Li Zicheng died in Jiugong Mountain, Tongshan Mountain. Which is more credible, Tongshan Theory and Jiashan Theory of Zen Hidden Mountain Temple in Li Zicheng?

1 and 1956, Guo Moruo personally cancelled the inscription on the tombstone of Li Zicheng in Tongcheng, supporting the Tongshan theory.

2. 1988, the tomb of Li Zicheng in Jiugongshan, Tongshan County was announced as a national cultural relics protection unit, and the "Tongshan Theory" almost became a conclusion.

3. Tongzhi's Tongshan County Records records: "Li Chuang's tomb is in Niujiling, Jiugongshan. In the second year of Shunzhi, the thief defeated Xiaoyuankou and was buried here. "

4. The genealogy of Cheng's family in Tongshan records: "In the first year of Shunzhi, Cheng Jiubo applied to suppress the thief Li Yan in Niujiling, and presented the thief's first pearl helmet dragon robe at the gate of the provincial governor's army ..."

5. According to legend, during the Daoguang period, a farmer in Niujiling dug up a pair of bronze stirrups decorated with double dragon balls while hoeing the ground, which was considered as a relic of Chu Zhuangwang. Yao, a famous writer, also thinks that the dragon is a symbol of imperial power. No one dares to use the bronze stirrup of the Pearl of Ssangyong except the emperor.

6, Tongshan folk collection of Li Zicheng sword, this is one of the hard evidence. In addition, there are the same records in "Little Knowledge of the Emperor" and "Waste Books".

However, after textual research, neither Ma stirrup nor Li Zicheng's sword is evidence that Li Zicheng died in Jiugong Mountain, Tongshan, and there are also omissions in the records of Cheng's genealogy.

"jiashan theory"

1. It is said that Li Zicheng fled to Jiashan Temple in Shimen County, Hunan Province as a monk. There is a stone pagoda in the temple, on which the four characters "Yu Monk" are written. Experts believe that "jade monk" is a secret and meaningful statement, and this jade monk did not explain his identity. Some people think that this Feng Tianyu monk is Li Zicheng. In the sixteenth year of Chongzhen in Ming Dynasty, Li Zicheng was called "Marshal Fengtian Chongyi" and later "Xinshun King", and "Fengtian Jade" was covered up by "Fengtian Heavenly King".

2. During the Qianlong period, He Lin, the magistrate of Lizhou, made a field trip to Jiashan. He met a 70-year-old man who works in Feng Tianyu and has a Shaanxi accent. He told He Lin that he came to the temple in the early years of Shunzhi and took out his portrait, "Xiao resembles Li Zicheng", and He Lin also wrote "Biography of Li Zicheng".

3. The marks written by the tomb and its children are consistent with those written by He Phosphorus, and they are considered to be Li Zicheng's nephew. The stone tablets unearthed from the jade tomb in Fengtian are very similar to those buried in Mizhi's local traditional customs. This symbol tablet has not been found in other local tombs in Shimen.

4. In terms of cultural relics, following the discovery of the Tomb of Jade in Fengtian, the Incomplete Book of Plum Blossom Poems and the Tombstone of Ye Fu, Mr. Zhou, a historian and collector in Changde, Hunan Province and a member of China Collectors Association, visited Jiashan Temple many times to collect 33 relics of Li Zicheng, the leader of the peasant uprising in the late Ming Dynasty. Among them, there are 30 bronze bells of "Xi 'an Wang", 2 coins of "Yongchang Bao Tong", and iron of Nanming Longwu Second Year 1 piece. The second year of Longwu was the second year of the "joint Qing Dynasty" between Li Zicheng Peasant Army and Nanming in Changde area. This year's title is cast on Tieqing, indicating that the "anti-Qing alliance" has achieved fruitful results. After a year of tenacious anti-Qing struggle, Changde area is still under the control of Nanming and Li Zicheng peasant army. This kind of iron running-in with two years of Longwu is an important material evidence.

5. Judging from the situation at that time, Li Zicheng Dashun Army needed to avoid the contradiction with Nanming, and it was completely in line with historical logic to unite Nanming to resist the Qing Dynasty. In fact, Dashun Army did successfully unite Nanming to resist the Qing Dynasty. The two-year iron exhaustion of Longwu in Wuling Treasures by Mr. Zhou, a member of China Collectors Association, shows that the "anti-Qing alliance" is effective and an important material evidence.

Therefore, priority should be given to the end-result of Biography of Li Zicheng and Zen Hidden Mountain Temple in Li Zicheng.