[Controversy] Horizon VS Heliocentrism —— Heliocentrism's Questioning Collection (Part Two)

Question 27: Why do some planets look like they are soaked in water? Why are the planets photographed by astronomy enthusiasts so different from those announced by NASA?

Astronomy lovers can really take pictures.

Question 28: According to Heliocentrism, the Antarctic and the Arctic are the continents closest to the sun (the perihelion of the earth's orbit around the sun) for half a year (the Antarctic is from September 2 1 day to March 2 1 day of the following year). Why is the North Pole far less cold than the South Pole?

Tips Antarctica is the coldest region in the world, with an average annual temperature of about -49.4℃ and a minimum temperature of -93.2℃. The Arctic is relatively warm, with an average annual temperature of-15.5℃. The annual temperature change in Antarctica is less than half that in the Arctic Circle. The northern Arctic has a mild climate in summer and relatively controllable low temperature in winter. In contrast, the temperature in southern Antarctica is not enough to melt the permanently accumulated ice and snow. There are four distinct seasons in the Arctic Circle. You can see all kinds of animals and plants in warm summer. In Antarctica, there are only a few animals such as penguins, sea lions, seals and dolphins. As for plants, other plants can't grow at all except lichens and mosses. Eskimos live at 79 degrees north latitude; In the southern hemisphere, you can't find a primitive tribe living in an area with a dimension higher than 56.

Comparison of Antarctic and Arctic Climate

There are many factors that cause refutation, such as land, ocean, ocean current, atmospheric circulation and so on. First, the altitude is different. The Arctic is basically an ocean, and the land is not high, with an average elevation of about 10 meter. The average altitude in Antarctica is 2350 meters. The second is ocean current. The Arctic and the Pacific Ocean are connected with the Atlantic Ocean, so the warm current from the equator can flow into the Arctic Ocean, so the seawater temperature in the Arctic is not particularly low.

Antarctica is not. There is an Antarctic circulation around Antarctica, which is made up of a very cold sea water. This leads to the side warm current can not flow in. In addition, the Antarctic center is a polar high pressure area, and the airflow flows around from the center, preventing low-latitude warm air from entering the Antarctic continent.

Answer: You described the result, not the reason. The circulation in the South Pole is caused by the fact that the dome and the South Pole are surrounded by a circle. Antarctic circulation and extreme cold are the result, not the cause. This is a logical question. If the Antarctic circulation is used to explain the following picture, it is an international visual simulation network of the atmosphere. Since there is no AE model (horizon model, there used to be), we use O model (earth model) to represent it. This picture shows that the height of the wind is 10000 meters. We know that the altitude of the Antarctic Plateau is only within 4000 meters. Then, how is the Antarctic circulation at the atmospheric level of 65438+100000 meters formed? Why is there no atmospheric flow in the hinterland of Antarctica? I have observed it for 20 minutes, but so far I haven't found any through airflow, no matter how high the altitude is.

Global weather visualization simulation network? earth.nullschool.net

Question 29: Why should the American army defend an frozen plateau without human habitation? Why does the Antarctic Convention signed by 1958 and 13 stipulate that all military activities in Antarctica are strictly prohibited? All Antarctic tourists are required not to act alone in Antarctica and not to leave the designated area without permission. What's the secret in this?

It is refuted that 90% of the ice on the earth is in the Antarctic, which is fresh water and carries 70% of the fresh water on the earth. The focus of this treaty is to prevent human beings from polluting the environment, and it aims to safeguard the last natural home of all mankind.

Question 30: In the night sky, the part of the cloud illuminated by moonlight is only partial?

Questioning the limited brightness, the reflection of the moon is far less than that of sunlight.

The answer to my question is that if the moon is far away from the earth, its brightness should illuminate a whole cloud, not a small one.

It is retorted that this is caused by the different thickness of clouds, where the clouds are thinner, they are transparent, and where the clouds are thicker, they are opaque.

Look carefully at the picture below (query the active video address 3 1) and you will find that the thin clouds before and after drifting over the bright area cannot be illuminated by moonlight; It shows that this phenomenon has nothing to do with the thickness of the cloud, but with the position of the luminous body.

Question 3 1: Why does the experiment prove that the temperature in moonlight is lower than that in the shadow outside moonlight?

Tip You can insist that this experiment is a forgery, it doesn't matter, but anyone can repeat the experiment and come to the same conclusion. If you think it's fake, you can do it yourself. It is recommended to do it at the full moon, so that the cooling effect will be more obvious.

Will the moon give off cold light? v.youku.com

Refute that infrared thermometers can only measure things at close range.

The answer is that light can travel infinitely far. In the experiment, as long as the moonlight shines within the sensing range of the infrared thermometer.

Question 32: How to explain that in a country with extremely low air humidity, the size of the sun and the moon will change when it rises and falls?

The farther away an object is from us, the smaller it looks. Similarly, the sun didn't set, it just moved away from us.

TIPSNASA faked sunset animation.

The sunset of horizon theory proves that the horizon is real? www.iqiyi.com

It is retorted that this is caused by atmospheric refraction.

Please don't explain it by atmospheric refraction. As I emphasized, this is a country with extremely low humidity (in fact, the video was shot in Africa). Through the experiment given in this video link, you will find that the sun will not change much when it sets in a humid area, which proves that the result of refraction will make the sun look bigger than before.

Refute that refraction is not only achieved by water molecules.

Answer ha ha, it's universal refraction theory. Your refraction can be folded into various patterns, and the magical sun, rainbow and the change of the size of the sun can all be explained by refraction. Then please use experiments to reproduce the effect of solar contraction.

It is retorted that with the usual camera settings, when shooting landscapes, the sun in the picture will be overexposed and the halo of the sun will appear very large, so critics will mistakenly think that the sun is so big. But in fact, when you observe the sun with a filter, you will find that the body of the sun is much smaller than the halo, so you will take a video of the sun changing from big to small. In fact, this is the phenomenon that the sun falls on the horizon, the light is getting weaker and weaker, and the overexposure of the camera is getting smaller and smaller.

It's confusing to answer this. First, deliberately comparing the midday sun in Asia with the sunset in Africa is not comparable in itself. Second, the picture on the left is a sunset, and it was shot by telephoto, which enlarged the background, while the picture in the middle was shot at noon, and the background was not enlarged. There is no comparability. Thirdly, the sun seen in the filter is not the actual size of the sun. When the sun is close to us, the filter will have a strong filtering effect, but when the sun is far away from us, the function of the filter will be greatly weakened, so it is meaningless to use the filter to prove that the size of the sun has not changed. If you don't believe me, you can do experiments, take the filter to observe the fluorescent lamp, measure the size of the fluorescent lamp in advance, and then take the filter to observe the fluorescent lamp to see if it is much worse than its actual size. Fourthly, the picture below shows the contrast of the sun after I personally removed the background and the virtual light with photoshop, clearly showing the change of the size of the sun. Fifth, you haven't explained why the size of the moon changes when it rises and sets. The moon is not overexposed! Sixth, the size of the sun is closely related to the exposure (ISO) of the camera, and the humidity has a great influence on the size of the sunset. If we only analyze different suns in different regions from photos, there will be regional deviation and exposure deviation. Please question the video of the sun size change that has never adjusted the ISO parameters.

Question 33: Looking back over 5,000 years of handwriting history, why do almost all civilizations in the world think that the surface of the earth where we live is the flat and static center of the universe? Are the ancients all over the world extremely ignorant?

Before Copernicus published Heliocentrism, human's view of the universe.

Refutation: Are modern humans all over the world extremely ignorant?

Answer this is sophistry. Open your eyes and see the general environment of Zhihu, especially under the topic of horizon theory. To be fair, how many people can discuss problems objectively, neutrally, clearly and rationally? When did modern education teach children to think? Always just instill (implant) what you have to think about.

Question 34: Why did the aircraft launched by American rocket enthusiasts suddenly stop at a certain height?

Two cameras watch together.

It is retorted that this is obviously caused by insufficient fuel, and the number of frames in this animation is relatively urgent, so it is difficult to judge.

The answer hypothesis is not valid. If the fuel is insufficient, then the small rocket should slow down gradually instead of stopping rising instantly. In addition, when the small rocket stops suddenly, there is an obvious impact sound. Please poke the video directly below, listen to the sound and observe the details.

Strong evidence of the existence of the dome when the rocket hits the ground level? v.youku.com

Question 35: If the curvature of the earth exists, why don't all engineers, architects and surveyors need to consider the value and error of the curvature of the earth? For example, canals, railways, bridges and tunnels are always cut into several sections and placed horizontally. These projects are hundreds of miles long, but there is no curvature limit?

After the rebuttal is cut into several sections, the curvature can be ignored.

If curvature exists, it is very inaccurate to cut it into several segments. In addition, many viaducts have to be built for thousands of kilometers, otherwise it is very dangerous for trains to run on the continuous surface.

Counter that you think it is horizontal, but it is not at all.

Question 36: If the curvature of the earth exists, why doesn't the pilot need to adjust the nose down frequently? How to evaluate the challenge of the video "Foreign brother took a level on the plane just to prove that the earth is flat" to the statement that "the earth has curvature"?

Foreign brothers bring a level to the plane to prove that the earth is flat? -Sohu video? tv.sohu.com

Have you ever flown a plane? How do you know the pilot didn't bow?

Answer: I am not a pilot, but I can consult the information. Foreign flight dynamics believe that the earth is flat. There is the testimony of the pilot on the Internet. If you don't believe them, you can ask your pilot friends yourself.

Refuting that this book is definitely not an official book cannot be used as a basis. In fact, the plane does not need to lower its nose according to the curvature of the earth, because gravity will make the plane automatically adapt to the curvature of the earth and keep it at a perfect height.

How does gravity realize the intelligent adjustment of aircraft? How to explain that the actual flight path of the plane is flat?

I retort that these pictures are not flat, but they are all curved, but you can't see them. The principle of fully intelligent adjustment is the auxiliary function of flight instrument, and the gyro horizon can prompt the inclination angle of the aircraft relative to the horizon. This instrument should have an electronic program that can calculate the relationship between the plane and the current curvature of the earth and guide the pilot to adjust the attitude of the plane at any time.

Unfortunately, the gyro horizon (altitude attitude indicator) is only a purely mechanical structure, which cannot be adjusted according to the curvature of the earth.

It is refuted that for the aircraft with static and stable layout, the flight angle of the aircraft will be adjusted by negative feedback under the joint action of gravity and power to ensure the stability of its flight attitude. For aircraft with static instability, there are accurate attitude control programs.

Answer: Please give a positive answer. How does the interaction between gravity and power intelligently adjust the flight angle?

Question 37: Why can an airplane land on the continuously running surface of the earth? Why is there a north-south passage? Why can a helicopter stay in place and not go to other places because of the earth's rotation? Why don't airlines pretend to fly for profit and use the earth's rotation to save energy? (The average speed of the plane is about 900km/h, and the rotation speed of the earth is 1600km/h) The war situation is changing rapidly, and speed is the key to winning, especially for the air force. Excuse me, why is there not a fighter case that uses the rotation of the earth to realize lightning bombing in all actual combat cases?

Refuting the earth is an inertial system, and the plane also has the inertia of the earth's rotation and will move with the earth! Just like a speeding train doesn't throw people out.

Answer the previous question. 13 has replied. The earth is not an inertial system, the earth is not a high-speed rail or an airplane, there is no rigid connection between the crust and the atmosphere, and the mass of the atmosphere and the crust is obviously different, which determines that the inertia of the crust and the atmosphere cannot be the same when the earth rotates. Even if the earth does rotate, it is impossible to keep the rotation speed of the earth for too long after the plane takes off.

Question 38: Why are the flight trajectories of all manned spacecraft as shown in the figure below (not perpendicular to the sky)?

Refutation because most satellite orbits are near circular orbits and are not directly tied.

Please explain the dynamic diagram above positively. Why did the space plane in the picture turn a corner and land again?

Retorted that it was a forgery.

Question 39: Why do the official media use the fisheye effect when showing photos of the earth? Why did NASA staff forge photos of the earth? What is the official hiding?

Rob Simon is a digital image designer at NASA's Earth Observatory. He told reporters that Apple's first-generation mobile phone wallpaper was his digital composite image in 2002, not a real photo of the earth. They haven't taken any long-distance photos of the earth since the Apollo moon landing program in the 1960s and 1970s, because all NASA satellites are in the orbit near the earth or in the orbit with the same space position, so no satellite can reach the distance to photograph the shape of the earth.

It is refuted that Photoshop, a graphic design software, was only developed in 1990, and no one mastered this technology in the era when the United States and the Soviet Union landed on the moon. We should believe that seeing is believing.

A: The technology in the hands of the military represents the most advanced technology in that country.

Question 40: Why do the planets in the solar system have no planetary phase, and only the moon has a moon phase?

How to explain the following picture?

Earth phase

The above is the result of artistic processing, and the following is the actual observation map of the telescope.

Answer: The planetary phases of the two groups of pictures are all processed by photoshop.

Question 4 1: If the earth revolves around the sun, the moon phase in summer should be opposite to that in winter, but the fact is that the moon phase is a pattern in any season. How do earth theorists explain it?

It is refuted that this is caused by the intersection of yellow and white, and the orientation of the crescent moon is different (up and down) every month.

Answer that the phases of the moon in winter and summer should be symmetrical, not different from top to bottom.

Question 42: Why do ancient sundials and astrolabes still work today?

It is suggested that many sundials and moon sculptures have been left all over the world for many centuries. Until now, they are as accurate to the minute as they were when they were first built. If Heliocentrism's point of view is correct, it is impossible for these ancient dashboards to accurately calculate the time. Unless we continue to adjust them, scientists don't need to do this, just take it out and prove the ignorance of the ancients.

Sundial stone

TIPS, the earliest astrolabe made in 220 BC, is an important astronomical instrument used by ancient astronomers, astrologers and navigators for astronomical measurement. It is widely used, including locating and predicting the positions of the sun, the moon, Venus and Mars-related celestial bodies in the universe, determining local time and latitude and longitude, and triangulation. It flourished in the Islamic world around 800 AD and was introduced to Europe by Spanish Muslims in 1200. Its base point is Polaris. It still works today.

Western classical astrolabe

Is there any evidence to refute the statement that "if Heliocentrism's view is correct, then these ancient dashboards can't accurately calculate the time"? For thousands of years, the movements of the sun and the moon have changed little. Why can't it be used?

A: The sundial stone made by the ancients was designed according to the astronomical concept of geocentric theory, while the astrolabe was made according to Polaris. Can it compete with Heliocentrism?

Question 43: Why does the southern hemisphere suddenly come in the morning and end at night (the higher the latitude in the southern latitude, the more obvious it is)? On the other hand, in the Arctic Circle, the afterglow still exists several hours after the sun sets.

If the earth really revolves around the sun, then the rotation speed of the northern and southern hemispheres at the same latitude should be the same, and the climatic phenomena at the same latitude on both sides of the equator should be the same, but this is not the case.

The refutation is not valid, and there is a white night phenomenon at high latitudes in the north and south.

Please answer the question directly. This is an objective fact. I don't believe you can ask foreign netizens in this country.

Question 44: How does Heliocentrism explain the four seasons? How to explain the phenomenon that the noon temperature is much higher than the morning and evening temperature?

Warm reminder Heliocentrism thinks that the sun shines on the earth from 65.438+0.5 billion kilometers away, and the reason why the earth changes in four seasons is the result of the interaction between the "axial tilt" of the earth and the "elliptical orbit" of revolution. The earth is located at the nearest place to the sun in June+10/October (northern hemisphere winter) in 5438, and at the farthest place from the sun in July (northern hemisphere summer) every year. It is precisely because of the inclination of the earth that different places get different direct light equivalents. This forms a seasonal temperature change. The key question here is, if the heat emitted by the sun really comes to the earth after 65.438+0.5 billion kilometers, how can a little inclination and the increase of several thousand kilometers (north and south poles) offset the journey of the sun over 65.438+0.5 billion kilometers, and at the same time make the difference between tropical summer and Antarctic cold on the earth's surface? If the sun is really that big, why do we see the sun so small instead of illuminating half the sky?

Refutation (1) Isn't this "two children quarreling"? In the morning, the sun is oblique. When the sun's rays reach your position through a long path, they will be weakened by the atmosphere. You will feel cool when the heat reaches the ground. At noon, the sun shines directly. When the sun rays reach your position through a short path, they are less weakened by the atmosphere. You will feel very hot when the heat reaches the ground.

Refutation ② We assume that the solar power per unit area is 1 when the sun shines directly on the ground (solar altitude angle = 90). Then when the solar altitude angle = 60, the solar power per unit area is only SIN (60) = \ frac {\ sqrt {3}} {2} \ about 0.866. This is greater than 0. 13. When the solar altitude angle = 0 (extreme night), this power is 0. This is the difference of 1. In addition, the temperature is also controlled by many factors, not just the sunshine.

Answer (1) The earth in the picture should be drawn as a point. For the earth, the volume and heat of the sun are astronomical figures. Whether in the morning or at noon, the distance between the sun and the earth is considered to be the same. Radius of the earth is 637 1km, and the sun is10.50 billion km away from the earth. The volume of the sun is 1.3 million times that of the earth. For such a huge light intensity and volume difference, the difference of thousands of kilometers between morning and evening and noon is completely negligible.

Answer 2: Your explanation is only mathematical analysis. Please prove this conclusion with experiments.

Question 45: Why can the sun, as a parallel light source, create a large circle shape of a rainbow (the ground looks like an arch and the sky looks like a circle)?

Is it not systematic to refute the scientist's explanation?

Sunlight enters the water drop from different angles, and the reflected light also faces different angles. Only a certain angle (about 40 to 42) has the strongest intensity. Only when the light from this angle enters the human eye can the human eye see the rainbow. Therefore, if we take the human eye as the center and make an axis parallel to the sunlight, then the light entering the human eye at the same angle will form a conical surface around this axis.

At night, the direction of sunlight is almost parallel to the ground. At this point, the conical surface is approximately a complete ring after being reflected to the human eye. If the sunlight is not parallel to the ground and part of the cone is blocked by the terrain, then the rainbow people see is an arc.

Answer: The rainbows created in our daily simulation experiments are all created by point light sources (light is scattered). The sun is very close to us and round, so it can present a big round rainbow. Answer my key question-why can parallel light sources and infinite objects create the shape of a rainbow? Theoretically, the rainbow in the earth theory can only produce colored air, and it is irregular, and its position, shape, height, quantity and transparency are not easy to determine.

Question 46: Why does the shadow of an airplane change in the sun and clouds?

Embarrassed, is it zero? There is something wrong with the sun in our house! ? www.bilibili.com

Question 47: If Heliocentrism was founded, why didn't it happen once every six months? Why can the 8-character daily trajectory map show the trajectory of the sun all year round?

Refute that Sun Day is different from sidereal day! A year in the Gregorian calendar refers to the time when the earth revolves around the sun once. After calculation, it takes 364.2422 days for the earth to make one revolution, which is 365 days, 5 hours, 48 minutes and 46 seconds. For the convenience of calculation, the Gregorian calendar sets a year as 365 days, which is called the average year. According to this calculation, there will be 5 hours, 48 minutes and 46 seconds left every year.

Answer: Sun Day is really different from sidereal day. But its error is only half a year, 2 hours, 54 minutes and 23 seconds, which is too small to explain why it has not been reversed day and night.

Question 48: Why do textbooks deliberately cover up evidence that contradicts Heliocentrism and the theory of evolution? Why is there no mention of scientists who support horizon theory in textbooks? Why never mention the navigator james cook's point of view?

Tips 1 The ancients said: "Listening is bright, favoritism is dark." If textbook writers really hold a scientific attitude, then they should openly put all kinds of views (Heliocentrism, geocentric theory, horizon theory; Intelligent design theory, evolution) for students to think about. In fact, we have been "indoctrinated" in education since childhood, and there is no speculative process. The textbook tells us that this is the correct answer, so we answer it like this. In the long run, we will become a machine that only knows to repeat the views of textbooks and lose the ability to think independently.

Heliocentrism and geocentric theory

Horizon theory

Tips 22 August Picard graduated from Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zurich and is a veritable alumnus of Einstein. He is not only a scientist, but also an explorer and inventor. It made a closed spherical aluminum hanging basket (hanging basket under a hot air balloon) and planned to try it. 193 1 On May 27th, 2007, he arrived at the stratosphere 1578 1 m above the ground in a hot air balloon designed by himself. In the same year (193 1), he published a paper in the popular science magazine at that time. He described the shape of the world in his eyes. His exact words were: "It seems to be a flat disk with upside-down edges." The earth looks like a disk, and the periphery of the disk is tilted upward.

The photo was taken at the 5th Solvay Conference in 1927-August Picard on the left in the back row.

August Picard was publishing a paper in Popular Science.

Screenshot of the paper (1)

Screenshot of the paper (2)

Hint ③ (3) nikola tesla also supports the horizon. After the hotel died, his manuscript was secretly confiscated by the FBI and never made public. Textbooks rarely mention nikola tesla.

James cook reminded British explorers, navigators and cartographers. He is famous all over the world because he has made three expeditions. 1773 broke through the Antarctic circle for the first time (66 34' south latitude) and reached the ice wall. His three voyages lasted 1 103 days. Captain Cook and his crew sailed 60,000 miles along the Antarctic coastline, but they couldn't find the entrance through the huge ice wall. Captain Cook wrote: "The ice wall extends far in both east and west directions. The southern horizon is towering, and the ice surface is bright and reflective. My point is that this ice either extends to the extreme or meets a continent. " -@ James W. Lee @ Eric Dube "Flat Earth"

Refuting horizon theory, geocentric theory and intelligent design theory are pseudoscience, and scientists who advocate horizon theory are obviously brainless, so there is no need to mention them. About Captain Cook, Baidu Encyclopedia's entry on Antarctica shows: "Since the18th century, explorers have been looking south for the legendary southern continent. From 1772 to 1775, Captain Cook of England lasted for 3 years and 8 months, sailed 97,000 kilometers, sailed around the South Pole, and entered the polar circle several times, but finally did not find land. " There is no such thing as finding an ice wall. All your opinions are forged.

Answer that there is evidence in the Antarctic ice wall, and you can't just forge it. This can't be shown in the studio