Why was the Qing Dynasty carved up? The world pattern before, during and after the Qing Dynasty.

The Qing Dynasty, or Manchu Dynasty, was the last unified feudal dynasty in China. 16 16 years, Nuerhachi, the leader of Jianzhou Jurchen, was established. 1636, Huang taiji changed his country name to Daqing. Finally, in February of 19 12, 12, the Qing emperor Puyi abdicated, and * * * passed on 12, enjoying the country for 296 years.

As the last dynasty in history, the Qing Dynasty's praise and criticism and its controversy have never stopped in history, literature, official or folk. Because it is a dynasty with unprecedented achievements in traditional society, it is also a dynasty with serious loss of sovereignty and territory. It is an era of remarkable achievements in modernization reform, and it is also an era of closed doors.

Next, I will analyze the Qing Dynasty from the world pattern at the beginning, middle and end of the Qing Dynasty.

The world pattern before, during and after the Qing Dynasty

TOP 1: Early Qing Dynasty:

Japan was a feudal period in the Tokugawa era.

Korea was the feudal period of Lee's Korea.

India was the heyday of the Wormall dynasty.

Note: All the above are feudal dynasties, except for the land area, which is not much different from that of the Qing Dynasty.

In the early days of the British bourgeois revolution, revolutionaries were ready to overthrow the feudal dynasty.

France was the period of absolute monarchy of Bourbon dynasty; There are several multi-ethnic dynasties of principalities in Europe.

The Netherlands began to become independent and quickly established a business empire after independence.

Spain and Portugal dominate the world and have many colonies.

In the heyday of Ottoman Turkish Empire, its influence touched three continents: Asia, Europe and Africa.

What? America? ! It is purely a colony in the early days of immigration. In the eastern region, whites began to live together, while in the central and western regions, it is still primitive and Indians are scattered.

Note: Europe, led by Britain, has begun to sprout capitalism. Europe has the most powerful navy in the world, bullying the weak everywhere and starting trade colonization. At that time, the Qing Dynasty had not yet begun to completely close its doors to the outside world, but it was surrounded by feudal vassal states and had the idea of going to China, and it simply looked down on "foreign Russia". As everyone knows, although Europe at that time was still dominated by cold weapons, it had begun to prepare for the further popularization of muskets and artillery; At that time, only the remaining "Hony Gun" in the Qing Dynasty, the main weapons were broadswords and spears.

TOP2: Mid-Qing Dynasty (prosperous time of Kanggan):

After the war of Guanyuan, Japan was finally unified and embarked on the road of closed doors.

Korea was still in the feudal period, holding China's thigh.

India is still in the humorous dynasty, but it is already a divided empire.

Britain tried to sell opium to China, but failed; The British empire is becoming stronger and stronger.

Louis XIV of France tried to make France the largest country in Europe.

Spain and Portugal are gradually weakening, but their military strength, especially the navy, is more than enough than that of the Qing Dynasty.

Ing appeared in the Netherlands, and merchant ships monopolized half of the world trade.

The development of Ottoman Turkish Empire has reached its peak and started to decline.

Note: With the promulgation of 1689 British Bill of Rights, this country has experienced a revolution for half a century. This revolution completely swept away the feudal forces in the country, and Britain began to go to the world, opening the way to dominate the world. Subsequently, France and other European countries successively carried out the first and second industrial revolutions, and began to fully equip muskets and artillery, expanding colonization and arrogance. However, at this time, I still don't know what the huge national foundation of the Qing Dynasty is, and I dare not go to war easily. At this time, if the Qing dynasty catches up with the industrial revolution, it is expected to rise. However, it is sad that the Qing dynasty began to completely close its doors to the outside world. . .

TOP3: Late Qing Dynasty (Guangxu period of Cixi):

Japan 1868 65438+ 10 Japan completed the capitalist industrialization road that western capitalist countries took about 200 years to complete in less than 50 years through the Meiji Restoration Movement. The great powers were carrying the meat of Qing dynasty, but they didn't find this grandson learning from them. After the Sino-Japanese War 1895, treaty of shimonoseki was signed with the Qing government. Because of its rise, it didn't. After the modern war of aggression against China, this guy choked up, and now it's virtue! Unforgiven ING! ! !

During the feudal period, Japan rose slightly, and North Korea was the first target of bullying.

India was messed up by the great powers.

1842 After Britain forced the Qing government to sign the treaty of nanking, western powers took advantage of the fish in troubled waters and forced the Qing government to sign a series of unequal treaties. Since then, China has become a semi-colonial and semi-feudal society.

Other European countries are also quietly carrying out the industrial revolution, and the border between Russia and Europe has also begun to rise quietly.

190 1 year, the Qing government of China signed the Treaty of Sorrow and Ugliness with Britain, the United States, Japan, Russia, France, Germany, Italy, Austria-Hungary, Belgium, Spain and the Netherlands, which was an unequal treaty with the largest amount of compensation, the most serious loss of sovereignty and the deepest spiritual humiliation in the modern history of China, and brought unprecedented losses to the people of China. It indicates that the Qing government headed by Empress Dowager Cixi has been willing to be a "foreigner's court". Since then, the Qing government has completely become a tool for capital and imperialist powers to rule China. Its signing indicates that China has completely become a semi-colonial and semi-feudal society.

Conclusion: this is indeed a painful history, and you will be beaten if you fall behind. Some people may ask, why can't China be industrialized at that time? The industrial revolution was not built in a day, and the western powers at that time stood out after more than 200 years of gestation. This is an earth-shaking change involving ideology, technology, art and political system. At the end of the Qing Dynasty, China society was forced to be under the artillery fire of western powers at the initial stage of thought, and the whole society and the whole country were completely unprepared. "Learning from foreigners to control foreigners" was also doomed to be a tragedy in the big environment at that time. At the beginning of the late Qing Dynasty, China was an endgame, a weak country and a strong enemy. Sober people are willing to do things beyond their power, but ignorant people are keen to see the same scene as "blood steamed bread" The reform of hot weapons and the failure of Westernization Movement were all due to the paralysis of decadent rule. The long-term foolish rule of the authorities has led to the backwardness of the whole country from system to military, and the ignorance of the whole nation from top to bottom. So sad! ! !