Common sense of Shanxi humanities and history

1. What is the history and culture of Shanxi?

Shanxi Province is located in the middle reaches of the Yellow River and belongs to the Central Plains cultural circle in the Yellow River Basin.

The meandering place where the Yellow River flows to Shanxi turns south again, surrounding half of Shanxi, which records the long history of Shanxi and breeds rich and beautiful folk culture in Shanxi. As far back as the Paleolithic Age 6.5438+0 million years ago, the ancestors of the Chinese nation flourished here.

Ding Cun Cultural Site in Xiangfen, Shanxi and Zhiyu Site in Sanggan River in Shuozhou are important witnesses of primitive culture. The beautiful myths and legends in ancient times, such as the Yellow Emperor killing Chiyou, Pingyang, Yao Di's capital, Xiulishan, Shun Di, and Dayu's water control, are all related to Shaanxi.

The "Tang Style" and "Feng Wei" in The Book of Songs satirize current politics and praise labor are all oral creations of Shaanxi working people. In the long-term folk custom inheritance, Shanxi folk custom has formed a simple, simple, bold, diverse and eclectic regional feature, and has become one of the most representative folk culture types in the Yellow River Basin.

2. What is the history and culture of Shanxi?

Shanxi is one of the birthplaces of the Chinese nation. 654.38 million+years ago, human beings thrived on this land. Xihoudu and Ding Cun cultural sites show that human beings lived and multiplied here as early as the Paleolithic. During the Zhou Dynasty, Shanxi was the territory of the Tang Dynasty. Later, his son Xie's father changed his surname to Jin because Tang was close to Jinjiang. During the Spring and Autumn Period, Shanxi was one of the five tyrants. During the Warring States Period, Han, Zhao and Wei were separated in the State of Jin, and they were called the Seven Heroes of the Warring States with Qin, Chu, Qi and Yan. After Qin Shihuang unified China, there were five counties in Shaanxi: Taiyuan, Shangdang, Hedong, Yanmen and Dai Jun. By the Sui Dynasty, Taiyuan was the third largest city in the Yellow River valley, next only to Chang 'an and Luoyang. At the end of Sui Dynasty, Li Yuan and his son set out for Taiyuan. After establishing Chang 'an as their capital, they respected Taiyuan as the "northern capital", which means "other capital". During the Five Dynasties, the later Tang Dynasty, the later Jin Dynasty, the later Han Dynasty and the northern Han Dynasty all started from Shanxi. In the feudal society of China, Shanxi played an important role, and because of its special geographical position, the more troubled times it was, the more important it was. Whoever owns Shanxi is the best in the world. Therefore, Gu Zuyu, a Qing man, pointed out in the Minutes of Reading Historical Records that the trend of the world must be taken from Shaanxi. During the Jin and Yuan Dynasties, Shanxi's economy and culture were in a leading position in northern China. In the Ming Dynasty, Shanxi Province set up a secretariat in Taiyuan, and later changed to a company, which was in charge of five states and three states in Shanxi. In the Qing dynasty, it began to be called Shanxi. Shanxi has a long history and rich cultural heritage. Up to now, it has a written history of 3,000 years, and is known as "China Museum of Ancient Culture" and "Cradle of Chinese Civilization". The legend of "Jingwei filling the sea" and "Goddess filling the sky" happened in Shanxi. Three ancient emperors of China, Yao, Shun and Yu, all established their capitals in the south of Shanxi, namely Pingyang (now Linfen), Puban (now yongji city) and Anyi (this summer county). During the Spring and Autumn Period, Zhong Er, Jin Wengong was one of the five tyrants in the Spring and Autumn Period. During the Northern Wei Dynasty, Datong (then called Pingcheng) was the capital of the Northern Wei Dynasty. At the end of Sui Dynasty, Li Yuan and his son set out for Jinyang (now Taiyuan), then seized Chang 'an, established the Tang Dynasty, and later designated Taiyuan as the northern capital of the Tang Empire. At the end of Yuan Dynasty and the beginning of Ming Dynasty, there were wars and famines in the Central Plains for years, and Shanxi, especially the southern part of Shanxi, became the main area of immigrants in the early Ming Dynasty because of its economic prosperity and dense population. Over the past half century, Shanxi has immigrated more than a dozen times. The pagoda tree in Hongtong County was a major immigration station at that time. This is where the phrase "Ask where my ancestors are, Sophora japonica in Hongdong, Shanxi" circulated in many parts of the country comes from. During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the rise of Shanxi merchants and Shanxi merchants banks was famous at home and abroad. Datong, Pingyao, Daixian, Qixian and Xinjiang are all famous historical cities in Shanxi.

The answer comes from official website, a North-South travel network.

3. Historical and cultural characteristics of Shanxi

Jin dialect is used in most parts of Shanxi, Zhongyuan Mandarin is used in most parts of southern Shanxi, and Jilu Mandarin is used in Guangling County. Jin dialect is the only unofficial dialect in northern China. The biggest feature of Jin dialect, which is different from Putonghua, is to keep entering tone. Most Jin dialects have five tones. The tone of Jin dialect has a very complicated tone sandhi phenomenon. Today, when reading the fricative of Jin language, the ancient voiced sound is not aspirated. Jin dialect retains many characteristics of ancient Chinese.

Shanxi is one of the birthplaces of China's traditional opera art, and is called "the cradle of traditional opera". In the Han Dynasty, drama appeared in Shanxi. During the Northern Song Dynasty, all kinds of local operas were active in Shanxi-these local operas were the embryonic form of China opera; During the Yuan Dynasty, Shanxi became the center of the national opera art, and the Yuan Dynasty stage found in the whole country was basically in Shanxi.

Shanxi is one of the earliest regions in China where festivals and folk customs appeared. China promoted the summer calendar very early, which was used in the Xia Dynasty in history. The southern part of Shanxi is one of the birthplaces of Xia Dynasty, and the northern part of Shanxi is inhabited by Hu people and Han people for a long time, forming a folk custom with local characteristics.

Extended data

Shanxi is called "China Ancient Architecture Art Museum", and the ancient buildings before Song and Jin Dynasties with well-preserved ground account for more than 70% of the country. Ancient human cultural sites, the ancient capital city, Baosha Buddhist temple, grottoes and steles, sculpture murals, ancient pagodas and ancient tombs, Buddhist and Taoist shrines, dangerous castles and revolutionary cultural relics. From north to south, it constitutes an ancient and modern cultural landscape in Shanxi.

By the end of 20 13, there were 452 national key cultural relics protection units in Shanxi province. Wutai Mountain in Xinzhou is one of the four Buddhist holy places. Yungang Grottoes in Datong is one of the three major Buddhist grottoes. Hengshan Mountain in Beiyue, Datong is one of the five mountains in China. Hanging Temple is the only temple in China that integrates Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism. The ancient city of Pingyao in Jinzhong is one of the three existing ancient cities; Yuncheng Jiezhou Guandi Temple is the largest martial temple.

Huangcheng Xiangfu, Qiaojia Courtyard, Qujia Courtyard, Wangjia Courtyard, Lijia Courtyard, Taigu Sanduotang, Changjia Manor, Shenjia Courtyard, Mengmen Ancient Town and Kong Xiangxi Former Residence are the representatives of Shaanxi residential buildings.

References:

Sogou encyclopedia-Shanxi

4. What are the famous historical and cultural cities in Shanxi?

Shanxi's historical and cultural cities belong to the national level, including Heping Yao County, Daixian County, Qixian County and Xinjiang County.

Datong, called Pingcheng in ancient times, was once the capital of the Northern Wei Dynasty. During the Northern and Southern Dynasties, it was once the central city ruled by the Northern Dynasties. Up to now, there are still ancient cultural and artistic products from the Northern Wei Dynasty to Liao, Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties represented by Yungang Grottoes. Pingyao Ancient City is the most intact original county town in China during the Ming and Qing Dynasties, with a wall circumference of 6.

16 km, turret, Kuixing Tower, crib mouth, watchtower, urn, etc. are well preserved, basically keeping the shape of the city wall in the early Ming Dynasty; The streets, shops and houses in the city are still in the Ming and Qing Dynasties and are currently under development. Daixian has a long history, and the ancient city wall is partially intact, with many cultural relics and historic sites such as Yanmenguan, Bianjing Tower, Ashoka Pagoda, Confucian Temple, Yangjia Ancestral Temple, General Temple and Bell Tower.

The layout of street shops and houses in Qixian County still maintains the pattern of Ming and Qing Dynasties. There are nearly 1 0,000 ancient residential courtyards in the county, and cultural relics and historic sites are all over the county. Xinjiang was called Jiangzhou in ancient times, and the existing city walls were built in the Ming Dynasty. Jiangzhou Temple, longxing temple, Bell Tower, Drum Tower, Music Building and other ancient buildings in the city are well preserved. Jiangshouju Garden Pool is the only existing Sui and Tang garden site in China, and private gardens such as Xue Family, Chen Family and Qiao Family are also quite distinctive.

In addition, Taiyuan, the provincial capital, was the capital of Zhao in the early Warring States Period, the capital of Eastern Wei and Northern Qi in the Southern and Northern Dynasties, and the northern capital of Tang Dynasty. According to legend, Yao, Shun and Yu, the three great prehistoric men in China, all established their capitals in Shanxi. Pingyang, the capital of Yao, is now Linfen, and now there are Yao Temple and Yaoling.

Houma was the capital of the late Jin State in the Spring and Autumn Period. Near the ruins of Gupuzhou, yongji city, there are rich natural and cultural tourism resources and profound cultural heritage. Others such as Shuozhou, Yin Shan, Taigu, Changzhi, Jiexiu, Fenyang and Jincheng are also famous historical and cultural cities.

Zhangbibao in Jiexiu combines the ancient architecture art of Tang, Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties in one village. The Millennium underground tunnel is the earliest existing military tunnel in ancient China.

5. Knowledge related to human geography in Shanxi.

Shanxi province is named after living in the west of Taihang Mountain.

During the Spring and Autumn Period, most areas were owned by the State of Jin, so it was called "Jin" for short. In the early Warring States period, Han, Zhao and Wei were divided into Jin, so they were also called "Three Jin". The whole province has a total area of156,000 square kilometers and a total population of 33 million, and governs 1 1 prefecture-level cities and1/9 counties, cities and districts.

Shanxi's topography is mostly mountainous and hilly, and the mountainous area accounts for more than 80% of the province's total area. Taihang Mountain in the east, Luliang Mountain in the west, the Yellow River in the west and south, and Inner Mongolia, Shaanxi, Henan and other provinces. Liu Zongyuan called it "the mountains and rivers outside" in the Tang Dynasty.

Shanxi is rich in mineral resources. There are seven kinds of minerals with the largest reserves in China, such as coal, bauxite and refractory clay. There are 34 kinds of minerals in the top 10 in China.

Among them, coal resources are rich in reserves, widely distributed, excellent in coal quality, complete in varieties, shallow in burial and easy to mine. The accumulated proven reserves are more than 250 billion tons, accounting for 26% of the country's proven reserves, and it is known as the "coal sea". ? Shanxi is one of the birthplaces of the Chinese nation and is known as the "cradle of Chinese civilization".

The legend of "Goddess of Mending Heaven" happened in Shanxi. The ancestors of the Chinese nation, Huangdi and Yandu, lived in Shaanxi.

Three ancient emperors of China, Yao, Shun and Yu, all established their capitals in the south of Shanxi, namely Pingyang (now Linfen), Puban (now yongji city) and Anyi (this summer county). During the Spring and Autumn Period, Zhong Er, Jin Wengong was one of the five tyrants in the Spring and Autumn Period.

During the Northern Wei Dynasty, Datong (then called Pingcheng) was the capital of the Northern Wei Dynasty. At the end of Sui Dynasty, Li Yuan and his son set out for Jinyang (now Taiyuan), then seized Chang 'an, established the Tang Dynasty, and later designated Taiyuan as the northern capital of the Tang Empire.

At the end of Yuan Dynasty and the beginning of Ming Dynasty, there were wars and famines in the Central Plains for years, and Shanxi, especially the southern part of Shanxi, became the main area of immigrants in the early Ming Dynasty because of its economic prosperity and dense population. Over the past half century, Shanxi has immigrated more than a dozen times.

The pagoda tree in Hongtong County was a major immigration station at that time. This is where the phrase "Ask where my ancestors are, Sophora japonica in Hongdong, Shanxi" circulated in many parts of the country comes from.

During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, Shanxi merchants and Shanxi merchant banks rose and became famous at home and abroad. ? Shanxi is rich in national cultural heritage and tourism resources.

The existing ancient buildings before the Song, Liao and Jin Dynasties account for more than 70% of the country. Famous tourist attractions include Yungang Grottoes, Hanging Temple, Yingxian Wooden Pagoda and Hengshan Mountain, one of the five mountains in China. Wutai Mountain, Luya Mountain, Yang Jiajiang and Daixian in Xinzhou Tourist Area; Jinci in Taiyuan tourist area, Pingyao ancient city in Jinzhong, and the mansion compound of Shanxi merchants in the past; Yao Temple in Linfen Tourist Area, Dahuashu in Hongtong County, Guangsheng Temple and Hukou Waterfall of the Yellow River in Jixian County; The Jiezhou Guandi Temple, Ruicheng Yongle Palace, Xiaxian Sima Guang Tomb, Yongji Yellow River Iron Bull, Yingying Tower and so on in Yuncheng Tourist Area.

Pingyao Ancient City and Yungang Grottoes have been included in the world cultural heritage. ? In various historical periods of China, many politicians, strategists, writers and historians emerged in Shanxi.

The most famous ones are Wu Zetian, the only female emperor in China and an outstanding politician in the Tang Dynasty, a famous scholar in the Three Kingdoms period, the author of The First Chronicle of China and Tongzhi Sword, a famous historian in the Song Dynasty, the author of The Romance of the Three Kingdoms, Luo Guanzhong, one of the four classical novels in ancient China, and famous poets in the Tang Dynasty, Wang Zhihuan, Wang Wei and Bai. ? Shanxi is a famous old revolutionary base area.

As early as 192 1 year, Gao, an early Marxist in China, established the Socialist Youth League in Taiyuan to carry out revolutionary activities. After the Red Army's Long March arrived in northern Shaanxi, * * * personally led the Red Army's main force to cross the river and crusade, spreading revolutionary flames all over Shanxi, Jinzhong and Jinnan.

After the outbreak of War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression in China, the three main forces of the Eighth Route Army advanced into Shanxi and established anti-Japanese base areas behind enemy lines. During the eight-year anti-Japanese war, Shanxi was an important strategic fulcrum of the anti-Japanese war in North China and even the whole country. Shanxi local party organizations have trained 654.38+500,000 cadres and sent 600,000 enthusiastic youths to the Eighth Route Army in the base area.

During the War of Liberation, Shanxi became a strategic base to support national liberation. The broad masses of the people actively supported the front line, and a large number of local cadres went south or east or west into the new area, which made great contributions to the China revolution. ? After the founding of New China, especially in the past 20 years of reform and opening up, the people of Shanxi, under the leadership of the Party, have made concerted efforts, pioneered and innovated, and promoted all-round economic and social development.

As an energy base, Shanxi has made important contributions to the national economic development. ? During the "Tenth Five-Year Plan" period, the provincial party committee and the province * * * adhered to the guidance of the * * * theory and the important thought of * * *, and took Scientific Outlook on Development as the leader, firmly grasped the top priority of development, concentrated on construction and devoted themselves to development, and made new achievements in the province's economic construction and social development.

In 2006, Shanxi's GDP reached 474.65 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 1 1.8%. The per capita GDP is 1.4 1 ,000 yuan, or 1.808 USD; The total fiscal revenue exceeded 1000 billion yuan, reaching 1048.05438+0 billion yuan, with a year-on-year increase of 38.20%, ranking first in all provinces and cities in China. The per capita disposable income of urban residents 10027.7 yuan, an increase of 12.5% over the previous year. The per capita net income of farmers exceeds 3000 yuan.

Physical geography Shanxi Province is located in the east wing of the Loess Plateau in the west of North China. Geographical coordinates are 34 34'-40 43' north latitude and110/4'-114 33' east longitude.

It is about 290 kilometers wide from east to west and 550 kilometers long from north to south. The total area of the province is156,000 square kilometers, accounting for 1.6% of the total area of the country. The outline of the boundary is a parallelogram inclined from northeast to southwest.

In the east, there is the majestic Taihang Mountain as a natural barrier, adjacent to Hebei Province. In the west and south, the Yellow River in Tao Tao is a moat, facing Shaanxi Province and Henan Province. It crosses the Great Wall in the north and is adjacent to Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. Shanxi has a complex topography, including mountains, hills, plateaus, basins, platforms and other landform types.

Mountains and hills account for more than two-thirds of the total area, and most of them are between 1000 meters and 2000 meters above sea level. The highest point is Wutai Mountain Beitai Wild Bean Peak, with an altitude of 3058 meters, and the lowest point is at the place where the Xiyang River enters the Yellow River in Yuanqu County, with an altitude of only 180 meters.

Shanxi is surrounded by mountains and rivers, with Taihang Mountain in the east, Luliang Mountain in the west, Hengshan Mountain and Wutai Mountain in the north, Zhongtiao Mountain in the south and Taiyue Mountain in the middle. The main rivers are Fenhe River and Haihe River.

There are large and small rivers in the territory 1.

6. Shanxi history and culture

Shanxi's historical and cultural context is clear and the framework is complete; The process of Shanxi civilization has never stopped and has far-reaching influence.

Shanxi's history began in the Paleolithic Age, and after thousands of years of evolution from Yao, Shun, Yu, Xia, Shang and Zhou, it formed distinctive features different from other regional cultures in the Jin and Sanjin Dynasties. Since the Qin and Han Dynasties, Shanxi's history and culture have become more colorful and brilliant.

The integrity, advancement and artistry of Shanxi's history and culture have played an important role in the formation of the Chinese nation and exerted a great influence on China's 5,000-year civilization, making Shanxi one of the regions with the strongest local cultural characteristics. Shanxi is one of the central areas of the origin of Chinese civilization.

The word "China", which first appeared in the history books, refers to the south of Shanxi in the ancient Yu Shun era. From Yao Shunyu to Xia, Shang and Zhou Dynasties, Shanxi's cultural heritage has never stopped.

Since ancient times, Shanxi has been a natural channel for the intersection of Chinese culture in the Central Plains and northern national culture, and it is the frontier of the collision and docking between the farming economy in the Central Plains and the nomadic economy in the north. In ancient times, the economic and military strength of the Central Plains countries was constantly enhanced, which made the northern nationalities gradually integrate into the Huaxia nationality and accept more advanced Chinese culture.

By the end of the Spring and Autumn Period, the boundary between the two sides had almost disappeared. During the five hundred years of Ming and Qing Dynasties, Shanxi merchants started from salt industry and developed into cotton, cloth, grain, oil, tea, medicinal materials, fur, finance and other industries, and extended their business activities from their hometown to all parts of the country, even as far away as Mongolia, Russia, North Korea, Japan and other countries today.

The great courage, far-reaching footprint and great wealth of Shanxi merchants have made the world agree with the historical fact that there is no business in the west. The historical evolution of Shanxi is connected with Chinese civilization for 5,000 years, leaving 35,000 cultural relics and historic sites, and the national protected units 1 19, ranking first in the country.

Therefore, Shanxi is most qualified to become a "theme park" for the world to understand and appreciate Chinese civilization. Shanxi's history and culture have the distinct characteristics of constant change and progress, and always walk in the forefront of the times.

The development of Shanxi's history and culture proves that social change and progress are not only based on advanced ideas, but also the cradle of new ideas. During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, Shanxi became the birthplace of legalists, strategists, famous debaters and military strategists in the Warring States Period, and it was also an important branch of Confucianism in the early pre-Qin period, thus forming the magnificent Confucianism in Sanjin.

These progressive ideas are in the era of a hundred schools of thought contending, which not only encourage and agitate each other, but also complement and promote each other. * * * created the Sanjin culture with progressive characteristics. Hundreds of bones with artificial traces have been found in the cultural remains of Zhiyu in Shuozhou from 20,000 to 30,000 years ago, indicating that Zhiyu people may have started the original carving art..

During the transitional period from Paleolithic Age to Neolithic Age, there were two rock paintings on the persimmon beach site in Jixian County, which were regarded as the earliest artistic treasures of mankind. Drums and chimes belonging to the early summer culture were unearthed in Taosi site. Four or five thousand years ago, the single-tone hole and double-tone hole pottery piers unearthed in Yijing, Taiyuan belonged to Neolithic musical instruments.

The great musicians in Jin State are famous for their piano skills and temperament, and Xunzi of Zhao State founded the art theory. Stone reliefs in the Han Dynasty in Lishi, Iron Cattle in the Yellow River in the Tang Dynasty in Pujin Ferry, and Zaju in southern Shanxi in the Yuan Dynasty all show that Shanxi has always been at the forefront of the world's oriental art garden in the evolution of human civilization.

Among many art categories, Shanxi's ancient buildings and their murals, sculptures and grottoes, as well as the architectural art of ancient cities and houses, have made outstanding achievements and distinctive features.

7. Shanxi history and culture

Shanxi's historical and cultural context is clear and the framework is complete; The process of Shanxi civilization has never stopped and has far-reaching influence. The history of Shaanxi began in the Paleolithic Age, and went through the Zhou Dynasty.

Thousands of years of evolution, to the Jin State and Sanjin period, has formed a distinctive feature different from other regional cultures. Since the Qin and Han Dynasties, Shanxi's history and culture have become more colorful and brilliant.

The integrity, advancement and artistry of Shanxi's history and culture have played an important role in the formation of the Chinese nation, and have had a tremendous impact on China's 5,000-year civilization, making Shanxi become.

Become one of the areas with the strongest local cultural characteristics.

Shanxi is one of the central areas of the origin of Chinese civilization. The word "China", which first appeared in the history books, refers to the south of Shanxi in the ancient Yu Shun era. Made in China.

From Yao Shunyu to Xia, Shang and Zhou Dynasties, Shanxi's cultural heritage has never stopped.

Since ancient times, Shanxi has been a natural channel for the intersection of Chinese culture in the Central Plains and northern national culture, and it is the frontier of the collision and docking between the farming economy in the Central Plains and the nomadic economy in the north.

In ancient times, the economic and military strength of the Central Plains countries was constantly enhanced, which made the northern nationalities gradually integrate into the Huaxia nationality and accept more advanced Chinese culture. In the late spring and autumn period

The boundary between the two sides has almost disappeared. In the five hundred years of Ming and Qing dynasties, Shanxi merchants started from salt industry and developed into cotton, cloth, grain, oil, tea, medicinal materials, fur and finance.

Various industries, and business activities from home to all parts of the country, even as far away as today's Mongolia, Russia, North Korea, Japan and other countries. The boldness of vision of Shanxi merchants is great and full.

Distance and wealth make the world agree with the historical fact that "there is no business without the West".

The historical evolution of Shanxi is connected with Chinese civilization for 5,000 years, leaving 35,000 cultural relics and historic sites, and the national protected units 1 19, ranking first in the country. Therefore,

Shanxi has the best conditions to become a "theme park" for the world to understand and appreciate Chinese civilization.

Shanxi's history and culture have the distinct characteristics of constant change and progress, and always walk in the forefront of the times. The development of Shanxi's history and culture proves that social change and progress are not only based on

Based on advanced ideas, it is also the cradle of new ideas.

During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, Shanxi became the birthplace of legalists, strategists, famous debaters and military strategists in the Warring States Period, and was also an important branch of Confucianism in the early pre-Qin period, thus forming a spectacular.

Confucianism in Sanjin dynasty. These progressive ideas are in the era of a hundred schools of thought contending, which not only encourage and agitate each other, but also complement and promote each other. * * * jointly created the characteristics of progress.

Sanjin culture.

Hundreds of bones with artificial traces have been found in the cultural remains of Zhiyu in Shuozhou from 20,000 to 30,000 years ago, which indicates that Zhiyu people may have started the original carving art..

During the transitional period from Paleolithic Age to Neolithic Age, there were two rock paintings on the persimmon beach site in Jixian County, which were regarded as the earliest artistic treasures of mankind. Unearthed from Taosi site four or five thousand years ago.

The single-tone and double-tone pottery unearthed in Yijing, Taiyuan, belongs to the Neolithic musical instruments except the drums and chimes of the early summer culture. Shi Kuang was a great musician in Jin Dynasty, famous for his piano skills and temperament.

Xunzi, Zhao Ren, founded the art theory. Stone reliefs in the Han Dynasty in Lishi, Iron Cattle in the Yellow River in the Tang Dynasty in Pujin Ferry, and Zaju in southern Shanxi in the Yuan Dynasty all show that Shanxi has been in the evolution of human civilization.

Ranked in the forefront of oriental art gardens in the world. Among many art categories, Shanxi's ancient buildings and their murals, sculptures and grottoes, ancient cities and houses are all preserved on the basis of ancient buildings.

The achievements of architectural art are more prominent and the characteristics are more distinct.