It is very important to introduce Quyang from geographical location, topography, economy and culture, including administration.

Quyang, a county under the jurisdiction of Baoding City, is located in the southwest of Baoding City, Hebei Province, China, at the east foot of Taihang Mountain, and is known as the hometown of sculpture. It has a population of 600,000 (20 10 year), an area of 1083.7 square kilometers, governs 4 towns and 14 townships, and the county seat is in Hengzhou Town. The leading industries of industry are sculpture, cement, auto parts, coal mining, etc. Agriculture mainly produces corn, wheat and millet, and is rich in pears and jujubes. It has jurisdiction over four towns (13): Hengzhou Town, Lingshan Town, Yangping Town, Zhao Yan Town, Wende Township, Chande Township, Lu Zhuangzi Township, Dangcheng Township, Xiao Mu Township, Qicun Township, Xiaolin Township, Langjiazhuang Township, Zhuangke Township, Beitai Township, Fanjiazhuang Township, Dongdi Village Township, Dongwang Township and Xiahe Township.

I. Location advantages

Quyang is located in the west of North China Plain, at the eastern foot of Taihang Mountain, Baoding City, and the developing economic zones of Beijing, Tianjin, Baoding and Tangshan. Baoding is located at the eastern foot of North Taihang Mountain. North latitude 3810'-40 00', east longitude113 40'-16 20'. It connects Beijing and Zhangjiakou in the north, Langfang and Cangzhou in the east, Shijiazhuang and Hengshui in the south and Shanxi Province in the west. The city center is 0/40km away from Beijing/Kloc-0 in the north, 0/45km away from Tianjin/Kloc-0 in the east and 0/25km away from Shijiazhuang/Kloc-0 in the southwest, which can directly reach the Capital Airport, Zhengding Airport and Tianjin, Qinhuangdao, Huanghua and other seaports. Beijing-Guangzhou Railway, Beijing-Kunming Expressway, 107 National Highway, Beijing-Hong Kong-Macao Expressway, Baojin Expressway, Binbao Expressway, Baocang Expressway and Zhangshi Expressway make Baoding have a transportation network extending in all directions. Beijing-Hong Kong-Macao Expressway, Wurong Expressway, Beijing-Kunming Expressway and Baocang-Fu Bao Expressway are interconnected around Baoding, forming a high-speed outer ring. The Beijing-Shijiazhuang Passenger Dedicated Line (high-speed railway) that has already started and the Jinbao Intercity Railway (high-speed railway) that will soon start will realize the bus connection from 30 minutes to Beijing and 40 minutes to Tianjin, further consolidating the location position and becoming an important railway transportation hub port in North China. The city's communication is smooth and fast. In terms of mobile communication, China Mobile, China Unicom and China Telecom successively built 3G networks in Baoding, becoming one of the first 10 cities in China and one of the three cities in China with two 3G networks at the same time (the other two are Shanghai and Wuxi). Sufficient electricity; Life service facilities are complete, medical and health care machinery is perfect, and there are many cultural and entertainment places.

Baoding is the gateway to the capital. It used to be "there are three customs in the north, nine provinces in the south, and four counties in the land, which is the highest in the state". In history, Yan State, Sun Yat-sen State and post-Yan Dou once established their capitals, which was the first of the eight counties in the Qing Dynasty. It was called "Gancheng in the north of Hebei, and the capital in the south was Han". Now it is one of the two wings of the Greater Beijing Economic Circle and the main satellite city in Beijing, and it is known as the "Capital of Gyeonggi" and the "South Gate of the Capital".

During the 11th Five-Year Plan period, Baoding has planned and built seven expressways, namely, Baocang, Zhuo Lang, Zhangshi, Daguang, Fu Bao, Wurong and Zhang Zhuo, with a mileage of 80 1 km and a total investment of more than 50 billion yuan, accounting for one quarter of the total investment in the province. After the completion of all expressways, the mileage of Baoding will reach 1.200 km, accounting for the proportion of the whole province. By then, Baoding will only need 1 hour drive to the counties under its jurisdiction, and Beijing, Tianjin, Shijiazhuang and Cangzhou will only need 100 minute drive. Baoding will become a "highway hub port" with a thoroughfare from north to south and a link between the east and the west. Baoding Diangu Overpass, the largest urban overpass in Hebei Province, completed on September 28th, 2009, has played a greater role in Baoding traffic. Highway traffic will connect Beijing and Tianjin, connect the coast, and connect Shanxi and Mongolia in the west, forming a traffic integration pattern of Beijing, Tianjin and Mongolia.

Second, history and humanities.

Quyang has a long history, and it is named because it is located on the sunny side of Hengshan Mountain in Gubei (now damao mountain). After the Qin Dynasty (2265438 BC+0-207 BC) unified the six countries, it was divided into 36 counties, which started in Quyang County and belonged to Julu County with a history of more than 2,000 years. The Yuan Dynasty (A.D. 127 1-1368) upgraded Quyang to Hengzhou and Xiaxian, so Quyang was also called "Hengzhou". Quyang has a profound cultural heritage. According to the excavation of Lingshan Cave in the north of the county seat, as early as hundreds of thousands of years ago, there were Chinese apes here. Clan tribes appeared here during Yangshao culture five or six thousand years ago. By the Shang and Zhou Dynasties (BC17th century-22 BC1year), villages had appeared in the northwest of the county. A long history has given birth to many prime ministers such as Lin Xiangru, Du Bi and Wang An, more than 30 marshals and generals such as Li Zuoche, Li Jin and Di Shi, and dozens of philosophers, historians, militarists, strategists and sculptors such as Huang Shigong, Du Taiqing and Yang Qiong. For thousands of years, Lin Xiangru endured humiliation for the country and the people, "Quyang Ghost" gave his life to save people from danger, Wang Anzhong was incorruptible and punished greed, and Yang Qiong's noble character and excellent moral character of building the country and working hard were inherited and carried forward by Zhao Yan's children, which also cast the spirit and soul of Quyang people.

Third, the hometown of sculpture

Quyang enjoys a high reputation because he created a splendid stone carving culture. According to legend, it was Sean's teacher, Huang Shigong, who was as famous as Guiguzi, who wrote "Carving the Book of Heaven". Only then did someone create stone carvings and wood carvings on Huangshan Mountain. By the Western Han Dynasty (206 BC-25 AD), sculpture had flourished and was praised as "the hometown of sculpture" by Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty. Since then, Quyang stone carving has stepped into glory, its skills have become increasingly exquisite, and sculptors have come forth in large numbers. Yang Qiong, a famous sculptor in Yuan Dynasty, carved a "one lion and one tripod", which was called "a must" by Kublai Khan in Yuan Shizu. At the end of Qing Dynasty (A.D.1644–191), the artist's sculptures "Crane" and "Dried Plum" won the second place in Panama International Art Fair, making Quyang stone carving famous all over the world. From Yungang Grottoes, Leshan Giant Buddha, Dunhuang Grottoes and Wutai Mountain Buddha statues, to Epang Palace, Forbidden City, Yuanmingyuan, Summer Palace and Jinshui Bridge in front of Tiananmen Square, to the Great Hall of the People, Monument to the People's Heroes, Chairman Mao Memorial Hall and other buildings, the carving art of Quyang people has been left everywhere.

After the founding of New China, the ancient carving art glowed with new brilliance. The artist combines relief, sculpture, round carving and other techniques with modern anatomy, perspective and aesthetics, making antique works simple and elegant, lifelike, modern works fresh and natural, and profound artistic conception. Eight works, such as Sleeping Guanyin and Three Officials by Lu Jinqiao, a representative artist and contemporary national master of arts and crafts, are regarded as treasures by the state and collected in China Arts and Crafts Museum. Zhen Yancang, an international master of arts and crafts, has created a brand-new "Western-style" carving technique, and his sculptures are more attractive.

Fourth, the hometown of ceramics.

Quyang occupies an important position in the development history of China ceramics, and Dingyao is a large porcelain kiln system that rose after Xingyao white porcelain in Tang Dynasty. Mainly produced in Jianci Village, East Yanchuan Village and West Yanchuan Village, Quyang County, Hebei Province. Because this area was under the jurisdiction of Dingzhou in Tang and Song Dynasties, it was named Ding Kiln. Ding kiln was originally a folk kiln, and palace porcelain was fired in the middle and late Northern Song Dynasty. As early as Yangshao culture period, pottery appeared in Quyang, and pottery-making in Shang and Zhou Dynasties had made great progress. Coarse porcelain was burned in Quyang in the Sui Dynasty (58 1-6 18), white porcelain was produced in the Tang Dynasty (6 18-907) and reached its peak in the Northern Song Dynasty (969- 1 127). Ding kiln porcelain has a great influence at home and abroad. In particular, white porcelain is white and delicate, with uniform glaze color, thin and hard, ranking first among ceramics. Ding kiln's flower porcelain is famous for its colorful decorative themes and various carving techniques. Su Dongpo, a great writer in the Song Dynasty, once wrote a poem, "Lu Gong decocted tea to learn from the West Shu, and Dingzhou porcelain carved rubies", praising the elegance of Ding kiln porcelain. At that time, Dingyao porcelain was not only used by the imperial court, but also exported to the Korean Peninsula, Japan, Southeast Asia, India, Persia, Turkey and Africa. Up to now, Guding porcelain has been collected as an art collection in the British Museum. At present, the Palace Museum also has a collection of precious porcelain "baby pillows". Dingyao porcelain was destroyed by war in the Yuan Dynasty, and most craftsmen went south to make a living, which made great contributions to the development of Jingdezhen ceramics later. In 1970s, under the direct care of Premier Zhou Enlai, Ding Yao was reborn.

Verb (abbreviation for verb) local specialty

Quyang is rich in resources. There are more than 20 kinds of mineral products such as white marble, marble, granite, clay, mica, coal and limestone. Among them, marble reserves are 358 million cubic meters, limestone reserves are 654.38+0.5 billion cubic meters, and coal reserves are 654.38+0.5 billion tons. Quyang is rich in hydraulic resources, including two large reservoirs, Wangkuai and Xiyang, and more than a dozen small and medium-sized reservoirs. The annual storage capacity is 2.3 billion cubic meters, the usable water area is more than 26 million square meters, and the water surface suitable for fish farming is more than 2,660 hectares. Quyang has both mountains and plains, which is especially suitable for developing animal husbandry and green planting. Unique natural conditions make Quyang one of the top 100 fruit counties in China, planting nearly 6,600 hectares of red dates, with an annual output of/kloc-0.50 million kilograms, and planting more than 5,200 hectares of pear trees, with a long-term annual output of 50 million kilograms. Quyang is one of the main export producing areas of "Hebei Yali".

Kiln-oven sesame seed cake-a special food in Quyang, is an authoritative secret recipe, beautifully made, crisp and pleasant to eat, not greasy for a long time, and not hard to dry. Jiaozi, the black daughter-jiaozi, also known as "time-honored" jiaozi, is a famous imperial meal in China, with a history of more than 300 years. Its founding producer was Mr. Su, the court chef during the Chongzhen period of the Ming Dynasty. Dumpling stuffing is made of more than ten kinds of Chinese herbal medicines, which has the effects of strengthening brain, refreshing mind, tonifying kidney and liver, warming middle warmer and dispelling cold, nourishing yin and strengthening yang. Black sister Jiao Zi, exquisite materials, fine production. Her taste is fresh, her face is soft, fat but not greasy, fragrant but not light. As soon as I get to my mouth, I feel fragrant. It's really delicious in court.

Quyang jujube wine-the hardest product in Quyang is jujube wine. Do not believe, there is a poem to prove it: one cup and two cups don't go to the head, three cups and four cups help the wall, five cups and six cups help the wall, but I don't go. In Quyang, jujube wine has cultivated heroes and tough guys from generation to generation, which can be confirmed by Quyang's idioms: What's the matter? White is not good! Jujube wine does not say the degree. Generally, it is changed to "eat a little water". The deeper the draft, the higher the degree of wine and the better the quality. A friend said: Eating two servings of water is about 60 degrees, and eating three servings of water is 70 degrees. Besides jujube, only chaff or straw can be added to the raw materials. If dried sweet potatoes or sorghum are added, the taste of wine will change. There are several key links in the whole process. One is the jujube bran ratio. The second is the degree of fermentation, which is not in place or too much. Usually, an experienced master measures the temperature through a straw inserted into the fermentation tank, relying entirely on the feeling and experience of his hands. If a thermometer is used, the fermentation temperature should be raised to 40 degrees, and then decreased to about 18 degrees. The third is the temperature when firing, mainly depending on the temperature.

Historical relics of intransitive verbs

In Quyang, there is the site of Ding Yao, a national cultural relic protection unit, which witnessed the glorious history of China's ceramic industry. Lingshan Cave, which records the site of ancient ape-man activities in China; In the Tang Dynasty, Guo Ziyi put down the Anshi Rebellion, and Jiahe Mountain was the place where Meng Liang and Jiao Zan sent troops to fight against Liao. There is also Sam, the place where relatives are recruited in front of Yang Zongbao Town, Mu Guiying; There are also patriotic education bases-the Eight-Hui Temple in Huangshan, the site of "Yebei Massacre" and "Guli Massacre" destroyed by Eight-Nation Alliance, and the Martyrs Cemetery. There is a thousand-year-old temple in the county seat-Beiyue Temple. There is a huge mural of Wu Daozi, a painter in the Tang Dynasty, which only exists in the world. Thanks to the technology of draining powder and pasting gold, the murals are still gorgeous and magnificent after thousands of years, and the characters are lifelike. The whole picture seems to have the feeling of whistling, thunder and rain. There are more than 200 ancient sculptures from the Northern Wei Dynasty to the Ming and Qing Dynasties in the temple. The figures, animals, Buddha statues, buildings and other categories are complete and beautifully shaped, just like an ancient stone carving museum. /kloc-more than 0/60 inscriptions from the Northern Wei Dynasty to the Republic of China, full of truth, grass, official seal and running script, are not only a treasure house of calligraphy art, but also a historical museum to study the ancient sacrificial culture, official position setting and regional division in China.

In addition, Quyang also has thousands of Buddhist temples, Diaoyutai Site, Yangshao Cultural Site, Lin Xiangru Tomb, Tomb of Wang Chu, Huangshigong Temple, Jia Daodong, Wang Lianhua, Goutapo, Shi Hu Luminous, Drip Water, Seven Wins in Yannan, Jiashan Sunset, Jidu Floating, Lotus Pond Moonlight, Wenfeng Tower Shadow, Xiangyan Bell and other places of interest. The scenery is dazzling and lingering.

Seven. historical development

Quyang County has a long history, and the name of Quyang was recorded in writing during the Warring States Period. According to Quyang County Records, in the 11th year of Zhou Nanwang (the first 304 years), a Tucheng was built 2 kilometers west of Quyang today, called "Quyang City". Quyang county is named after the city. The name Quyang is interpreted as: "The city is in the sun of the mountain, which is called Quyang". Reading History and Geography Minutes is called "becoming famous in the sun of Taihang". Mountain refers to Mount Heng in the ancient Beiyue (now damao mountain in the northwest of Tangxian County, called Beiyue in ancient times, also known as Changshan and Heng Yue). In the sixth year of Emperor Kai of Sui Dynasty (586), Quyang was changed to Shiyi, and in the seventh year it was changed to Hengyang County. In the fifteenth year of Tang Yuanhe (820), Quyang was renamed. The name of Hengyang comes from the county seat located in the grandson of Hengshan (damao mountain), so Quyang is also called "Hengyang".

Architectural changes

After Qin Tong-China, the county system was implemented, and Quyang County was established in the first year of the first emperor (22 1), which was under the jurisdiction of Julu County. The northwest of Quyang County includes the northeast of Fuping County. In the first year of Emperor Han Gaodi (the first 206 years), Hengshan County was established, and Quyang County belonged to it. Later, due to Liu Heng's taboo, it was renamed Changshan County, and Quyang County belonged to Changshan County. At that time, Julu County was also known as Xiaquyang (now Jinxian and Gaocheng). In order to distinguish it, in the first year of Wendi (before 179), Quyang was named as "Shang Quyang" with the word "Shang". The name of Shangquyang County was recorded for the first time in Historical Records and Biography of Guan Ying. In the third year of Emperor Jing of Han Dynasty (before 154), the "Seven Kingdoms Rebellion" was pacified, Changshan County was abolished, and Shangquyang County still belonged to Zhongshan State. During the Xin Mang period, Changshan County was restored and renamed Changshan Pavilion, which belonged to Shangquyang. In the Western Han Dynasty, the county borders Fan Shi, Lingqiu and Guangchang in the northwest and Xu Shui (now Tanghe) in the east.

Quyang from the Three Kingdoms to the Jin Dynasty belongs to Changshan County. In the seventh year of Taiping Zhenjun in the Northern Wei Dynasty (446), Shangquyang County was merged into Xinshi County, which was called Xinshi County. In the first year of Jingming in Xuan Wudi (500), Quyang County was restored, belonging to Zhongshan County in Dingzhou. In the seventh year of Tianbao in the Northern Qi Dynasty (556), Xiaquyang County was renamed Gaocheng County and Gucheng County, Shangquyang County was renamed Quyang County, and Zhongshan County was subordinate to it.

In the sixth year of Emperor Wendi (586), Quyang County was renamed Shiyi County and Hengyang County the following year because of its rich stone. It belongs to Xianyu County (now Zhengding County). It was changed to Dingzhou in the third year (583), Yiling County in the third year of Daye (607) and Laijun County (now Laidao East) in the ninth year of Daye (6 13).

In the first year of Tang Tianbao (742), Hengyang County was subordinate to Yiling County, Dingzhou City, Hebei Province. After the "An Shi Rebellion" in the last years of Tianbao, Dingzhou was ruled by the separatist forces of the buffer region, and Quyang was really settled. In the fifteenth year of Tang Yuanhe (820), Hengyang County was changed to Quyang County because of the taboo of the name of Hengli.

Quyang County in the Northern Song Dynasty belongs to Boling County, Dingzhou City, Hebei West Road. In the third year of Zhenghe (1 1 13), Zhongshan House was established and Quyang County belonged to it. In the ninth year of Song Xining (1076), it was analyzed that the county territory of Northeast Military City entered the Tang Dynasty, and the county territory reached the Tongtian River Basin. In the fourth year of Jin Mingchang (1 193), the northwest of Quyang County and the north of Xingtang County were divided into the newly established Fuping County.

In the 11th year of Mongolian Taizu (12 16), Quyang County was upgraded to Hengzhou, which governed Lingshou, Fuping, Xingtang, Du Qing (Wang Du), Tangxian and Quyang, belonging to Zhongshan County, Zhongshu Province. In the 11th year of Taizong (1239), it was reduced to Quyang County, which belonged to the Calm Road of Zhongshu Province. In the 12th year of Yuan Dynasty (1275), it was changed to Baoding Road.

In the Ming Dynasty, Quyang County was under the jurisdiction of Dingzhou. In the 16th year of Shunzhi in Qing Dynasty (1659), the East Fifth Society of Fuping County was merged into Quyang County, and in the 22nd year of Kangxi (1683), the former East Fifth Society of Fuping County was returned to Fuping County. In the ninth year of Jiaqing (1804), Dingzhou placed Zhicao Village under the jurisdiction of Quyang County.

Fanyang Road was built in 19 13, and changed to Baoding Road in the following year, belonging to Quyang County. * * During the war and the war of liberation, Quyang County successively belonged to the western part of Shanxi-Chahar-Hebei Border Region, Beiyue District and Jianping District. At the beginning of the Republic of China, Shicheng and Huangjiazhuang Village at the southwest end of the county were placed under Xingtang County. 1928 is directly under Hebei province. 1937 65438+February, Luodingyu in Fuping County and Yujiazhai, Shitang and Lu Xiao villages in Tang County were placed under Quyang County. 1942 65438+ 10, Li Tao, Shibadu, Dongzhuang Bay, Henghekou, Guancheng, Tianjiakan, Nantun Village, Beitun Village, Shangshang, Poxia, Fengshanzhuang Village, Xiwangzhuang, Luo Zhuang, Zhaojiazhuang, Fu Nan, Haibin and Shaodi in Tang County.

1949, Quyang County was changed to Jianping Institution of Chahar Province. In June of the same year, 5438+ 10 belonged to Dingxian district, and in May, 1954 was changed to Baoding district. 1958 was merged into Dingxian county in August, and 196 1 was restored to its original organizational system in July, belonging to Baoding area. 1982 12 In February, Shicheng Village in Tang County returned to Quyang County. 1At the end of 994, Baoding merged with the city and became part of Baoding.

Eight, the old revolutionary base areas

Quyang is also an old revolutionary base area. As early as the early 1920s, party member-born brother Peng Guisheng appeared to help Li Dazhao spread capitalism in the north. Wang Yanchun, the production party organization in the county, was established before the Anti-Japanese War. At that time, he was the first Quyang county party secretary in China. During the War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression period, heroes such as Li Dianbing, the founder of "Sparrow Wars", the national militia fighting hero, and Ge Zhenlin, one of the five strong men of Langyashan, an anti-Japanese national hero, emerged. More than 5,500 sons and daughters of Quyang died heroically in War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression. They wrote a glorious chapter for Quyang's revolutionary history with their flesh and blood, and won the glorious title of "Shanxi-Chahar-Hebei Border Region Anti-Japanese Model County".