The National History and Changes of the Willat People

/kloc-In the 3rd century, Mongolians in the west were enemies of Mongolians in the east of Genghis Khan Empire. In the following centuries, the Mongols in the west formed an alliance and called it Siweilat, hence the name of the Willat people. The Qing Dynasty was divided into four parts: Dorbod, Junggar, Turhut and Heshuote. /kloc-After the 6th century, the activity center of Uighur League moved to Xinjiang. The most powerful in the alliance is the Junggar Department. Junggar defeated the Turks and forced them to move westward. It also annexed the Heshuo department. Basically unified Willat Mongolia. They established their own political power and created their own writing. And established its own legal system (Willa Code). Improve grazing methods, manage agriculture and handicrafts, and use foreign technology to develop cashmere industry and metal manufacturing industry. At that time, Junggar's economy was developed and its population increased. At that time, the Junggar khanate was also the most powerful country in Central Asia. Galdan, the leader, challenged the Qing Dynasty twice, though both were defeated and died. However, the Qing Dynasty, which defeated galdan, could not go deep into the hinterland of Junggar. Galdin's nephew tricked Alabo Tan into taking Khan's position.

The reign of Alabotan and his son Gadan Cilin (1698- 1745) was the heyday of Junggar khanate, covering Xinjiang, Qinghai, western Mongolia and other vast areas and defeating the Qing army several times. 1745, Gerdan Cilin died, and his son Cilin Dozner Muzale succeeded to the throne, known as Azhan in history. He was young and absurd, ignored government affairs, and imprisoned his sister Ilan Bajad, who managed the country for himself. As a result, his brother-in-law, Sainbock, secretly established Azhan's half-brother, Lama Darzat, killed Azhan, and the khanate fell into years of civil strife. 1752, Dawaq, the grandson of Alabo Tan, the founding father of Junggar Khanate, conspired to plot against Amur Sana 'a, Tan's grandson, and finally eliminated the forces of Sayingbok and Lama Darzat. Davatchi's self-reliance as Khan aroused the dissatisfaction of Amur Sana 'a. 1755, Amur Sana 'a went to the Qing court and attacked Junggar khanate as a guide. Davatchi led the army to resist, and the number of battles varied greatly. At this point, the once powerful Junggar khanate perished in internal troubles and foreign invasion, and survived for 1 15 years.

Unique, a series of East Mongols with Genghis Khan are sometimes allies and sometimes enemies. Some western Mongolians still stay at home, either in Junggar or in western Mongolia. Another part of Huirat Alliance, including all or part of Torgut, Huoshute, Dolbet and other tribes, moved across southern Siberia to the south of Wula Mountain in the early17th century, and then moved from there to the lower reaches of the Wawa River. 177 1 year, people living on the left bank of the wowa river, that is, Hedong, returned to China; On the right bank, kalmyk, including modern Turkutians, Durbots and Buzavas, stayed in Russia. This long-established tribe has different names in different historical periods. It was called Hanyirati in Yuan Dynasty, Wala in Ming Dynasty, and Elut, Elut or West Mongolia and Moxi Mongolia in Qing Dynasty. It's called kalmyk abroad. In the late Ming and early Qing Dynasties, Weilate Mongolia was divided into four tribes: Heshuote, Junggar, Dorbert and Turkut. The change of "regional position" and "humanistic position" of Weilat Mongolia has led to the change of social culture of Weilat Mongolia. The evolution and regional development of Weilat Mongolian culture are closely related to the migration behavior of Weilat Mongolia in history. In the process of migration, the Mongols in Weilat were influenced by natural conditions and their own social processes, and formed their own cultural characteristics and social attributes. It goes without saying that the migration of the Mongols in Huilat started at the same time as the history of the Mongols in Huilat. The population migration in the history of Weilat Mongolia is huge and widely distributed. Judging from the historical facts of its large-scale and long-distance population movement and residence in foreign countries, it can be said that the Mongols in Weilat are not only immigrants in the history of China, but also have the nature of international immigrants.

Looking at the migration process of the Mongols at home and abroad, we can see that the Mongols at Huilat experienced a long-distance and long-term migration process, becoming political immigrants, military immigrants and survival immigrants, living in the northwest of the motherland and living abroad. Migration, as one of the important factors, has promoted the formation of methods and values for understanding and transforming nature in different physical geography and ecological environments, that is, its cultural process has created its multicultural form and international cross-cultural characteristics, promoted the social process of the Uilat Mongols, and drastically changed their social organization, class division, social stratification, power structure and ethnic affiliation, showing the phenomenon of multi-ethnic affiliation of the descendants of the Uilat Mongols, resulting in different countries and different countries.

In the long migration process, the Mongols in Weilat experienced the differentiation in different periods of Yuan, Ming and Qing. According to the research results of relevant scholars, we can see that in the historical evolution of the long-term migration and separation of the Mongols in Weilat, the development process of the Mongols in Weilat has been divided into 4,000 households since Genghis Khan.

The origin of the name of Swarat: These 4,000 households are the early Swarat. Starting from the foreign war of Genghis Khan and his successors in the13rd century, after 30 years of war between Alibaba brothers and Haidu and long-term infighting in the Northern Yuan Dynasty, an alliance was formed. This alliance has gone through three stages, namely, the senior Wei La, Wei La Khan, and the junior Wei La. "And because of its transnational migration, it has formed a branch of transnational heterogeneous development. It can be said that the Mongols after Weilat are no longer pure so-called early swimming and stabbing people. Through close contact with different ethnic groups, under the influence of the interaction between their own ethnic groups and the social culture of their countries, the Mongolian people in Weilat absorbed different ethnic groups, and their social culture was adjusted and integrated, becoming a group with great cultural integration. Obviously, the migration and identity of the Mongols in Weilat played a vital role in the social and cultural changes.