ssp cultural knowledge

1. What are the essential American cultural common senses

The Melting Pot is another name for the United States.

Because the United States is a country composed of immigrants from different nationalities from all over the world. The English spoken by these immigrants does not have strong class and regional diversity like the British English.

They have developed similar living habits and etiquette; the differences between urban and rural residents are not as obvious as those in other countries. Although American society is highly competitive and racially discriminatory, it has shown considerable flexibility and tolerance in assimilating immigrants from different ethnic groups.

As a result, a new overall culture and a unique national consciousness were formed, making the United States "a multi-ethnic country." The American outlook on life is based on personal struggle, self-discipline and a competitive spirit.

Yuppies and Yuffies---Yuppies and Yuffies Yuppies is a new word copied by Americans based on Hippies, which means "young urban professional workers." Yuppies work in professions that require higher education, such as lawyers, doctors, architects, computer programmers, business administrators, etc.

Their annual salary is very high. Yuppies are very successful in their careers, are ambitious, proud of their talents, and live a luxurious life.

Unlike hippies, yuppies have no decadent emotions and do not care about political and social issues. They only care about making money and pursuing a comfortable life. Yafiz means "failed young people in the city".

Although they feel that their lives cannot be compared with the lives of yuppies, they are unwilling to feel lost and vow to find their own destination. Uncle Sam is the nickname and symbol of the United States.

Uncle Sam’s English name is Uncle Sam, and its abbreviation is U. S.

It happens to be the same as the English abbreviation of the United States. But how did it become a nickname and a symbol of America? The common saying is: In 1812, during the American-British War, there was a businessman (some say he was a military ordering official) named Samuel? Samuel Wilson (1776-1854), people usually call him Uncle Sam.

The beef boxes bought by the American *** are stamped with U. S.

words. People then joked that these were stamped with U.

S. The boxes with the inscription all belong to Uncle Sam.

Later, "Uncle Sam" became the nickname of the United States. In the 1830s, American painters painted "Uncle Sam" as a thin old man with a goatee and a star-spangled flag on his hat and trousers.

Black Friday---Black Friday The word "black" comes from the martyrdom day of Jesus (Good Friday). On October 19, 1987, stock prices in the New York Stock Market plummeted. Because that day was a Friday, it was called "Black Friday" in the stock market.

On October 19, the stock indexes in the New York stock market generally fell sharply, surpassing the record stock plunge on October 28, 1929, which triggered the Great Depression. Shortly after the market opened that day, there was a frenzy of selling stocks. The New York stock market set a record-breaking 604.3 billion shares traded, causing heavy losses to several large companies in the United States. The entire stock value of 5,000 listed companies fell in one day. 500 billion US dollars.

The plunge in stock values ??quickly swept through major financial markets around the world, causing great panic in the West. This stock plunge was the worst for the stock market since World War I, and also the worst decline in the history of Wall Street. The most severe one.

2. Common knowledge of ancient culture in Canglin

Canglin

Pinyin: cāng lǐn

Source: "Book of Rites"

Definition: A warehouse for storing rice grains

Lin: Mi Zang Yue Lin

A warehouse for storing rice grains.

1. "Mozi Feile Shang": "The gentleman... manages the government internally, and gathers the benefits of the mountains, forests, and beams of Guanshi, and consolidates the warehouses and treasury. This is how he divides things."

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2. "Book of Rites·Yue Ling": "In the month of Jichun... there is an order to send a secretary to the warehouse to give the poor and the poor." Kong Yingda quoted Cai Yong and said: "Guzang is called Cang, Mi Zang is called Cang. "

3. "Historical Records·The Chronicles of the Five Emperors": "Yao gave Shun robes and harp to build a warehouse and cattle and sheep."

4. "Yao Zhen" Fan Jimu granted the title of "Wailang System to Shangshu Cangbu Yuanwailang": "When I have autumn, Dashi Canglin will be established."

5. Song Fan Zhongyan's "Two Strategies for Upward Attack and Defense - Discussion on Defense": "In the past few years, , where the grain was accumulated, the barns were full."

6. Chapter 71 of "Records of the States of the Eastern Zhou Dynasty" by Feng Menglong of the Ming Dynasty: "(Qi) Jinggong got rid of the punishment and opened the barns to lend money to the poor. Yue. So he was recruited from the eastern princes."

7. "Xiao Ting Zalu·Chunhuang Loves the People" written by Qing Zhaoyi: "There were occasional disasters in the area, so he ordered the warehouses to be opened and rent and tax exempted.

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3. Some traditional cultural knowledge (with answers)

Why do you need so many? Give it a try! (I think of it all~~~)

1. What is the symbol of China (dragon)

2. Which two tribes fought in Zhuolu in ancient times (Huang Emperor Chiyou)

3. The first thought in Chinese history What is the Great Liberation and when did it happen (A Hundred Schools of Thought Contended for Qin)

4. List 4 schools of thought that participated in the Hundred Schools of Thought (such as Confucianism, Mohism, Taoism and Legalism)

5. A festival to commemorate historical figures , is also a festival where mugwort is hung (Dragon Boat Festival)

6. Try to name the Heavenly Stems and Earthly Branches (Ten Heavenly Stems: A, B, C, Ding, Wu, Ji, Geng, Xin, Ren and Gui, the Twelve Earthly Branches: Zichou, Yinmao, Chen, Wuwei, Youxuhai)< /p>

7. Which famous painting can reflect the prosperous economy of the Song Dynasty ("Along the River During the Qingming Festival")

8. Who invented the brush according to legend (Meng Tian)

9. When did Buddhism come to China (Eastern Han Dynasty)

10. Name the four famous grottoes in China (Mogao Grottoes in Gansu, Yungang Grottoes in Shanxi, Longmen Grottoes in Henan, and Maijishan Grottoes in Gansu) )

11. Which one is known as the "ancestor of all operas" (Kun Opera)

12. Which is the most famous Kun opera and is deeply loved by Lin Daiyu? ("The Peony Pavilion")

13. In which dynasty was blue and white porcelain most prosperous? (Yuan Dynasty)

14. Who are the painting sages, calligraphers, and medical sages (Wu Daozi, Wang Xizhi, Zhang Zhongjing)

15. Which religion proposed the three stars of fortune, wealth and longevity (Taoism)

16. What is the religion native to China (Taoism)?

17. List the festivals with the same number of months and days (Dragon Boat Festival, Double Ninth Festival, Chinese Valentine's Day)

18. List the famous representatives of Ming and Qing novels (such as "The Scholars" and the Four Great Classics)

19. Is Nuo one of the origins of Chinese drama (Yes)

20. When did the imperial examination system originate (Sui Dynasty)

4. A large collection of common knowledge about ancient Chinese culture What to pay attention to

There are generally three situations in which you call yourself by name: (1) Call yourself by your given name

For example, "Within five steps, Xiangru will be able to get blood splattered on his neck." , "Luling Wen Tianxiang prefaced his poem" (2) for introduction or biography.

For example, "Liu Jingting was a native of Taizhou". ) refers to people who are disgusted and despised.

For example, "Unfortunately, Lu Shi Meng Gou was evil in the past, and Jia Yuqing was flattering in the future." There is a meaningful connection between the word and the name.

The word is used for the convenience of others, and it is out of politeness and respect for the peers or seniors. For example, Qu Ping is called Qu Yuan, and Sima Qian is called Sima Zichang. , Tao Yuanming is Tao Yuanliang, Li Bai is Li Taibai, Du Fu is Du Zimei, Han Yu is Han Tuizhi, Liu Zongyuan is Liu Zihou, Ouyang Xiu is Ouyang Yongshu, Sima Guang is Sima Junshi, Su Shi is Su Zizhan, Su Che is Su Ziyou wait.

Title numbers are also called nicknames and table numbers. The fundamental difference between a name, a given name and a nickname is that the former is chosen by the father or elders, while the latter is chosen by oneself.

The title is generally only used to refer to oneself to show a certain interest or express a certain emotion; it is also a respectful title for a person. For example: Tao Qian was known as Mr. Wuliu, Li Bai was known as Qinglian Jushi, Du Fu was known as Shaoling Yelao, Bai Juyi was known as Xiangshan Jushi, Li Shangyin was known as Yuxisheng, He Zhizhang was known as Siming Kuangke in his later years, Ouyang Xiu was known as Drunkard, and Liuyi Jushi in his later years. In his later years, Wang Anshi was known as Banshan, Su Shi was known as Dongpo Jushi, Lu You was known as Fangweng, Wen Tianxiang was known as Wenshan, Xin Qiji was known as Jiaxuan, Li Qingzhao was known as Yi Anjushi, Yang Wanli was known as Chengzhai, Luo Guanzhong was known as Huhaisanren, Guan Hanqing was known as Jizhaisou, and Wu Chengen The names are from Sheyangshan, Fang Bao is from Wangxi, Wu Jian is from Foshan, Yuan Mei is from Suiyuan Laoren, and Liu E is from Hongdu Bailiansheng.

Posthumous titles: In ancient times, the titles added to princes, generals, ministers, senior officials, and famous scribes after their death were called posthumous titles. For example, Tao Yuanming is called Jingjie Zhengshi, Ouyang Xiu is Ouyang Wenzhong Gong, Wang Anshi is Wang Wengong, Fan Zhongyan is Fan Wenzhenggong, Wang Ao is Wang Zhongsu Gong, Zuo Guangdou is Zuo Zhongyi Gong, Shi Kefa is Shi Zhonglie Gong, and Lin Zexu is Lin Wenzhong. male.

Calling the official Qin Hui Miao Chou is an "evil posthumous title". Calling a house by its name means calling it by its house number or room number.

For example, the name of Yang Wanli's restaurant in the Southern Song Dynasty was Chengzhai, and people called it Yang Chengzhai; Yao Nai was called Mr. Yao Xibao and Xibao because his restaurant was named Xibaoxuan. Another example is calling Pu Songling Mr. Liaozhai, Liang Qichao the owner of the ice drinking room, and Tan Sitong Tan Zhuangfei (the name of his restaurant is Zhuangfei Tower).

For example, the poet Meng Haoran of the Tang Dynasty was from Xiangyang, so he was called Meng Xiangyang; Zhang Jiuling was from Qujiang, so he was called Zhang Qujiang; Liu Zongyuan was from Hedong (now Yongji, Shanxi), so he was called Liuhedong; the Northern Song Dynasty Wang Anshi was from Linchuan, Jiangxi, so he was called Wang Linchuan; the Ming Dynasty dramatist Tang Xianzu was called Tang Linchuan (from Linchuan, Jiangxi); the Qing Dynasty playwright Gu Yanwu was from Tinglin Town, Kunshan, Jiangsu, and was called Gu Tinglin; Kang Youwei was from Nanhai, Guangdong He was known as Kang Nanhai; the leader of the Beiyang warlord Yuan Shikai was known as Yuan Xiangcheng (from Xiangcheng, Henan). There is a famous couplet full of irony in the late Qing Dynasty: "The Prime Minister Hefei is thin in the world, and the agricultural minister is always familiar with the world's famine.

"

"Hefei" in the first line refers to Li Hongzhang (from Hefei, Anhui Province), and "Changshu" in the second line refers to Weng Tongjie, who was born in Changshu, Jiangsu Province. Although the title of Junwang Han Yu is from Heyang, Hanoi (now Mengxian County, Henan Province) However, because the Han family in Changli (now Yixian, Liaoning) was a prominent family in the Tang Dynasty, Han Yu often called himself "Changli Han Yu", and the world called him Han Changli.

Another example is Su Shi, who was originally from Sichuan. Although he was a native of Zhao County, he sometimes jokingly called him "Su Shi of Zhao County" or "Su Zhao County" because the Su family was a prominent family in Zhao County. , so he was called because he had been awarded the official position of general to fight against the captives.

"Meihua Ridge" has "Jing Lue came from the north" and "it is said that Taishi Yan used troops to relieve the enemy, and Wen Shaobao also used it. In the sentence "Wu Da Guang Guang Dharma Cicada escapes", "Jing Lue" is Hong Chengchou's official position, "Taishi" is the provincial title of Yan Zhenqing's official position "Prince Taishi", and "Shaobao" is Wen Tianxiang's official position. "Book with His Wife": "Sima Chunshan, I can't imitate the Supreme Being's forgetfulness of love. "

"Sima" refers to Bai Juyi, who once served as Sima of Jiangzhou. It was quite common in ancient times to use official names as appellation of people, such as calling Jia Yi Jia Taifu; Ruan Ji, one of the "Seven Sages of the Bamboo Forest" He once served as an infantry captain, and was known as Ruan Infantry in the world; Ji Kang once worshiped Zhongsan as a doctor, and was known as Ji Zhongsan in the world; Wang Xizhi, a great calligrapher in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, was promoted to the general of Youjun, and people still call him Wang Youjun; Wang Wei once served as Shangshu Youcheng, and is known as Wang Youcheng in the world. ; Du Fu once served as Zuo Shiyi, so he was called Du Shiyi, and because he served as Wailang, a member of the inspection and work department, he was also called Du Gongbu; Liu Yuxi once served as a guest of the prince, and was called Liu guest; Liu Yong once served as a farm worker. Wai Lang was known as Liu Tuntian; Su Shi once served as a Hanlin scholar in Duanming Palace and was known as Su Xueshi.

He was named "Xunjian Shikang" and "Kou Lai Gong was the most extravagant in modern times." Kou Zhun. His title is Lai Guogong, and Lai Gong is the provincial name. "Prince Heshuo Yu calls him Mr." in "The Story of Meihua Ridge". In the Qing Dynasty, Duduo was named Prince of Yu.

"The Biography of Liu Jingting". "When Ningnan went south, Anhui commander wanted to marry Ningnan and paid tribute to Ningnan." Ningnan was the provincial name of Zuoliang Yujue in the late Ming Dynasty. Another example is that Zhuge Liang once conferred the title of Marquis of Wuxiang. He is known as the Marquis of Wu; the poet Xie Lingyun of the Southern and Northern Dynasties inherited the title of his ancestor Xie Xuan, Kang Le Gong, and was named Xie Kang Le in his later life; Wei Zheng, a famous prime minister in the early Tang Dynasty, was granted the title of Duke Zheng Guogong, and was called Duke of Wei Zheng in his later life; the famous general Guo Ziyi was awarded the title of Fen for his contribution in pacifying the "Anshi Rebellion" Prince Yang, known as Guo Fenyang in the world; the great calligrapher Chu Suiliang was granted the title of Duke of Henan, known as Chu Henan in the world; Wang Anshi of the Northern Song Dynasty was granted the title of Duke of Jing, known as King Jinggong in the world; Sima Guang was knighted as Duke of Wen, known as Sima Wen in the world; Zhu Yuanzhang in the early Ming Dynasty The minister Liu Ji was given the title of "Sincerity Bo", and people called him "Sincerity Bo".

The official place refers to the name of the place where the official is appointed. For example, "The Battle of Chibi": "Where do you want to go in Yuzhou now?" "Because Liu Bei once served as the governor of Yuzhou, it was called the official land.

Another example is that Jia Yi was demoted to the prince of Changsha and was known as Jia Changsha in the world; Kong Rong, one of the "Seven Sons of Jian'an", served as the Prime Minister of Beihai. He is known as Kong Beihai in the world; Tao Yuanming once served as the magistrate of Pengze County, known as Tao Pengze in the world; King Luo Bin once served as the Prime Minister of Linhai County, known as Luo Linhai in the world; Cen Shen once served as the governor of Jiazhou, known as Cen Jiazhou in the world; Wei Yingwu once served as the governor of Suzhou, known as Wei Suzhou in the world Liu Zongyuan once served as the governor of Liuzhou, known as Liuliuzhou in the world; Jia Dao once served as the chief administrator of Changjiang County, known as Jia Changjiang in the world. His collection of poems is called "Changjiang Collection" and is also known as "The Story of Traveling to Baochan Mountain". , Luling Xiaojun Guijunyu, Changle King returned to his deep father.

5. What are the cultural common sense about food?

Five grains refer to the five types of grains in ancient times. "Five grains" have many different meanings in ancient times, the most important of which are two: one refers to rice, millet, millet, wheat, and bean sprouts; the other refers to hemp, millet, millet, millet, wheat, and bean sprouts. The difference between the two is: the former has rice but no hemp, and the latter has hemp but no rice. The ancient economic and cultural center was in the Yellow River Basin, and the main producing area of ??rice was in the south. However, rice cultivation was limited in the north, so initially there was no rice among the "five grains".

There are five kinds of animals, and the specific meanings are different: one refers to cattle, sheep, pigs, dogs, and chickens; one refers to elk, deer, mill, wolf, and rabbit; and another refers to Mill, deer, bear, wolf, wild boar. The first theory is more widely circulated.

The five flavors refer to the five flavors: sour, salty, sweet (sweet), bitter, and spicy (spicy). Cooking pays attention to the "harmony of five flavors".

The six kinds of livestock refer to six kinds of domestic animals: horses, cattle, sheep, pigs, dogs, and chickens.

Bazhen refers to eight precious foods in ancient times. Its specific meaning varies with time and region. Volume 9 of Tao Zongyi's "Records of Stopping Farming in Nancun" says: "The so-called eight treasures are glutinous rice, musk deer, wild camel's hoof, deer lip, camel milk, swan roast, purple jade pulp, and xuanyu pulp." Later generations used dragon liver. , phoenix marrow, leopard fetus, carp tail, owl roast, orangutan lip, bear paw, and cheese cicada are the eight treasures.

6. Cultural common sense

The ancients divided the twenty-eight constellations into four directions: east, north, west and south. The seven constellations in each direction were imagined as four animal images, called the four elephant.

The Eastern Qisu resembles a giant dragon flying in the night sky in spring and early summer, so it is called Dong Cang Long; the Northern Qisu resembles snakes and turtles appearing in the night sky in summer and early autumn, so it is called Northern Xuanwu; The Suyou tiger leaps out of the night sky in late autumn and early winter, so it is called the Western White Tiger; the Southern Qisu looks like a flying redbird, appearing in the night sky in the cold winter and early spring, so it is called the Southern Suzaku. Another name for the moon The moon is the most prominently described object among the natural objects mentioned in ancient poems and articles.

Its other names can be divided into: (1) Because the first moon looks like a hook, it is called silver hook or jade hook. (2) Because the crescent moon is like a bow, it is called jade bow or bow moon.

(3) Because the full moon is like a wheel, a disk, or a mirror, it is called a gold wheel, a moon wheel, a silver disk, a jade disk, a gold mirror, or a jade mirror. (4) Because it is said that there are rabbits and toads in the middle of the moon, it is called Silver Rabbit, Jade Rabbit, Golden Toad, Silver Toad, and Toad Palace.

(5) Because it is said that there is a laurel tree in the moon, it is called laurel moon, laurel wheel, laurel palace and laurel soul. (6) Because it is said that there are two palaces in the middle of the month, Guanghan and Qingxu, they are called Guanghan and Qingxu.

(7) Because it is said that Wangshu, the god who drives the moon, is called Wangshu, the moon is called Wangshu. (8) Because it is said that Chang'e lives in the middle of the moon, the moon is called Chang'e.

(9) Because people often compare beautiful women to the moon, they call the moon Chanjuan. Ancient Geography Rivers In many ancient articles, they specifically refer to the Yangtze River and the Yellow River.

For example, "Hongmen Banquet": "Generals fight in Henan, ministers fight in Hebei." "On the Passage of Qin": "Then practice Hua Hua City, because the river is a pond."

"Sacrifice to Sisters" "The first tomb is in Hangzhou, the river is wide and the river is deep", where "jiang" refers to the Yangtze River and "he" refers to the canal. Xihe is also called Hexi, the area west of the Yellow River.

For example, "The Biography of Lian Po and Lin Xiangru": "Meet at Mianchi outside the Xihe River." "On the Passage of Qin": "So the Qin people handed over and took the place outside the Xihe River."

Jiangdong Yangtze River Edom. For example, Li Qingzhao's poem says: "I still miss Xiang Yu and refuse to cross Jiangdong."

"Battle of Chibi": "With the help of my father and brother, I separatized Jiangdong." Jiangzuo is Jiangdong.

The ancients regarded east as left and west as right. "The meeting of heroes and Jiang Qian fell into the trap": "Immediately, I sent an order to summon the heroes on the left side of the Yangtze River to meet Ziyi."

The river refers to the area south of the Yangtze River. "Battle of Chibi": "The heroes on the river surface, Xian returned to them."

The general name for Jiangnan and the south of the Yangtze River, and the area it refers to varies from time to time. Bai Juyi's poem goes: "The south of the Yangtze River is good, and the scenery is familiar to me before."

Wang Anshi's poem goes: "The spring breeze is green again on the south bank of the river. When will the bright moon shine on me again?" Huaizuo east of the Huai River.

"Yangzhou Slowness" "The famous capital of Huaizuo, the best place in Zhuxi", Yangzhou is to the east of Huai River. As the name suggests, Shandong is on the east side of the mountains.

However, it should be noted that the "mountain" in "Shandong" can refer to several different mountains such as Mount Wei, Mount Huashan, Mount Taihang, Mount Tai, etc., and the regions they refer to are not the same. The following is "Shandong" with Weishan as the standard.

For example, the "Book of Han" once mentioned that "Shandong will produce prime ministers, and Shanxi will produce generals." "Hongmen Banquet": "When Peigong lived in Shandong, he was greedy for wealth."

"On the Passage of Qin": "The heroes of Shandong then merged and destroyed the Qin tribe." In ancient times, Guandong refers to Hangu Pass or The area east of Tongguan refers to the northeastern area east of Shanhaiguan in modern times.

Cao Cao's "Hao Li Xing": "There are righteous men in Guandong, who raised troops to fight against the evil forces." Refers to the area east of Tongguan.

Guanxi refers to the area west of Hangu Pass or Tongguan. "Battle of Chibi": "Ma Chao and Han Sui are still in Guanxi, so they are worried about future troubles."

Guanzhong refers to different scopes. The ancients used to call the area west of Hangu Pass Guanzhong. "Hongmen Banquet": "Pei Gong wanted to be king in Guanzhong and made his son and infant his prime minister."

"On the Passage of Qin": "The first emperor's heart was that Guanzhong was solid." Chronology The main chronology in ancient my country There are four types: (1) The method of chronology of the year when the prince ascended the throne.

The year is marked by the number of years the prince has been in power. "The Biography of Lian Lin": "In the sixteenth year of King Zhao Huiwen, Lian Po was the general of Zhao."

(2) Year number chronology. Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty began to have reign names.

After that, every emperor who came to the throne had to change the Yuan Dynasty and mark the year with the year name. Such as the "Ten Years of Yuanhe" in "Pipa Xing".

(3) Calculation of stems and branches. For example, "Tombstone Notes of Five People": "I still remember that Duke Zhou was arrested, and I looked forward to it in the third month of Dingmao."

(4) The use of both stems and branches in the year number. When recording the year, the emperor's year number is placed first, and the stems and branches are listed behind.

"The Autumn Day of Tianqi Renxu" in "The Chronicle of Nuclear Boat". There are three main methods of marking the moon in ancient my country: Ordinal method of marking the moon. For example, in "Collecting Herbs": "Like flowers in March on the plains, there are flowers in April in the deep mountains."

Earthly Branches Monthly Method. The ancients often referred to the twelve earthly branches as twelve months, and a specific word "build" was added before each earthly branch.

For example, Du Fu's poem "The Thatched Cottage": "The deserted village is built in the month of Zi, and the only tree is the old man's house." "The month of Jian Zi" refers to the eleventh month of the lunar calendar according to the Zhou Dynasty's lunar calendar. The law of seasons and months.

For example, "Nineteen Ancient Poems": "The cold air is coming in Mengdong, and the north wind is so miserable." "Mengdong" represents the tenth month of the lunar calendar.

There are four main types of date-keeping methods in ancient my country: Ordinal date-keeping method. "Xiangjixuan Zhi": "On the night of March 5th, the moon is half bright."

"March 5th" refers to the 15th day of the lunar calendar. The method of keeping track of the stems and branches.

For example, "The Battle of Yao": "Xinsi in the fourth month of summer, defeated the Qin army in Yao." "Xinsi in April" refers to the moon phase calendar method of April 13th in the lunar calendar.

It refers to using special names to express the moon phases such as "朔, 朏 (fei), Wang, Ji Wang, Hui" to mark the date. The first day of each month is called Shuo, the third day of each month is called Shuo, the middle of the month is called Wang (the fifteenth day of the small month and the sixteenth day of the big month), the day after Wang is called Ji Wang, and the last day of each month is called Hui.

Use both stems, branches and moon phases. The stems and branches are placed in front, and the moon phase is placed behind.

Time-keeping methods There are two main types of time-keeping methods in ancient my country: The sky color time-keeping method.

The ancients originally divided the day and night into twelve hours based on the changes in the sky. Their names are: midnight, rooster crow, Pingdan, sunrise, eclipse time, Yu (yu), Rizhong, Ri 昳 (die), and midday. (bu) Time, sunrise, dusk, and people are determined.

For example, "The Peacock Flies Southeast": "The cock crows into the machine, and it can't rest night after night." "After the dying dusk, the lonely man settles in the beginning."

Earthly Branches Time Law . The twelve earthly branches represent the changes in the twelve hours of the day and night.

There are roughly three situations in which people are called by their names: (1) Calling yourself by your given name. For example, "Within five steps, Xiangru will be able to splatter blood on his neck," and "Luling Wen Tianxiang prefaces his poem by himself."

(2) Used for introduction or biography. For example, "Sui and Lu Su both went to Sun Quan", "Liu Jingting was a native of Taizhou".

(3) Call someone you hate or despise. For example, "Unfortunately, Master Lu and Meng Gou were evil in the front, and Jia Yuqing was flattering in the back."

Call the ancients young.