How did the three northeastern provinces fall into Japanese hands?

193 1 From September to March, 1932, the Japanese army launched a war to occupy Liaoning, Jilin and Heilongjiang provinces in Northeast China.

After the Meiji Restoration in Japan, it was a basic foreign policy to invade China and turn China into a Japanese colony. The unprecedented severe capitalist economic crisis in the early 1930s dealt a heavy blow to Japan and further aggravated the class contradictions in China. In order to pass on the crisis, ease domestic contradictions and get rid of the predicament, the Japanese government stepped up its military aggression against China. After the "Oriental Conference" and "Dalian Conference" formulated the "China Policy Program", in June 193 1, the Central Military Commission formulated the "Outline for Solving the Manchurian Problem", waiting for an opportunity to wage war. Accordingly, the Kwantung Army successively created the "Wanbaoshan Incident" and the "Nakamura Incident" as an excuse to attack the Northeast. During the war, in August of 16, Chiang Kai-shek issued an order to Zhang Xueliang not to resist Japanese aggression. Zhang immediately sent a command to the headquarters. The Japanese Kwantung Army took advantage of China's national disaster, concentrated on eliminating dissidents, and "encircled" the Red Army of Workers and Peasants and the main force of the Northeast Border Guard, which weakened the defense in Northeast China. With more than 6,543.8+0.05 million men, we launched an attack on the 6,543.8+0.9 million defenders in the three northeastern provinces by adopting the principle of strength, preemptive strike and quick decision.

18 At 22: 20 on September, when the Japanese army invaded major towns in Liaoning and Jilin provinces, the captain of the Liutiaohu detachment of the 2nd Battalion and 3rd Company of the Japanese Kwantung Army Independent Guard led several soldiers to blow up the track of Nanman Railway (Changchun-Dalian) about 800 meters southwest of Beidaying in Fengtian (now Shenyang) and east of Liutiaohu Village. Then, Company 3, which was on standby 3 kilometers north of the explosion point, immediately launched an attack from the defenders of China in the northwest to the north. Subsequently, the main forces of Battalion 2 and Battalion 5 independently attacked Beiying; Twenty-nine regiments of the Second Division and the Third Brigade attacked Fengtian City. 19 1: 20 to 2: 00, the commander of the Kwantung Army, Benji Mao, ordered the main force of the 2nd Division to concentrate from Liaoyang to Fengtian and attack Fengtian City; Independently garrison the third battalion to attack Yingkou, and the fourth battalion to attack Fenghuang and Anton (now Dandong); The 2nd Division, 3rd Brigade, 2nd Cavalry Regiment and Independent Garrison 1 Battalion respectively attacked Kuanchengzi, Erdaogou and Nanling in Changchun. The 7 th Brigade of the Northeast Border Guard stationed at Peking University Camp was suddenly attacked, and some officers and men were forced to fight back in self-defense and spontaneously resisted. However, under Chiang Kai-shek's orders that resistance was not allowed, there was no organized resistance and he almost fled to Fushun and Qingyuan. At 6: 30, the Japanese army captured Peking University Camp, with only 24 casualties. By the time of 10, Japanese troops had successively captured 18 towns such as Toyota, Siping, Yingkou, Fenghuang and Anton along Nanman Railway and Anfeng Railway (Dandong-Shenyang). After being attacked, the 23rd and 25th brigades and artillery regiments of the Northeast Border Guard stationed in Changchun area spontaneously fought back. Until the next day, one of them was disarmed and the other was evacuated to Yushu and other places, and Changchun fell. On June+10/October 1 day, 65438, Taonan garrison ordered Zhang Haipeng to mutiny and sent three regiments to attack Qiqihar, the provincial capital, on the orders of the Japanese army. On June 6, 65438, when entering the Nenjiang Bridge, it was repelled by the Heilongjiang Provincial Defence Force. In order to prevent Japanese and puppet invasion, the defenders blew up Nenjiang Railway Bridge 1, No.2 and No.5.. On 26th, the 29th Regiment of the 2nd Division of the Japanese Army occupied the main stations and towns along the Sitao Railway (Siping-Tao An). On the 27th, Lin Yixiu, head of the secret service in Qiqihar, Japan, proposed to Ma Zhanshan, acting chairman of go-vern-ment in Heilongjiang Province and acting deputy commander of the Northeast Border Guard in Heilongjiang Province that Nenjiang Bridge must be completed before 165438+ 10, otherwise Japan will repair itself under the cover of strength. After this unreasonable request was rejected, Kwantung Army ordered Nenjiang detachment to attack the northern defenders of Nenjiang Bridge on June 4th under the pretext of repairing the bridge. 165438. Ma Zhanshan commanded three brigades and five regiments * * * 65438+more than 6000 people to carry out Jiangqiao War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, and attacked the Japanese Nenjiang detachment and the 2nd Division in Jiangqiao, Daxing, Sanjianfang and Angangxi, fighting until 18 night. Eventually, due to heavy casualties and running out of food and grass, he gave up the provincial capital, retreated to Keshan and Helen, and set up Heilongjiang Province in Helen. 19, the Japanese army captured Qiqihar. In the meantime, the Japanese Central Department was transferred to the Northeast as the 4th Brigade in June 165438+ 10/6.

After the Japanese invaded Jinzhou and Harbin and captured the major towns in Heilongjiang Province, they immediately returned to Fengtian and prepared to attack western Liaoning. 65438+February 65438+May, the Japanese General Staff Department ordered the Kwantung Army to capture Jinzhou. 17, the Central Department of the Japanese Army sent the 8th Brigade to the Kwantung Army from the mainland. Later, the command of the 20 th Division was transferred from North Korea to the Kwantung Army, and the 38 th Brigade was mixed, and the squadron was bombed again. On the 28th, the main force of the 2nd Division crossed the Liaohe River between Tianzhuangtai and Yingkou and attacked Jinzhou. On the 30th, the 39th Huncheng Brigade invaded Dahushan (now Dahushan) from Fengtian and Xinmin. 1932 65438+1On October 2nd, the 20th Division Command led Huncheng 38th Brigade from Fengtian to Shishan (now Linghai) and occupied Jinzhou the next day. At this time, the Northeast Border Guard 12, Brigade 20 and Brigade 3 stationed in Jinzhou have been ordered to evacuate to Luandong, Hebei Province and Jehol (now merged into Liaoning, Hebei and Inner Mongolia). Later, the Kwantung Army took advantage of the "128" War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression outbreak in China, and audio-visual at home and abroad were concentrated in Shanghai, the largest city in China. On the evening of 28th, the 3rd Brigade was ordered to attack Harbin from Changchun, and then the 2nd Division was dispatched from western Liaoning to reinforce the north. On 3 1 day, the Jilin Self-Defense Force, headed by Du Li, the former commander-in-chief of Yilan and the brigade commander of the 24th brigade, rose to defend Harbin. After five days of fierce fighting, the self-defense forces suffered heavy casualties and were forced to retreat to Binxian County to continue organizing the anti-Japanese struggle in Hadong area. On February 5, the Japanese army was trapped in Harbin. Subsequently, the Japanese divided forces to attack Gauguin in Heilongjiang Province and Gauguin in Bin County of Jilin Province, and Gauguin retreated to Helen. 1 In March, the puppet of Japanese imperialism, the puppet Manchukuo, which abolished the emperor Puyi as the "ruling", published "Birth" and electrified it. At this point, the three northeastern provinces became Japanese colonies.