Hakka distribution

Main entry: 20 1 1 Hakka area According to the informal conservative statistics of relevant guest organizations, the population of foreign guests in China is about120,000, and the population of Hakkas in Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan is about 6 million (including the Hakkas in Hong Kong (about1250,000) and Macau (about 654.38+10,000). Distributed in more than 80 countries and regions, there are hundreds of guest clubs. There are also Hakkas in Shaanxi, Jiangsu (about 20,000 people), Anhui (about 20,000 people), Hubei, Guizhou and Xinjiang (5,000 people). List of Hakka distribution in the world: the country or region where the Hakka population belongs; The province to which the Hakkas belong; The country or region to which the Hakkas belong; Malaysia 1 0.5 million US 300,000 Indonesia 8 million Canada 1 10,000 Thailand110,000 Peru 200,000 Singapore 400,000 Guyana 7000. Philippines 0.68 million Cuba 0.865438+ Vietnam 0.30 million Brazil 0.24 million Myanmar 0.065438+ Cambodia 0.5438+ Dominica 0./Kloc-0.20 million India 0.065438+ Laos 0.5 million Chile 0./Kloc-0.20 million sand. Special Arabia 0.22 million Argentina 0.5 million Japan10.5 million Ecuador 0.2 million Brunei 0.9 million Suriname 0.4 1.2 million Pakistan 0.2 million Venezuela 0.24 million Nepal 0. 1.6 million Sri Lanka 0.0 1.7 million Jamaica 80,000 Kuwait 0. .017000 Europe, Britain, 18000 North Korea, 1000 France, 50000 South Korea, 20000 Germany, 12000 Turkey, 80000 Netherlands, Bangladesh, 0500 Russia,/kloc. 50,000 Norway 03,000 Reunion 65,438+8,000 Italy 65,438+0,000 Madagascar 02,000 Switzerland 65,438+0,000 Mozambique 03,000 Belgium 02,000 Nigeria 05,000 Portugal 06,000 Sierra Leone 06,000 Sweden 24,000 Zambia 00 6 Former Yugoslavia. 0.24 million Ghana 0.02 million Czech 0.010.065438 Kenya 0.0 1.05 million Austria Democratic Republic of the Congo 0.02 million Iceland 0.010.02 million Wanangora 0.02 million Spain 0.05 million Seychelles 0.2 million Luxembourg 0.2 million Oceania Australia about 80,000 Remarks: Household distribution of overseas customers Source: It is conservatively estimated that there are 45,624,290 Hakkas at home and abroad, including 410.78 million in China (including Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan).

There are about 6.5438+0.2 million Hakkas living in Oceania, which are distributed in 654.38+065.438+0 countries and regions. Among them, there are about 80,000 people in Australia, mainly living in Melbourne, Sydney, New South Wales, Victoria, South Australia, Perth and Australia. In addition, there are Hakkas living in Tahiti (also translated as Tahiti, belonging to the French Overseas Department, with about 25,000 Hakkas), Fiji, New Zealand, Solomon Islands, Marshall Islands, Papua New Guinea, Lurui and Western Samoa.

As for the Hakka in Guangdong, there are no Hakka villages in Shanwei, Nan 'ao, Chenghai, Shunde, Wuchuan and Jiangcheng districts, while others have different proportions of Hakka villages. Among them, Meizhou, Heyuan, Huizhou, Shenzhen (Longgang District, Yantian District and Baoan District), Shaoguan, Jiexi County, Luhe County, Yingde and Lianjiang are mainly Hakkas. The distribution of Hakka counties (cities, districts) in Guangdong is divided into Meijiang District, Meixian District, Xingning, Jiaoling, Pingyuan, Tai Po, Wuhua, Fengshun 84% Heyuan Yuancheng District, Heping, Li Anping, Longchuan, Dongyuan County, Zhangmutou Town 100%, Qingxi Town 80% and Fenggang Town 3. Longmen 29% Shenzhen Longgang District (including Pingshan New District), Yantian District, Baoan District (including Longhua New District), Nanshan District, Luohu District, Futian District Shaoguan Xinfeng, Wengyuan, Renhua, Shixing, Ruyuan, qujiang district, Zhenjiang District, Wujiang District, Nanxiong, Lechang Qingyuan Yingde 64%, Liannan, Yangshan, etc. Huadu District 1/3, Conghua District, Baiyun District 7%, Tianhe District, Yuexiu District, Panyu District Jieyang Jiexi, Puning, Jiedong District (110) Shantou Chaoyang District, Shanwei Chaonan District Liuhe 100%, Lufeng and Haifeng. Xinxing County Maoming Huazhou, Xinyi, Dianbai District, Gaozhou 15% Weak Yangjiang Yangchun13, Yangxi (represented by Tangkou Town), Lianjiang in Zhanjiang in Yangdong, municipal districts (8.96%), Suixi (2.3%), Xuwen in Leizhou and Zhaoqing/KLOC-. Guangning 9.45%, Nanhai District, Sanshui District and Gaoming District of Foshan such as Fengkai, Deqing, Huaiji Jiangmen Heshan, Taishan, Xinhui District, Pengjiang, Kaiping, Enping Zhuhai Xiangzhou District, Jinwan District, Doumen District Zhongshan Wuguishan, Nanlang, Sanxiang, Shenwan and Tanzhou.

The number of Hakka people in Jiangxi is second only to that in Guangdong, but the number of Hakka people in Ganzhou is 8.8 million (at the end of 20 12), accounting for more than 95% of the total population of Ganzhou, ranking first in the world. Among them, there are 16 pure Hakka counties (cities) in Jiangxi, which is known as the "cradle of Hakka" in the world. Hakka counties (urban areas) in Jiangxi Province are divided into Zhanggong, Nankang, Ganxian, Shangyou, Dayu, Chongyi, Anyuan, Longnan, Quannan, Dingnan, Ningdu, Du Yu, Xingguo, Ruijin, Huichang, Xunwu, Shicheng, Xinfeng Ji 'an Suichuan (2/3) and Jinggangshan (40%).

Hakka people in Guangxi are originally from Hakka areas in Guangdong, Fujian and Jiangxi. They use Hakka dialect as their mother tongue and agree with Hakka history and culture. At the latest, Hakkas settled in Guangxi in the Song Dynasty. Except for quanzhou county, xing an, Ziyuan County and Fengshan County of Hechi City, Guilin City is all distributed with a population of about 6 million (20 13). There are 65,438+million Hakka people in various counties and cities in Guangxi, including Nanning, Binyang Liuzhou, Liucheng Laibin Xingbin Hezhou Babu, Zhaoping Yulin, Luchuan, Bobai, Beiliu Guigang, Guiping, Pingnan Beihai Hepu Qinzhou, Pubei and Lingshan Fangchenggang.

Fujian Hakkas are distributed in Longyan, Sanming, Zhangzhou and Nanping.

Longyan City is an important place where Hakkas form and gather, and 80% of the population in the city are Hakkas. Tingzhou (Changting), a famous historical and cultural city in China, is known as the "Hakka Capital" and Tingjiang is the "Hakka Mother River". Residents with 54 surnames moved to Taiwan Province Province. Among the 5 million Hakkas in Taiwan Province Province, there are more than 700,000 whose ancestral home is Longyan. Overseas Chinese and compatriots from Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan have accumulated more than 6.5438+0.2 million. Hu Wenhu, Wu Boxiong and other celebrities and politicians have their ancestral homes in Longyan.

There are hundreds of thousands of Hakkas in Nanjing, Pinghe, Xiao Yun, Zhao 'an and other counties in Zhangzhou City, who use Hakka dialect influenced by Zhangzhou dialect.

There are more than 200,000 Hakkas in Nanping, and Shunchang has the largest distribution, with about 57,000 people. In all previous Hakka migrations, northwest Fujian has always been an important transit place and residence. There are still many Hakka people living in Wuyishan ruins and surrounding counties and cities such as Nanping, Shunchang and Shaowu, and there are a large number of Hakka cultural relics in the territory. The Tiangong (formerly Tingzhou Hall) located in Wuyishan Scenic Area is a typical example. The representative accent of Hakka population in Hakka County (urban area) in Fujian Province represents the Yongding dialect in Changting County, Longyan County, and the Yongding dialect in Yongding County. Shanghang County does not include the Shanghang dialect in Buyun Township, Gutian Town, Yang Jiao, and the Gujiao dialect in Buyun Township, Gutian Town, Dānlín (Gutian piece) and the Gujiao dialect in Yangjiao Town (Yang Jiao piece). The zhongshan town part of Wuping dialect in Wuping County and a small part of Chengxiang Town are1. Note: Zhangping dialect belongs to Fujian language family, but influenced by Hakka dialect, it has the characteristics of transition from Minnan dialect to Hakka dialect. There are 1.24 million people in Wan 'an Town, xinluo district, nearly 1.400 people in Jiangshan Town of Wan 'an Dialect, 5,000 people in Dachi Town, more than 2,000 people in Yingchi Town and Moderate Town of Meixian County, unknown in Hongfang Town, unknown in Dongxiao Street and unknown in Longmen Street of Deng Zihui. Note: Longyan dialect is characterized by the transition from Minnan dialect to Hakka dialect. Note: The number of Hakka speakers in Longyan area is 654.38+0.792 million (ending at 654.38+0.985), and the number of Minnan speakers is 590,000. Huang Shen in Ninghua dialect of Ninghua county, Sanming, Xiafang and Fengxi townships of Mingxi county, Yi Bingshou of Qingliu county, etc.

Yong 'an (mainly in Jiangle County), Hakka dialect island in Jiangle County

Thousands of Hakka dialect islands, such as Guangping Town and taoyuan town in Datian County, such as Wu Fang, Qiaotou and Zuoba in Luofang Township of Momo Town, are dominated by Shaxian Minzhong dialect, while Taining County Hakka dialect islands are dominated by Fujian and Jiangxi dialect. Hakka Dialect Island in Zhongcun Township, Meilie District Chen Dazhen Hakka Dialect Island in the west Zhangzhou Pinghe County in the west Nanjing County in the north Zhao 'an County Yunxiao County Nanping Shunchang County Chengguan Town and other Hakka Dialect Islands have 57,000 people (2009) Note: the northwest is the transitional zone of Min dialect, Hakka dialect and Gan dialect; The southeast is the northern Fujian dialect area. 4 Hakka dialect islands such as Maodang Town in Yanping District Note: Most of them are northern Fujian dialect areas, while the urban areas and Xiqin Town are northern Fujian dialect areas. Shaowu Min 'an Dialect Area Wuyishan Minbei Dialect Area Guangze County Min 'an Dialect Area Pucheng County Zhongxin Town Hakka Dialect Island Ningde Fuan Shekou Town Hakka Dialect Island Fuding Panxi Town and Diantou Town Hakka Dialect Island

According to the definition of "Hakka Basic Law": "Those who have Hakka ancestry or origin and identify themselves as Hakka." 20 1 1 year, the Hakkas in Taiwan Province Province account for 18. 1% of the total population in Taiwan Province Province, about 4197,000 people, including 7 1.6% in Hsinchu County and 64.6% in Miaoli County. Followed by Taoyuan County 39.2%, Hualien County 3 1.7%, hsinchu city 30. 1%, Pingtung County 23.7%, Taitung County 19.9%, Taichung City 16.4% and Taipei City/kloc-0. Kaohsiung City is 1 1.6%, Keelung City is 10.0% (3 1 10,000), and the proportion of other counties and cities is lower than 10% (Chiayi City is 8.7%, 24,000; Yilan County 8.5%, 39,000; Yunlin County: 8 1%, 58,000; Changhua County 5.7%, 74,000; Tainan City 5.4%,10.10000; Lianjiang county 5.2%, 0. 1 ten thousand; Penghu County 2.5%, 2000; Kinmen county 1.5%, 0. 1 ten thousand). The counties and cities with the largest Hakka population are Taoyuan County (785,000), New Taipei City (549,000) and Taichung City (436,000). The key development areas of Hakka culture in Taiwan Province Province are divided into Wuxin Township (77%), Yangmei City (68%), Pingzhen City (59%), Longtan Township (59%), Zhongli City (57%), Guanyin Township (48%), da yuan xiang (26%) and Beipu Township (99) in Hsinchu County. Zhudong Town (78%), Baoxiang Mountain (76%), Hukou Township (75%), Xinfeng Township (66%), Zhubei City (57%), hsinchu city East District (37%), Xiangshan District (27%) and Guangong Township of Miaoli County (9 1%). Sanyi Township (8 1%), Shitan Township (79%), Zhuolan Town (79%), Toufen Town (78%), Zaoqiao Township (77%), Xihu Township (76%) and Taian Township (4 1%). Xinmai Township (54%), Wanluan Township (49%), Changzhi Township (43%), Gaoshu Township (42%), Jiadong Township (465,438+0%), Chishang Township (43%) and Guanshan Town, Taidong County (465,438+0%)

Hong kong Hakka

Hakka is one of the four major ethnic groups of the indigenous inhabitants of the New Territories in Hong Kong. Hakka areas in Hong Kong include Southern District, Tsuen Wan District, Yuen Long District, Tuen Mun District, Kwai Tsing District, North District, Tai Po District and Sai Kung District. However, many Hakkas in Hong Kong have integrated into the life of Guangfu people because they work or go to school in the urban areas. Hakka areas in Hong Kong have been reduced to villages in the New Territories.

Macao Hakka

The survey results show that the Hakka population in Macao exceeds 654.38+10,000 (2065.438+03), accounting for about one fifth of the total population in Macao.

Sichuan Hakka

Sichuan is one of the five Hakka provinces (regions) in China, with a population of about 3 million, most of whom are descendants of old immigrants from Guangdong, Fujian and Jiangxi in the early Qing Dynasty. The main sources of Sichuan Hakkas are Fujian, Guangdong and Jiangxi, and their roots are in the Central Plains. Longquanyi District is the most concentrated area of Sichuan Hakkas. Since the migration movement of "Huguang filling Sichuan" in the late Ming and early Qing Dynasties, the largest Hakka dialect island in Dongshan, Chengdu, with Longquanyi District as the core, has gradually formed, with a total of 500,000 Hakka people, which has well preserved the Hakka language and life culture. About 700,000 people in Sichuan Province can speak Hakka.

Non-pure Hakka counties and cities: Tongjiang, Daxian, Bazhong, Yilong, Guang 'an, Lu Xian, Luzhou, Neijiang, Fushun, Longchang, Weiyuan, Zizhong, Anyue, Renshou, Jianyang, Chengdu, Xinjin, Shuangliu, Xindu, Wenjiang, Jintang, Guanghan, Pengxian and Shifang.

Mainly distributed in the eastern and southern parts of the province, the specific situation is not clear. All kinds of works about Hakka, few about Hunan Hakka. Hunan Hakkas are generally absent from various gatherings of Hakkas at home and abroad. Hakka County in Hunan Province is distributed (16 counties and cities), and prefecture-level cities have jurisdiction over Fushoushan Town, Jiayi Town and Golden Dongxiang Town in Pingjiang County, Yueyang County; Linxiang City is scattered in Zhang Fang Town, Xiaohe Township, daweishan town, guandu town, Qibaoshan Town, Zhonghe Town, Wen Jia Town, Gaoping Town and He Yong Town. Miandu Town, Dushi Town, Shizhou Township, Longxi Township, Ceyuan Township, Shuikou Township, Zhongcun Township, Xiacun Town, Pingle Township, Longzha Yao Township, Chuanxiang Township and Xiaxia Township, Yanling County, Zhuzhou City. Yongxing County is scattered in 30% of Yonghua Jianghua Yao Autonomous County, Xintian County and Jiangyong County. Note: Source.

The situation of Leiyang and Changning managed by Hengyang City is unknown.

By 2008, there were more than 400,000 Hakka descendants in Hainan, and about 200,000 people could speak Hakka.

There are 8 non-pure Hakka counties and cities, including Danxian, Chengmai, Ding 'an, Lingao, Qionghai, Wenchang, Wanning and Sanya.