Probe into the origin of qu surname

Qu (Qū) has a pure pedigree and has two origins: 1, which comes from Ji's surname and takes the place name as the surname. According to "Customs", in the ancient Zhou Dynasty, Zhou Wuwang sealed his third son in Jin, and this prince was named. Yu Shu's eighth grandson was Jin Muhou of the State of Jin in the Spring and Autumn Period. Jin Muhou made his youngest son the leader of Quwo (now northeast of wenxi county, Shanxi), and his grandson named Quwo after the famous fief. Later, it was changed to a single surname, and the surname Qu was passed down from generation to generation. 2. It originated from the solution of minister Qu Inverse, and its descendants also formed a surname Qu. Ancestor: Uncle Qu Wohuan. Shi Cheng, a native of Jin State in the Western Zhou Dynasty and the Early Eastern Zhou Dynasty, is the ninth grandson of three sons, the son of Mu, and the younger brother of Wen Houqiu. When Qiu Zi was a Marquis, Uncle Qu Wohuan was named after Uncle Qu Wohuan. The land of Quwo is bigger than the capital of gold, and Uncle Huan's virtue is noble, which is quite popular among Quwo citizens. Pan Fu, the minister at the end of the Jin Dynasty, got to know Uncle Huan, who was defeated by Qu Wo because of the common enemy of Jin people, and died of depression several years later (732 BC). His son Quwo Zhuangbo once mobilized troops to attack Jin, but it didn't work. When it spread to his grandson, Wu's Quwo, the family was strong and popular. He killed three kings in succession (Aihou, Filial Son Hou and Houjin), and took Jin as a vassal, which was called Duke Wu of Jin in history. After the Jin Dynasty, Wu Gong was still a wing of the former capital of Jin (now Yicheng, Shanxi), but the clan who stayed in Quwo took the land as its surname, later called Quwo's, and respected Uncle Quwo as its ancestor. Qu surname originated in Quwo, Shanxi Province, and basically flourished here for a long time after being given the surname. During the Warring States Period, the three countries were divided into Jin, and some Qu surnames entered today's land of Hebei and Henan due to official relations or other reasons. Qu surnames originated from ancestral homes moved to Linfen, Shanxi Province in the north, or moved to Shaanxi between Shanxi and Henan Province in the south, and then entered Shaanxi for various reasons. There was an imperial court in the Qin Dynasty, which was the descendant of an uncle Qu Wohuan. In the Han Dynasty, in addition to the rapid proliferation of Qu family in Linfen, Shaanxi Province and Shanxian County, Henan Province, another family moved northward to Yanmen County, gradually forming a large settlement. During the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, the surname Qu was popular in Linfen, Shaanxi Province and Shanxian County, Henan Province, with a prosperous population. It was named Pingyang County, Yanmen County and Shaanxi County. During the Sui and Tang Dynasties, the above-mentioned county names of Qu surname still existed, especially in Anyi, Shaanxi (now Xiaxian, Shanxi), and Qu Huan was its outstanding representative. Some of his descendants who lived in Longyou (now East County of Qinghai) settled here. At the end of the Tang Dynasty, Thad entered Annan on official business, and his descendants stayed there. In the Song Dynasty, especially after Zhao and Song Dynasties were partial to the east of the Yangtze River, the number of people migrating to the south of the Yangtze River gradually increased. In the early Ming Dynasty, as one of the surnames of the relocated people, the Qu family in Shaanxi was moved to Shaanxi, Gansu, Hebei, Shandong, Beijing and other places. From then on to the middle of Qing Dynasty, Qu gradually dispersed in Inner Mongolia, Hubei, Guangxi, Guangdong, Yunnan and other provinces. During the Kangxi period of the Qing Dynasty, Qu surnames from Shandong, Hebei and other places entered the three northeastern provinces in order to make a living, and their descendants stayed there. After liberation, with the development of the Great Northern Wilderness, military reclamation and reclamation, more Qu surnames settled in the northeast. Qu's family basically spread and moved around Quwo, Shanxi. Before the Ming Dynasty, he mainly lived in Shanxi and the border area between Shanxi and Henan. It was the immigration movement in the early Ming Dynasty that made Qu ancestors spread to the northern provinces of China. The Ming Dynasty, which was established after the peasant uprising at the end of Yuan Dynasty, faced such a situation: on the one hand, the peasant army dealt a heavy blow to the Mongolian and Han aristocratic landlords, the Mongolian ruling group was overthrown, and many Han landlords were killed. Because the feudal rulers suppressed the massacre of the peasant uprising, the infighting of the ruling clique in the Yuan Dynasty and the warlords entrenched in the local area caused the social and economic ruin, the population dropped sharply and the land was barren. Shandong and Henan were ravaged by warlords of the Yuan Dynasty for a long time. Obviously, the new dynasty established by Zhu Yuanzhang will not last long unless we try to change this situation. Therefore, Zhu Yuanzhang took a series of measures to stabilize society and organize production. Reclaiming cultivated land is a very important measure. There are three forms of land reclamation: military camp, private camp and commercial camp, among which the military camp is the largest and the most complete organization. "Immigrants will broaden the countryside", and the implementation of folk villages is also one of the important measures. Compared with other northern provinces at that time, Shanxi province had neither the suffering of war and confusion, nor the harm of famine, with favorable weather, abundant crops and a prosperous population, with a population of more than 4 million, which was more than the total population of Hebei and Henan provinces at that time, so it became the main base for population output. According to the genealogical records of villages around Qingdao, especially Laoshan. The genealogy of most villages records that ancestors migrated from Yunnan, and the village named Qu also has the same record. For example, the genealogy of Qu in Nanjiang Village, Shazikou Street begins with the following words: "It is said that ancestors migrated from Yunnan Sophora japonica in Yongle period of Ming Dynasty ..." Although it is a rumor, it should be said that Nanjiang Qu was an immigrant of Ming Dynasty in combination with other surrounding villages and related historical records, which basically conforms to historical facts. But there is a general problem, that is, most genealogies record that their ancestors came from Yunnan instead of Shanxi. On this issue, as early as before the Cultural Revolution, Guangming Daily published an article entitled "Where are your ancestors, the big pagoda tree in Hongdong, Shanxi", which quoted a lot of authoritative materials and made a detailed discussion. At present, the Qu surname is widely distributed in China, especially in Liaoning and Heilongjiang provinces, where the Qu surname accounts for about 55% of the Han nationality's Qu surname in China. Qu surname is the164th surname in China today, accounting for about 0.06% of the Han population in China.