Who was the German Neo-Confucian who first proposed the concept of IQ?

Hello! The concept of "IQ" was first proposed by the French and fully promoted by the Americans. This has nothing to do with Germany. Here’s a brief description: “IQ” stands for “intelligence quotient,” which is a score that measures a person’s cognitive abilities (“intelligence”) at their age through a series of standardized tests. Invented by French Alfred Binet (1857-1911) and his students. Based on the results of this set of tests, he set the average IQ of ordinary people at 100. According to this set of tests, most of the IQs of normal people are Between 85 and 115. However, the Frenchman Binet's research was neglected for a long time. It was not until the early twentieth century that his research found a use because of the implementation of the national compulsory education policy and the need to distinguish between normal school children and those with insufficient intelligence. A few years later, Binet's test was introduced to the United States. The first major change occurred here, when intelligence tests were used to screen immigrants, combined with eugenic ideas. Later, those judged to be mentally deficient were more likely to be sent to asylums or even forced to undergo sterilization (so-called "negative eugenics"). On the other hand, due to the United States' participation in World War I, the military needed a way to quickly identify recruits' abilities. Therefore, the tests that were originally only used for special education and one-on-one implementation were changed to be conducted on ordinary people and in groups. A test to rank everyone. After the comprehensive promotion of the war, the social environment for accepting intelligence tests has matured. It is not only used to identify school children with learning disabilities, but also to select gifted students for active cultivation (so-called "positive eugenics"). Everyone can be marked with an IQ (English abbreviation of "intelligence quotient") value, and we are willing to evaluate each other's strengths and weaknesses. At this point, IQ’s power has spread across every segment of intelligent distribution.

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