Overview of Iceland's country profile

Introduction to Iceland: Iceland, the capital of Reykjavik, is located in the middle of the North Atlantic, near the Arctic Circle, and is the second largest island in Europe.

The total area is 103000 square kilometers, and the coastline is about 4970 kilometers long. About 1 1.6% of Iceland's total area is covered by glaciers, and three quarters of the country is at an altitude of 400-800 meters, which belongs to a cold temperate maritime climate. By June 2023, the whole country was divided into 265,438+0 cities and 203 constituencies.

In the middle of the 9th century, Irish and Norwegians immigrated to Iceland, becoming the earliest recorded residents in Iceland's history. In 930, Iceland established the world's earliest parliament (Althingi). Since 1262, Iceland has been ruled by Norway and Denmark. 1June, 944, the Republic of Iceland was established.

geographical environment

Iceland is located in the middle of the North Atlantic, between Greenland and Britain, bordering Greenland Sea in the north, Greenland across the Danish Strait in the northwest, the Norwegian Sea in the northeast and near the Arctic Circle. It is the second largest island in Europe, with a land area of 6.5438+0.03 million square kilometers and a coastline of about 4,970 kilometers.

1 1.6% of Iceland is covered by glaciers, and three quarters of the country is at an altitude of 400-800 meters. The whole of Iceland is a bowl-shaped highland, surrounded by coastal mountains, with a plateau in the middle and mostly terraced fields. The height of terraces is between 400-800 meters, and individual peaks can reach 1300-65430.

The lowlands are very small, with ocean plains and ice water alluvial plains in the west and southwest, accounting for about 7% of the total island area. The coastline without glaciers is irregular, and there are many fjords and bays. Other coastal areas are mainly beaches, and sandbars off the coast form lagoons.

Reference to the above content: Baidu Encyclopedia-Iceland