The middle class and the working class

The middle class and the working class

The middle class and the working class are the divisions of social status. Different divisions distinguish the corresponding living standards, consumption levels and so on. This is a huge leap. Let's know what the middle class and the working class are.

Middle class and working class 1 classification of middle class and working class

The working class refers to those who rely on migrant workers to get wage income.

The middle class gains income by providing knowledge or profits by operating small-scale means of production.

Elite refers to people with higher education, social status, social relations and background.

First, the basic meaning of the middle class

1, physiological needs. This is the most basic requirement for human beings to maintain their own survival, including hunger, thirst, clothing, shelter and sex. If any of these needs (except sex) are not met, human survival will become a problem. In this sense, physiological needs are the most powerful driving force to promote human action. Maslow believes that only when these basic needs are satisfied to the extent necessary for survival can other needs become new incentive factors, and at this time these relatively satisfied needs no longer become incentive factors.

2. Security needs. This is the need for human beings to protect their own safety, to get rid of the threat of occupational and property losses, to avoid the invasion of occupational diseases and to contact with harsh supervision. Maslow believes that the whole body is a mechanism to pursue security, and human sensory organs, effective organs, intelligence and other energy are mainly tools to seek security, and even science and outlook on life can be regarded as part of meeting security needs. Of course, once this demand is relatively satisfied, it is no longer an incentive factor.

3. Emotional needs. This level of demand includes two aspects. One is the need for friendship, that is, everyone needs a harmonious relationship between partners and colleagues or maintains friendship and loyalty; Everyone wants to be loved, love others and be loved by others. The second is the need for a sense of belonging, that is, everyone has a sense of belonging to the group and wants to be a member of the group and care for each other. Emotional needs are more detailed than physiological needs, which are related to a person's physiological characteristics, experience, education and religious beliefs.

4. The need for respect. Everyone wants to have a stable social status, and requires personal abilities and achievements to be recognized by society. The need for respect can be divided into internal respect and external respect. Inner respect means that a person wants to be strong, competent, confident and independent in various situations. In short, internal respect is people's self-esteem. External respect means that a person wants to have status, prestige, respect, trust and high praise from others. Maslow believes that the need to respect can make people full of confidence in themselves, full of enthusiasm for society, and realize the usefulness and value of living.

5, the need for self-realization. This is the highest-level need, which refers to the need to realize one's ideals and ambitions, maximize one's ability, and accomplish everything commensurate with one's ability. In other words, people must do competent work in order to feel the greatest happiness. Maslow pointed out that the ways to meet the needs of self-realization vary from person to person. The need for self-realization is to strive to realize one's potential and make oneself more and more the person one expects.

Second, the basic symbol of the middle class

1, gain income by providing knowledge, or gain profits by operating small-scale means of production;

2. Have assets that meet people's needs for stable life, such as houses, cars and deposits;

3. Can fully meet the consumption demand of basic daily necessities, pay attention to the quality of material life, and have certain luxury consumption ability;

4. Have strong cultural and spiritual needs and pay attention to personal social image and social status;

5. There is no great wealth of the bourgeoisie and no social welfare of the low-income class;

6. There is a strong dependence on a stable social environment, and group interests are greatly affected by economic recession and social unrest.

Middle class and working class 2 What kind of people can be called middle class in China?

The word "middle class" is actually an exotic product. During the Renaissance in Europe, the middle class has been distinguished. At that time, the middle class was some emerging businessmen and professionals, such as accountants and lawyers. Such a group of people, regardless of their economic base or social status, are between the upper class and the lower class, so they are called the middle class.

The United States is a country with an olive economic structure. According to the statistics of relevant institutions, the middle-class family population in the United States accounts for about 60% of the total population in the country. Therefore, the American middle class, as the main body of society, has always been concerned. So what kind of life does the American middle class live? And in China, what criteria do you have to meet to become a middle class?

How to define the middle class?

In fact, the middle class is a vague word, and its definition criteria are controversial: some people think that the middle class can be divided according to family income, while others think that it can be divided according to professional standards. However, the middle class has one of the most basic characteristics: relying on their own efforts and skills to obtain considerable income and win a certain social status. Generally speaking, if you want to become a middle class, you must meet the requirements of both soft and hard factors.

Hard factor

The hard factors are nothing more than family income and owned real estate. The definition of middle-class income changes with time. Statistics show that in the 20 1 1 year after the financial crisis, the income of American middle-class families is about 49 103 dollars. In addition to income requirements, the middle class in the United States must also have an independent house, and adults also need a car that can walk instead of walking. According to American media reports, the annual income of a Detroit family in the United States is about 654.38 million US dollars+10,000 US dollars, and the per capita income is about 33,000 US dollars, which is only the primary stage of the American middle class.

Soft factor

The middle class is not completely determined and divided according to the amount of assets and income. The middle class itself contains the comprehensive meaning of money income, spiritual purport, values and other dimensions. Therefore, in addition to the rigid income requirement, the concept of the middle class also includes soft factors such as education level, cultural accomplishment and living atmosphere.

Generally speaking, the middle class should not only have high income, but also have leisure time. In addition, people with higher education are generally more interested in life. American sociologists Wright and Mills once published a book "White-collar-American Middle Class", which pointed out that the middle class is such a group: "Make a living by knowledge and skills, and reject vulgarity and vulgarity."

The life of the American middle class

The president of the United States once made such a rough definition of the middle class: first, you must have a big enough house; Secondly, you can support your family and raise children; Finally, personal medical security deposit and pension should be guaranteed.

Foster, a research institute of the Washington think tank Heritage Foundation, once said that in the United States, except for the homeless and Buffett, I am afraid that most Americans will consider themselves middle class.

Therefore, the middle class in the United States generally live in independent houses, just like villas in the eyes of China people. They have a good social status, can easily raise two or three children, travel by car, have time to travel and accompany their families.

Just like Claire and Phil's family in Modern Family, they don't have to worry about the mortgage, and they don't have the pressure to raise three children. Besides, Phil, the hero, can also give a Toyota as a birthday present for his eldest daughter. Of course, there will also be some parties at home and trips.

In China, the middle class should meet these ten standards.

Regarding the positive middle class, Henan Business Daily once wrote a story called "What does the middle class look like in your eyes? According to the survey, 35.7% people think that the quality of life is very important. 32. 1% people think that income is the most critical factor. In addition, 2 1.4% people think that social status is the standard to define whether they are middle-class, while the rest think that education is the most critical factor to become middle-class.

To become a member of the middle class in China, you must meet ten criteria:

1, with family assets of at least100000, fixed current assets and annual net income of 500,000-600,000.

2. own at least one property and don't worry about the mortgage.

There are one or two cars that can be used as transportation.

4, can easily raise one or two children, including children's daily expenses and education expenses.

5. Both medical insurance and old-age care are guaranteed.

6. Have a certain time to travel and enjoy life every year.

7. Have a college degree or above and a high level of education.

8, high personal quality, not a mere formality.

9, pay attention to personal hobbies, have time to cultivate and develop their own hobbies.

10, daily necessities are not luxury, but they can adapt to the income level.

Middle class and working class 3 Stop calling yourself middle class! It is not the annual salary that measures the middle class!

The real middle class does not look at consumption, but at asset appreciation.

In 20 10, Forbes magazine once defined the middle class in China as: living in the city, aged between 25 and 45, with a college degree and at least one professional skill, with an annual per capita income of 10,000 to 60,000 dollars, and the eternal criterion for measuring the middle class is whether it can freely control one-third of its income.

In the "20 17 New Middle Class Report" jointly issued by Wu Xiaobo and Sina Finance, China's "middle class" is defined as "average annual net income of 65,438+10,000-500,000, and investable assets of 200-5 million".

To put it simply, many people who claim to be middle class repeatedly pursue the "upgrade" of consumption and increase consumption expenditure without obvious increase in income. When they are intoxicated with the illusion of middle class created by themselves, they have not foreseen the coming life crisis.

Once they lose the position of enterprise screw, everything will come to an abrupt end, and with the growth of age, the embarrassment of the middle class is more obvious. The real middle class will seriously consider the preservation and appreciation of existing assets, get rid of the crisis of asset decline and realize the stable appreciation of wealth.

Asset allocation of middle-class families

The asset allocation of "real" middle-class families should consider two levels: meeting the current expenditure demand and investing the family surplus funds, pursuing relatively high returns, and ensuring the preservation and appreciation of assets under inflationary pressure.

In the allocation of risk protection, in addition to the existing social security, we should also consider other family members, especially the main income contributors, to buy enough commercial supplementary insurance, such as necessary accident insurance, critical illness insurance, medical insurance and so on.

After the security problem is solved, it is necessary to study the investment, and the investment needs to be planned for the whole family according to the situation of the family. For example, you need to consider your own pension, children's education, or short-term housing plans and so on. In addition, we should also consider how to combine the current savings deposits and future surplus funds of families to realize all family planning by stages.

Most of the middle class are at the peak of their career and financial needs, and the financial achievements at this stage will directly affect the future family financial situation. Although how to allocate depends on individual needs, on the whole, they are good at grasping the allocation ratio of various assets and strive to achieve the best combination effect, which is the correct investment method.

Middle-class families can adopt a prudent financial management ratio: 50% steady defense +25% steady attack +25% storm. Through the rational distribution of investment share, risks can be dispersed.

50% stability: saving, buying money funds, short-term wealth management products or treasury bonds and other low-risk fixed-interest assets of banks;

25% steady attack: buy some low-risk, stable-income wealth management products, such as fixed-income wealth management products, bond funds and other stable wealth management products;

25% storm: buy some high-risk and high-yield wealth management products, such as stocks, convertible bonds, index funds, stock funds and so on.

If a family's highest income peak is about to pass, and it may face a decline in income in the future, then it is necessary to re-plan consumption, financial management and risk response measures. After all, after the peak of their career, the middle class should think about how to live in order to maintain a better and better trend.