Who is the founding father of Canada?

Canada's first prime minister

John ·A.· Macdonald, the first Prime Minister of the Canadian Federation, contributed to the birth of the Canadian Federation, realized the construction of the Trans-Canadian Railway from Vancouver to Montreal, and established his position as the founder of Canada.

John Alexander Macdonald was born in June of 1905 in an unsuccessful merchant family in Glasgow, Scotland. 1in June, 820, my father emigrated with his family to Kingston, Upper Canada to start a new career due to business failure. On 15, John ·A.· Macdonald studied law at Kingston School. 19, he has his own law firm and has become a well-known local defense lawyer by virtue of his cleverness and wit.

John mcdonagh has long been interested in public affairs. Before 1843 became a member of Kingston City Council, he was a member of many committees and associations. 1844, as a member of the conservative party, john mcdonagh entered the capital of Upper Canada, but the party was defeated in the general election of 1848. 1854, john mcdonagh helped the reformists in Upper Canada and French Canadians to form the Liberal-Conservative Party (the predecessor of the current Federal Conservative Party), and he was appointed as the Minister of Justice of the Coalition government; From 1856 to 1862, john mcdonagh was elected as the co-prime minister of upper Canada.

1864, under the proposal of George Brown to establish a "grand coalition" government, john mcdonagh began to promote the establishment of the Canadian Federation, because the situation at that time showed that no matter which political party was in power, unless it was reformed, it would be impossible to maintain the upper and lower Canada. So the Conservative Party and the Reform Party formed an alliance at the Charlottetown meeting in June of that year, and determined the goal of forming the British North American Federation. This proposal has been approved and supported by the British government.

After George Brown 1865 resigned from the government, john mcdonagh was regarded as the chief architect of the Canadian Federation. At the beginning of 1869, the British Parliament passed the British North America Act, which allowed Upper Canada, Lower Canada, New Brunswick and Nova Scotia to form an autonomous federation, called Canada. Upper Canada was renamed Ontario and lower Canada was renamed Quebec. John mcdonagh was elected as the first Prime Minister of the new Canadian Federation. He served as Prime Minister from 1873 to 1878 until his death in189/year.

During john mcdonagh's term, Canada took over the Northwest Territory from British Hudson Company in 1869. In order to govern the western provinces with vast territory and sparsely populated, 1870 Manitoba Province was newly established; British Columbia merged in 187 1, Prince Edward Island became a new member of the Federation in 1873, and Alberta and Saskatchewan finally merged into the federal territory.

187 1 year, in order to promote British Columbia's accession to the Canadian Federation, the john mcdonagh government hastily promised to start laying a railway from the east to the Pacific coast within two years, and it is expected that the whole line will be opened to traffic in 188 1 year. The railway will cross a 4,800-kilometer-wide continent, in which there are not only steep mountains and rivers, boundless forests and swamps, thousands of miles of grasslands, but also extremely sparsely populated. It is impossible to complete the tasks of surveying the terrain, opening roads and building bridges in such a short time. Therefore, despite a lot of private investment, the economy is retrogressive and the government is corrupt. The whole project, together with the government of john mcdonagh, collapsed at 1873.

Alexander mackenzie, the new Prime Minister of the Liberal Party, tried to use the power of the government to continue this project, but with little success. 1878, john mcdonagh led the Conservative Party to make a comeback and regain the ruling power of the federal government, but he did nothing about this coveted Pacific Railway. It was not until 1880 that a private consortium undertook this unprecedented arduous project. In less than five years, the Canadian Pacific Railway from Montreal to Vancouver was successfully completed in hardships. This railway connects the east and west ends of Canada into a whole, which greatly promotes the development of Canada's vast inland. Numerous new towns and villages have appeared in the uninhabited wasteland along the railway, and Canada has entered a new era of development since then.

John mcdonagh was married twice in his life. At the age of 28, he married his cousin Isabella Clark and had two sons, but one of them, John, died at the age of 1, and the other, Hugh John, later became a politician and was elected governor of Manitoba. After the death of his first wife 10 years later, john mcdonagh married Susan Agnes Bernard when the Canadian Federation was founded 1867, and they had a daughter after marriage.

John mcdonagh spent his later years in illness. 189 1 year, he led the conservative party to win the general election again and recommended his son Hugh as a member of parliament. However, he failed to see his son's political achievements and died shortly after the formation of the new parliament, and the power of the Conservative Party was weakened.