Kuwait information?

Country name: The State of Kuwait

Independence Day: June 19 (1961)

National Day: February 25 ( 1950, the day when the 11th generation Emir ascended the throne)

Flag: horizontal rectangle, with a length-to-width ratio of 2:1. The side next to the flagpole is a black trapezoid, and the right side is composed of equal-width horizontal bars of green, white, and red from top to bottom. Black symbolizes defeating the enemy, green represents the oasis, white represents purity, and red symbolizes bloodshed for the motherland. There is another saying that black symbolizes the battlefield and red symbolizes the future.

National emblem: circular. A white falcon spreads its wings to form a circle with sea water, blue sky, white clouds and sailboats traveling on the sea. It symbolizes Kuwait in history. On the chest of the falcon is a shield-shaped national flag pattern, with "State of Kuwait" written in Arabic on the top of the circle.

Head of State: Emir Jaber Al-Ahmed Al-Sabah, who ascended the throne on December 31, 1977, and is the 13th Emir.

Physical geography: area of ??17,818 square kilometers. It is located on the northwest coast of the Persian Gulf in western Asia, bordering Iraq to the west and north, Saudi Arabia to the south, and the Persian Gulf to the east. The coastline is 213 kilometers long. The northeastern part is an alluvial plain, and the rest is a desert plain, with some hills interspersed in between. The terrain is higher in the west and lower in the east. There are no rivers or lakes with water all year round. Groundwater resources are abundant, but fresh water is scarce. There are more than 10 islands including Bubiyan and Faraka. Tropical desert climate, hot and dry.

Population: 2.24 million (2001). Among them, the Kuwaiti population is 850,000, accounting for 38% of the total population. There are 1.39 million foreign nationals, accounting for 62%. The foreign expatriates mainly include Palestinians and Egyptians, and the rest are Indian, Iranian, Pakistani and other Arabs. Arabic is the official language and English is commonly used. Islam is the state religion, and 95% of the residents believe in Islam, of which about 70% are Sunni and 30% are Shia.

Capital: Kuwait City, population 380,000 (2000).

Brief history: It was part of the Arab Empire in the 7th century AD. From 1581, the Khalid family ruled Kuwait. In 1710, the Sabah family of the Anaiza tribe living in Najd, Arabian Peninsula, moved to Kuwait. In 1756, they obtained the right to rule and established the Emirate of Kuwait. In 1822, the British governor moved from Basra to Kuwait. In 1871 Coe became a county in the Basra Province of the Ottoman Empire. In 1899, the British forced Cote d'Ivoire to sign a secret agreement between the two countries, and Britain became the suzerainty of Cote d'Ivoire. In 1939, Cote officially became a British protectorate. In 1954, Cote established a Supreme Council headed by Sheikh Abdullah Sabah. In 1960, it took over the judicial power and currency management power from the British. Kuwait declared independence on June 19, 1961. It was occupied by Iraqi troops on August 2, 1990, which triggered the Gulf War. On March 6, 1991, the Gulf War ended, and Kuwait Emir Jaber and other government officials returned to Kuwait.

Politics: Kuwait is a hereditary monarchy and the emir is the head of state and supreme commander of the armed forces. All laws, treaties and agreements with foreign countries must be approved by the emir before they can come into effect. All political party activities are prohibited in the country. Important cabinet positions are held by members of the royal family. Cote is a completely independent Arab country. Islam is the state religion and its teachings are the basis of legislation. The emir must be hereditary from the descendants of Mubarak Sabah. The legislative power is exercised by the Emir and the Parliament, and the Emir has the right to dissolve Parliament and postpone the session of the Parliament; the executive power is exercised by the Emir, the Prime Minister and Cabinet Ministers; the judicial power is exercised by the court in the name of the Emir within the scope of the constitution; the appointment of the Crown Prince Nominated by the emir and approved by the parliament; the emir appoints and removes the prime minister, and appoints and removes cabinet ministers based on the prime minister's nomination. The National Assembly is a unicameral legislative body. Its main functions are: formulating and passing various national laws and regulations; supervising the implementation of national finance; and exercising various political powers. The Parliament consists of 50 nationally elected members and current cabinet ministers, each serving a four-year term. The government is composed of the Crown Prince, Prime Minister and Cabinet Ministers, who are responsible for executing the country's domestic and foreign policies and are accountable to the Emir.

Economy: Kuwait is rich in oil and natural gas reserves. The proven oil reserves are 96.8 billion barrels, accounting for 10.8% of the world's reserves, ranking fourth in the world. Natural gas reserves are 1.498 trillion cubic meters, accounting for 1.1% of the world's reserves. Oil is Kuwait's main source of fiscal revenue and the backbone of its national economy. Its output value accounts for 40% of the GDP and 95% of the foreign exchange earned from exports. Non-oil production output value accounts for 60% of the GDP (including agriculture and fishery 0.4%, manufacturing 13.3%, electrical and water 0.1%, construction 2.7%, wholesale and retail 6.3%, catering Hotel industry 0.8%, transportation, warehousing and communications 4.6%, finance 4%, insurance 0.2%, real estate and business services 7.3%, community social services 22.4%, etc.).

In recent years, while focusing on the development of the petroleum and petrochemical industries, the government has also emphasized the development of diversified economies, reduced dependence on petroleum, and continuously increased foreign investment. The industry is dominated by oil mining, smelting and petrochemicals. Kuwait's current export quota in OPEC is 2 million barrels per day, and its actual daily production is 2.2 million barrels. The daily refining capacity is 860,000 barrels. The main oil fields in Kuwait are the Great Burgan Oil Field, located in southeastern Kuwait. The Great Burgan Oilfield is the world's largest sandstone oilfield and the world's second largest oilfield after the Ghawar Oilfield. Kuwait has about 14,182 hectares of arable land and about 156 hectares of soil-free cultivation area. In recent years, the government has attached great importance to the development of agriculture, but the proportion of agricultural output in GDP accounted for only 1.1% at its highest. Mainly producing vegetables, agricultural and animal husbandry products mainly rely on imports. It is rich in fishery resources, including prawns, groupers and croakers. Foreign trade plays an important role in the economy. The main export commodities are oil, natural gas and chemical products, with oil exports accounting for 95% of total exports. Imported goods include machinery, transportation equipment, industrial products, grain and food, etc.

News and publishing: There are 7 daily newspapers in the country, including 5 Arabic editions: "Opinion", "Politics", "Torch", "Motherland" and "News" ; There are two English versions: "Kuwait Times" and "Arab Times". There are 56 kinds of magazines, most of which are privately owned. Kuwait News Agency is a national news agency founded in October 1956. It has been publishing news abroad in Arabic and English since 1980. Kuwait Radio was built in 1951 and broadcasts in Arabic and English. Kuwait Television was established in December 1962 and broadcasts Arabic and English programs on four channels. Egyptian satellite television programs are also relayed through satellite receiving stations.

Diplomacy: Pursue the policy of peace, neutrality and non-alignment, and advocate the development of relations with all countries on the basis of the Five Principles of Peace and Security. Emphasizing that international disputes should be resolved through peaceful means and committed to safeguarding Kuwait's independence, sovereignty and territorial integrity. It will maintain sanctions on Iraq and seek sympathy and protection from the international community as its diplomatic priorities. It has close relations with the United States and other Western countries, and has US troops stationed there. Actively safeguard the unity of Arab countries, strive to strengthen ties with Islamic countries, emphasize coordination and cooperation among Gulf Cooperation Council member states in political, economic, military and other fields, and jointly maintain security and stability in the Gulf region, advocating and " Damascus Declaration" countries coordinate on regional security. In international affairs, Cote advocates the establishment of a fair and reasonable new international order, opposes aggression and expansion, and believes that the United Nations should play a role in maintaining world security and peace. Advocate for solving the debt problem of the third world. Cote is a member of the League of Arab States, the Arab Parliamentary Union, the Gulf Cooperation Council, the Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries and the Organization of the Arab Petroleum Exporting Countries.

Relations with China: On March 22, 1971, Kuwait established diplomatic relations with China.