Who wrote the imperial envoy?

Russia is the best satirist in the first half of19th century, the pioneer of satirical literature school and one of the founders of critical realism literature. He was born into a landlord family in Ukraine. After graduating from high school, he went to Petersburg under the influence of the Party's revolutionary movement in1February. He worked as a small civil servant with a low salary and a poor life, which made him experience the sorrow of "little people" and witnessed the profligacy, shameless bribery and corruption of bureaucrats. 193 1 resigned, specializing in literary creation.

183 1 ~ 1832, his first collection of short stories, Night in the Country, came out, praising the hard work, wisdom and kindness of the Ukrainian people and exposing the evils of feudalism and money power. 1835, the publication of the novella collection "Mirgorod" and "The Story of Petersburg" brought him fame. Mirgorod contains four novels, among which Taras Polba is a historical work, which shapes the image of the Cossack hero Polba and praises the national liberation struggle and the people's patriotism. The Story of Petersburg is based on the real life at that time, which shows the tragedy of "little people" living under the autocratic system, especially Diary of a Madman, Nose and Coat. Diary of a Madman has a unique artistic conception. What is presented to the reader is the communication between a madman and a dog, as well as several diaries, which are absurd in form. The protagonist of the novel is a wretched and complacent young civil servant, oppressed by class society, insulted and ravaged everywhere, and finally driven crazy. In a coat, the only pleasure for a humble official to survive is his desire to save some money to make a coat. Unexpectedly, the new coat was robbed as soon as it was put on. This incident became a joke, and the hero finally died with resentment.

Chronology of Creation (Incomplete)

1829 self-published long poem "Hans Gushegaton";

183 1 to 1832, the first and second volumes of Dikangka Nighttalk in Rural Areas were published;

1835, published by Milgrad;

From 1835 to 184 1, he published Petersburg Tales, including Diary of a Madman and Coat.

1835 65438+February, the satirical comedy "An Imperial Envoy" was completed and first staged in April1836;

184 1 year, the first part of Dead Soul was completed and published in 1842;

1848 began to write the second part of Dead Soul.

1836, Nikolai Nikolai Gogol published the satirical comedy "An Imperial Envoy" (also translated as "Patrol Publishing House"), which changed the situation that the Russian theater was full of farce with shallow ideas and vulgar techniques transplanted from France at that time. An Imperial Envoy describes a dude, Starkovs, who lost everything in a bet with others and was at a loss. He passed through a city in other provinces from Petersburg and was mistaken for an "imperial envoy", causing panic among local bureaucrats and making many jokes. Nikolai Nikolai Gogol showed the ugly prototype of social dignitaries at that time with the mirror of comedy, thus exposing the dark, decadent and absurd reaction of serfdom Russian society.

1842, Nikolai Gogol published the novel Dead Soul. Chikov, a "scheming" speculator, came up with a set of tricks to get rich by selling short and taking advantage. He bought the unregistered dead serfs on the serf list at a low price in N city and its surrounding landlord manor, applied to the state for ownerless wasteland under the pretext of immigration, and then mortgaged the obtained land together with the list of dead serfs to the government for profit. The author shows the portrait gallery of Russian landlords from other provinces through the process of visiting the main manor in Chikov. Through the vivid description of the ugly face of the landlord. The author convincingly shows that Russian serfdom has reached the dying stage, which objectively reflects the law of its inevitable demise, due to ideological limitations. Nikolai Gogol didn't point out the way for Russia, but Dead Soul shocked the whole Russia with its "morbid history". Its significance and value lies in the ruthless exposure and criticism of Russian feudal serfdom, which is profound. Nikolai Gogol is the first person in Russian novels, so Dead Soul has always been regarded as the foundation stone of Russian critical realism literature in the19th century.

Nikolai Gogol later lived abroad for a long time, divorced from the domestic advanced literary world, and his thoughts reversed, and he turned to protect and praise serfdom, which was severely condemned by belinsky. He tried to continue writing the second part of Dead Soul, but he didn't succeed. 1852, he burned the manuscript in his illness and died soon.

In Eastern Europe and Russia, one of the strangest mysterious phenomena is the mysterious "ghost" train. There are many reports about "ghost train" in history. The bizarre "ghost train" incident has been reported many times in some Russian newspapers and media, and scientists from Moscow University have also investigated and studied the phenomenon of "ghost train". However, due to the general reluctance of railway departments to announce this unexplained phenomenon, there are still some events related to "ghost" trains that are unknown.

The train disappearance related to the loss of the skull of the famous Russian writer Nikolai Gogol is one of them. Nikolai Gogol was once called "Dickens of Russia" by many people.

He died in 1852. 193 1 year, Nikolai Gogol was buried in danilov cemetery in Moscow, which later became a juvenile prison. When his body was dug up, people found that his head had disappeared. After many twists and turns, Nikolai Gogol's relative naval officer Janowski got the skull and brought it back to Italy where he was stationed. Shortly thereafter, Janowski gave the skull box to an Italian official and gave it to a Russian lawyer.

1933 In the spring, an Italian officer started a long journey with Nikolai Gogol's skull box. His younger brother boarded the train with some friends and started a happy journey. When the train entered a long tunnel, the officer's brother wanted to play a joke on his friends to scare them. He stole Nikolai Gogol's skull box as a prop for practical jokes. However, just before the train entered the tunnel, the passengers on the train suddenly panicked inexplicably, and the student immediately decided to jump off the pedal outside the train compartment. Later, he told reporters that there was a strange sticky white fog that swallowed up the unfortunate train. He described the unspeakable fear and panic of the passengers at that time. He admitted that he had stolen his brother's mahogany box. Of the 106 passengers on this train, only two people jumped off the train and survived before the train disappeared inexplicably. The local authorities inspected and searched the tunnel carefully afterwards, but they didn't even find traces of smoke left by the train. The entrance to the tunnel that swallowed the train was blocked. During World War II, a bomb destroyed the tunnel. After investigation, it was confirmed that the train did disappear at 1933. This is a train with only three carriages, which is chartered by an Italian company for tourists. It is said that the model of this train is still preserved in the railway museum in Milan. Investigators want to start with this toy-like train model and find out the reason why the train mysteriously disappeared, but there is no result.

"Nikolai Gogol Ghost Train" 199 1 reappeared in poltava, which attracted the attention of newspapers and media. Two Ukrainian newspapers published the incident. A railway employee working at a railway switch confirmed that the train appeared on September 25th, 199 1. On that day, a scientist from the Ukrainian Academy of Sciences in Kiev was waiting at the turnout, waiting for the "ghost" train to appear again. When it came out of nowhere again, he jumped into the last carriage under the gaze of several witnesses, and the train soon disappeared, and the scientist who wanted to solve the mystery of the mysterious "ghost" train disappeared with this strange train, and never heard from him again. According to newspaper reports, after the disappearance of scientists, the "ghost" train appeared at this fork in the road more than once, but no one dared to jump on this ghost train again. The newspaper also reported the incident of the Crimean "Ghost" train 1955, when the train passed an old river bank. Strangely, the tracks there have been demolished.

People on Russian railways call the "ghost" train URO, which means "unknown object on the railway". According to rumors, URO has appeared in Moscow and Moscow for many times, with numbers 1975, 198 1, 1986 and 1992 respectively. Ivan P. Paterson, a lecturer, physicist and mathematician at Moscow University, is the leader of a group of scientists who are interested in ghost trains. Among them are railway experts, philosophers and other professional scientists. They have conducted many field investigations at train intersections in areas where "ghost" trains have appeared. According to Patterson's theory, the railway network across Eurasia is the largest global project built by human beings on the earth, and this huge railway network may have an impact on the passage of time. Patterson believes that any considerable spatial change will cause instantaneous anomalies, and time and space with electromagnetic characteristics are inseparable, and there is a certain relationship between them. Patterson's theory holds that time is also conserved and the past time will not disappear.

There have been many incidents about the "Ghost" train, and there are also many witnesses. This mysterious phenomenon has aroused people's great interest. Scientists have tried to explain this mystery with various theories, but the sudden appearance and mysterious disappearance of the "ghost" train is still a mystery.