", represented by carpenters, masons and sculptors, has become one of the three major construction gangs with the same reputation as Xiangshan Gang and Ningbo Gang, and its influence is very extensive.

In fact, most of the famous Huizhou folk houses are from Dongyang Gang. Professor Shan Deqi from the School of Architecture of Tsinghua University believes that "the so-called Huizhou architecture originated from the traditional architectural skills of Dongyang. Most of Huizhou traditional houses in Ming and Qing Dynasties were built by Dongyang craftsmen. "

What's more, dongyang gang has become a powerful force in the construction of the palace. When the Forbidden City was rebuilt in Qing Dynasty, Dongyang Gang became an important main force. During the period of 1736- 1795 alone, more than 400 dongyang woodcarving artists were invited to Beijing. In 2007, the Palace Museum in Beijing copied a "Qianlong Throne" with 900 dragons carved on it, which was created by Huang Xiaoming, a woodcarving master in Dongyang.

Up to now, the "hometown of all kinds of workers" has been passed down, and the number of super-qualified construction enterprises in Dongyang still ranks first in counties and cities across the country.

Starting from the rice husk of Shangshan culture, it was Jinhua's "two fields" that made a wonderful food tradition.

There is no doubt that as long as you type "Jinhua" into anyone's brain in China, the first associative keyword that pops up must be "ham". As one of the three largest hams in the world, China people are both familiar and unfamiliar with Jinhua ham.

The so-called "familiarity" is of course that everyone has heard of this famous Jiangnan product, and it can be found from time to time in the works of literary gourmets such as Wang Zengqi, Liang Shiqiu and Jin Yong. But "strangeness" always goes hand in hand, and many people don't know the difference between "ham" and "ham sausage".

The real Jinhua ham is made by air-drying and fermenting the hind legs of the local pig "Liangtouwu" (a pig with black head and tail). This kind of pig leg is moderate in size, thin in skin, small in skeleton and full in heart, which is an ideal choice for making ham. Preference for "smelly, rotten, moldy and salty" is one of the important characteristics of Zhejiang cuisine, and Jinhua ham featuring fermentation is undoubtedly one of the classics.

Hanging a whole pig leg in a cool room is a common sight in many "old Jinhua" families, and Jinhua people who study and work abroad are often helpless-if they really want to send a whole pig leg to their classmates and colleagues, it must be the most smoked boy on campus or in the company.

Jinhua ham has a profound influence on China cooking. Let's talk about the recipe of honey juice, a famous dish of Zhejiang cuisine. The most important raw material is the cube of Jinhua ham. But apart from this extravagant practice of taking ham as the protagonist, the soul usage of Jinhua ham is often fresh. The other two cuisines in China, which are famous for their delicacies, have won the essence: Jinhua ham with soup basically constitutes the bottom taste of Cantonese cuisine and Huaiyang cuisine. So, even if you think you haven't eaten Jinhua ham, you may have tried it in other cuisines.

Cao Xueqin's Dream of Red Mansions is an encyclopedia of ancient aristocratic life. Among them, there are more than ten kinds of famous ham dishes, such as stewed elbow with ham, Luohan climbing over the wall, fresh bamboo shoots and ham soup. Because it was so delicious, it was scalded by impatient Jia Baoyu. In the Ming Dynasty, Zhang Dai was well versed in the scenery in the south of the Yangtze River and praised Jinhua ham, which was named after Jinhua. Coral is soft as meat, amber is bright and fat, which makes people drool.

In addition to ham being crowned Jinhua, there are also famous local foods to be proud of, such as Jinhua shortbread, shortbread with dried plum meat as filling, and the combination of Jinhua ham as filling. Jinhua baozi stuffed with juicy pork, also known as "the first point of Jinhua", is the best in southern baozi stuffed with juicy pork.

Another uniqueness of Jinhua cuisine lies in its preference for pasta. Although it is the earliest place to grow rice in the world, Jinhua people are also full of creativity in pasta, which can be called Zhejiang version of "Little Shanxi".

In Pujiang County in the north, a snack called "Mi Ping Pa" is popular. Small dough is crawled, squeezed and rolled into small spaghetti in the shape of a cat's ear. "One side" is also very popular in PanZhou Jiacun, the same county. It has long been a routine operation in the village to pull a noodle hundreds of meters long with dozens of kilograms of flour.

Yongkang meat wheat cake is popular in Yongkang city in the south, Lanxi people eat chicken gizzards, Dongyang people like to lie down, and all kinds of pasta are very different. Jinhua people have eaten a wheat road with Zhejiang characteristics. This is also related to the fact that several northern immigrants brought the pasta tradition of the Central Plains to the hinterland of the south of the Yangtze River since the Eastern Jin Dynasty.

Penshan and local folk customs complement each other, and Jinhua, who is good at it, is actually not the main force of Zhejiang's economic development. Therefore, there is no central city in central Zhejiang, but small and medium-sized towns have changed from generation to generation.

The location of the heart of Zhejiang has made Jinhua an important transportation hub in Zhejiang very early. Historically, Jinhua was the only way to connect southern Zhejiang and northern Zhejiang, and the traffic and business models of different times also contributed to the rise of different regional centers.

In the waterway era, Jinhua River and Qujiang River merged in Lanxi to form Lanjiang River, which is the largest tributary of Qiantang River. Lanxi, which goes hand in hand with land and water, once became the most important industrial city in central Zhejiang. 70% of Jinhua's industry and more than 50% of its fiscal revenue are concentrated in this land and water hub, making it the first county-level city in Zhejiang with fiscal revenue exceeding 100 million. 1985 became the first county-level city in Zhejiang.

In the railway era, Jinhua was the intersection of zhejiang-jiangxi railway and Jinwen Railway and became the most important railway hub in Zhejiang except Hangzhou, the provincial capital.

The construction of Jin-Wen Railway has distinctive Zhejiang characteristics: this artery connecting central and southern Zhejiang once had "seven ups and eight downs, discussion without decision". Finally, it was completed and opened to traffic at 1998 under the auspices of Zhejiang scholar Nan, which became the first joint-stock local railway in China and initiated the introduction of foreign capital to build local railways. Very "Zhejiang spirit", promoted by literati and operated by folk forces.

In addition to making good use of the existing geographical conditions, Jinhua people are better at breaking through the shackles of natural geography. The vigorous development of small and medium-sized towns here is inseparable from the spirit of the times-Jinhua's road to breaking the situation is particularly wonderful.

Due to the small population and lack of materials, the limited basin can not raise such a dense population, and Jinhua's commercial spirit has become a beacon to break through the farming era.

As early as 1960 Yiwu No.23, some people smelled the breath of small profits, and established the trading mode of the first generation of small commodities through the form of "chicken feathers for sugar". Even under the critical attack of "speculation" and "capitalist tail", it still maintained a fresh vitality.

Everyone knows the later story. Yiwu, which started with chicken feathers for sugar, has been iteratively updated since the reform and opening up, and now it has become the world's largest small commodity trading center. In Yiwu market, it is not unusual for small shop vendors who master many foreign languages. Authentic Central Asian cuisine, Turkish cuisine and even Lebanese cuisine can also be eaten in the streets and alleys.

In 2020, 1399 new European trains will cross Eurasia, accounting for 1 1.3% of the total number of trains in Central Europe. Almost 40% of the passengers in Yiwu Airport are foreign tourists, even surpassing the North, Guangzhou and Shenzhen, ranking first in the national airports.

The internationalization of Yiwu has become the most magical modern story in Zhejiang, and the order volume and the direction of goods have even become important parameters for studying the international situation. In international events thousands of miles away, such as the American election and the World Cup, the "Yiwu Index" has become an important reference.

Yiwu may be the most famous county-level city in China, but in addition, all counties and towns in Jinhua are also martial arts experts.

Hengdian in Dongyang is known as Hollywood in Asia. The street troupe performance here may be able to talk to you about stanislavski or Brecht. Noon Sunshine, rooted in Dongyang, has frequently exploded TV dramas, such as Nirvana in Ningmin Town and Love of Parents. Yongkang's hardware, Dongyang's construction engineering and Pujiang's crystal all have a significant leading position in the industry.

Even in the challenging Internet era, Jinhua can take the lead: among the top ten cross-border e-commerce counties and cities in Zhejiang Province, Jinhua occupies half of the country, while Yiwu and Yongkang rank first and second. According to the data released by the State Post Bureau, Jinhua, with its powerful private enterprises and even a traditional commercial center in Guangzhou, ranks first in the national urban express delivery business.

Small town C is not enough to describe today's Jinhua-Jinyi metropolitan area with no obvious geographical advantages, which is becoming the fourth pole of Zhejiang, along with Hangzhou, Ningbo and Wenzhou, leading Zhejiang to participate in global competition.

In the small village next to "Erfentian", some people hung ham, some lit kiln fires, and some carved an imaginary ideal world. This ideal world:

This is a trench guarded by an ancient house.

It's a handful of rice in the field,

It's a local building and smells of food.

This is a commercial market in Wuyinza.

This is a strange film and television city.

It is a ubiquitous hardware store in daily life. ...

This is not only the gift of natural conditions, but also the myth of "making something out of nothing" written by Jin Chinese who broke through geographical restrictions.

In the heart of Zhejiang, the shining light of "China Star" is enough to light up the world!

-End-

Wen | A person who loves Jinhua

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Photo Editor: Wang Jiale

Map editor Wu Pan

Fengtu Photography vision china

reference data

Lao Haiming's Exploration of Wuzhou Kiln

State Post Bureau "The State Post Bureau announces the operation of postal industry in 2020"

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