Why did Israel and Pakistan fight? What is their history?

Palestine is located on the Mediterranean coast of West Asia, at the intersection of Europe, Asia and Africa. This area is full of legends, but it is also full of disasters. Here, Jews and Palestinians are cousins; Jerusalem is the holy land of the three major religions in the world. After World War II, four large-scale Middle East wars were all related to this issue, which caused great losses and great trauma to the people in this region. The Middle East peace process has continued to this day, but the pace is difficult. People look forward to the early arrival of peace, so that the two ancient peoples who are like brothers can get back together and build a beautiful home together. [1]\x0d\ Edit the historical background of this paragraph \x0d\ Palestine is located on the Mediterranean coast of West Asia, which was called Canaan in ancient times, including present-day Israel, Gaza, Gaza and Jewish settlements \x0d\[2] Jordan, West Bank and Jordan. Historically, Jews and Arabs once lived here. Around the 20th century BC, Sumerian Canaanites settled in the coastal and plain areas of Palestine and became the earliest inhabitants of Palestine. At the end of the 3rd century BC/KLOC-0, Hebrew tribes moved to Palestine, and successively established the Kingdom of Hebrew and the Kingdom of Israel. Since then, Palestine has been occupied and ruled by Assyrians, Babylonians, Persians and Romans. In the 7th century AD, Arabs moved in after conquering the Roman Empire and taking over Palestine, and were assimilated by local aborigines, gradually forming modern Palestinian Arabs. /kloc-at the end of 0/9, the Zionist movement rose all over the world, and Jews from all over the world moved into Palestine in large numbers. During the First World War, Palestine became a "mandated territory" of Britain. Britain divides Palestine into two parts, east and west, with the Jordan River as the boundary. The east is called Outer Jordan (now the Kingdom of Jordan), and the west is still called Palestine (now Israel, the West Bank and Gaza). Since then, Jews from all over the world have begun to migrate to Palestinian areas. During the influx of Jews into Palestine, there were many bloody conflicts between Jews and local Palestinian Arabs. 1947165438+10 In October, the United Nations adopted resolution 18 1 on the partition of Palestine. The resolution stipulates that a Jewish state and an Arab state will be established on the 27,000 square kilometers of Palestinian territory, and Jerusalem will be internationalized. On May 1948, the State of Israel was proclaimed. Because this resolution was strongly opposed by Palestinians and Arabs, the Palestinian state was not born. [3]\x0d\ Edit the development course of this paragraph \x0d\ After Israel declared its founding, five large-scale wars broke out between Arabia and Israel. Israel has occupied a large number of Palestinian territories, including Jerusalem, through war, and millions of Palestinian Arabs have been driven out of their homes and become refugees. For a long time, Israel has implemented the Jewish immigration policy in the occupied Arab territories, built a large number of Jewish immigrant settlements, and tried to establish a big Israeli state by changing the population structure of the occupied territories. In order to restore national rights and return to their homeland, the Palestinians began an armed struggle. Former Israeli Prime Minister Sharon \x0d\[4] 1964 In May, the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) was established with the goal of "eliminating Zionism in Palestinian territory". Since then, Palestine has started an armed struggle against Israeli invasion. Years of war have made both sides realize that no one can destroy anyone and that war cannot solve the problem. Under the mediation of the international community, Palestine and Israel began to seek a political solution. 1 991June1,the Madrid middle east peace conference was held, and the difficult peace talks between Arab and Israeli countries began. Among the Arab-Israeli peace talks, the Palestinian-Israeli peace talks are the key to the Middle East peace process. From September 65438 to September 0993, since the signing of the first peace agreement-the Declaration of Principles on Palestinian Self-government, the two sides have also signed a series of agreements, but these agreements have not been fully implemented due to the deliberate delay of successive governments. Although according to the relevant agreement, Palestine began to govern itself in May 1994, there were too many differences in the final stage of the Palestinian negotiations due to thorny issues such as the ownership of Jerusalem, Jewish settlements, the return of Palestinian refugees and the demarcation of the Palestinian-Israeli border. So far, the two sides have not reached a permanent peace agreement. In September 2000, Israeli hardline leader Sharon forcibly entered the Al-Aqsa Mosque, the Islamic holy place, which triggered a long-lasting bloody conflict between Palestine and Israel. Especially after Sharon's government came to power in March, 200012000, some radical Palestinian organizations created a series of "terrorist activities" against Israelis, which led to Israel's strong retaliation, and both Palestine and Israel fell into a vicious circle of retaliation and counter-retaliation. [3]\x0d\ Editing this conflict experience \x0d\ First Middle East War \ x0d \ 1948 On May 4th, Britain ended its mandate over Palestine. On the same day, the Zionist Israeli flag "x0d" announced the establishment of the State of Israel. In June, 5438+05, the Arab League troops entered Palestine, and the Palestinian war officially began. \x0d\ Second Middle East War \x0d\ In order to gain control of Suez Canal, Britain and France joined forces with Israel and launched a surprise attack on Egypt on June 29th. 1956+05438. This is the Second Middle East War, also known as the Suez Canal War. \x0d\ The Third Middle East War \ x0d \1At 7: 45 a.m. on June 5, 967, Israel dispatched almost all its air forces and carried out lightning attacks on all airports in Egypt, Syria and Iraq. Half an hour after the air raid, Israeli ground forces also launched an attack. \x0d\ The Fourth Middle East War \x0d\ is also called the October War, which is called the Ramadan War in Arab countries and the Yom Kippur War or the 18th War in Israel. 1973 10, Egypt and Syria went to war with Israel in order to recover their lost land and get rid of the passive situation of "no war and no peace" caused by the United States and the Soviet Union. \x0d\ The Fifth Middle East War \ x0d \1On June 6, 982, Israel used the assassination of its ambassador to Britain as an excuse to dispatch more than 65,438+people from the land, sea and air forces to launch a large-scale attack on the Palestine Liberation Organization guerrillas and the Syrian army in Lebanon. In just a few days, it occupied half of Lebanon. This is the biggest war between Israel and Arab countries since the fourth Middle East War, and it is called "the fifth Middle East War". In this war, the PLO suffered more than 3,000 casualties, destroyed more than 0/00 tanks/KLOC, fired 500 artillery pieces and occupied more than 400 secret warehouses. The Syrian army suffered more than 65,438+0,000 casualties and lost more than 400 tanks and 58 aircraft. Palestinian flag \ x0d \ Chronicle of the conflict between Palestine and Israel 65438+ 10/7, Israel closed Gaza port. 65438+1On October 23rd, Hamas armed forces broke through a border crossing between Gaza and Egypt, and thousands of Gaza people flocked to Egypt to buy daily necessities. On 3 February, Egyptian security forces and Hamas forces reopened the border. From February 27th to March 3rd, Israeli launched a "cold winter" offensive in Gaza, and more than 120 Palestinians died in the conflict. On March 6, a Jewish institution in West Jerusalem was attacked and eight students were killed. Hamas claimed responsibility for the attack. 19 June, Hamas and other Palestinian factions reached a six-month ceasefire agreement with Israel. On June 25th, five armed men in Hamas were killed. On August 2, Israeli soldiers shot at members of the hillis family (close to the Palestinian National Liberation Movement (Fatah)) who tried to flee Gaza, killing four people and injuring more than 20 others. 165438+1On 5 October, an Israeli operation in Gaza killed six Palestinians. Hamas then resumed firing rockets into Israeli territory. 165438+ 10/4, southern Israel was attacked by at least 16 rockets that morning, and more than a dozen people were injured. In the morning, Israeli troops attacked Gaza, killing two Palestinian militants. 1 161October 16, Israeli attacks on the eastern part of the Gaza strip, and Palestinian air strikes on Gaza killed four people. 1On October 27th, the Israeli army arrested 23 Palestinians in the West Bank. Palestinian officials said that on the same day, Israel also launched large-scale arrests in Ramallah, Hebron, Nablus and Tulkarem, during which shootings occurred. On February 2, 65438, Israeli tanks and bulldozers moved into Rafah, which is located in the south of the Gaza Strip, and then Israeli helicopters fired a missile, killing two Palestinians and injuring many others. 12 18, the six-month ceasefire agreement between Hamas and Israel expired. Hamas declared an end to the ceasefire, which took effect immediately and will not be extended. From 19 to 26, Hamas fired more than 200 rockets and mortars into southern Israel. 12 On February 24th, the Kasang Brigade, an armed wing of the Palestinian Islamic Resistance Movement (Hamas), issued a statement saying that five armed men of the Kasang Brigade died in the course of "carrying out their duties", and the organization then retaliated by firing mortar shells at southern cities. On February 25th, 65438, Israeli caretaker Prime Minister Olmert called for stopping Hamas from attacking Israel. Foreign Minister tzipi livni vowed to end Hamas's control over Gaza. [5]\x0d\ Editor's focus of this paragraph \x0d\ Status of Jerusalem \x0d\ Jerusalem is located in the middle of the Palestinian area, which is the holy land of Judaism, Christianity and Islam. 1947110 In October, the United Nations General Assembly adopted a resolution on the partition of Palestine, stipulating that Jerusalem should be an international city and administered by the United Nations. After the end of the First Middle East War, Jerusalem was divided into two parts from north to south by the ceasefire line between the Arab and Israeli sides. The eastern part of Palestine with the largest population was occupied by Jordan (then called Outer Jordan), and the western part with the Jewish population as the main body was occupied by Israel. 1967 Occupy East Jerusalem. 1980 In July, the Knesset passed a bill declaring Jerusalem the eternal capital of Israel. Since the 1960s, Palestine has declared that Jerusalem is a part of Palestinian territory, so it must be completely abandoned. 1988165438+10. In October, the Palestinian National Council adopted the Declaration of Independence at its19 special meeting, declaring its founding and Jerusalem as the capital of the Palestinian state. \x0d\ Demarcation \ x0d \1947165438+10. In October, the United Nations General Assembly adopted resolution 18 1 0, and decided to establish a "Jewish State" in the 27,000-square-kilometer Palestinian area and Among them, the "Jewish State" was declared in May 1948, and the State of Israel was established. However, "Arab countries" were not born because Arabs refused to divide and rule. In the first and third Middle East wars, Israel occupied all the territories of "Arab countries", including the West Bank, Gaza Strip and East Jerusalem. The United Nations Security Council has successively adopted resolutions 242 and 338, demanding that Israel withdraw from the occupied territories. For a long time, Pakistan has insisted and determined to establish an independent Palestinian state within the borders before the 1967 war, but the Israeli government insists that the future Israeli-Palestinian border cannot return to the state before the 1967 war. \x0d\ Jewish settlement \x0d\ Israel is the only country in the world composed of immigrants. 1967 after the end of the third middle east war, Jewish settlements began to be built in the occupied territories. According to the statistics of the Ministry of Interior, from 1972 to 2008, the population of Jewish settlements in the West Bank increased from 1 182 to 285,800, and the population of settlements in East Jerusalem has reached nearly 200,000. In August 2005, during the implementation of the unilateral action plan, Israel withdrew from all 265,438+0 settlements in the Gaza Strip and four settlements in the northern West Bank. However, in the following years, Israel did not stop the construction of settlements. For a long time, Pakistan has insisted that all settlements must be dismantled, while Israel has emphasized that settlement construction is based on the need of "natural growth". According to the Oslo agreement signed between Palestine and Israel 1993, the expansion of settlements can only be carried out on the basis of "natural population growth". \x0d\ The return of refugees \x0d\ The problem of Palestinian refugees is the product of all previous Middle East wars, especially the first and third Middle East wars. The war has displaced more than 654.38 million Palestinians. According to statistics of relevant UN departments, there are more than 4.7 million Palestinian refugees, mainly in Jordan, Lebanon and Syria, except in the West Bank and Gaza. According to United Nations resolution 194 adopted in 1948, Palestinian refugees have the right to return. However, whether and how many refugees can return will affect the ethnic composition, population ratio and social security of Middle East countries such as Palestine and Israel. Therefore, in the Palestinian-Israeli peace talks, Israel insisted on the local resettlement of Palestinian refugees and opposed the return. \x0d\ Water resources allocation problem \x0d\ More than 60% of Palestine belongs to arid and semi-arid areas, and the total amount of renewable water resources including surface water, rivers and groundwater is estimated to be 2 billion cubic meters. In terms of quantity, in order to occupy and consume 80% of all water resources, Pakistan can only enjoy the remaining 20%. In addition, the allocation of water resources between Palestine and Israel also involves issues such as border demarcation and the future of Jewish settlements. Therefore, Israel opposes the complete redistribution of water resources with Pakistan and advocates joint management of water resources to ensure that Israel's water security is not threatened. Gaza insists on recovering the ownership of all water conservancy facilities in the West Bank and refuses to accept the joint management of water resources with Israel. [6]\x0d\ Editing how to solve this paragraph \x0d\ Multilateral talks on the Middle East \x0d\ Multilateral talks on the Middle East refer to the Arab-Israeli conflict, other Middle Eastern countries, the United States, Russia and the European Union.