1. Major cities in Indonesia, 2. Indonesia's economic development and the distribution characteristics of the most developed areas, 3. Indonesia's manufacturing, agriculture and industry and commerce

1. Major cities in Indonesia, 2. Indonesia's economic development and the distribution characteristics of the most developed areas, 3. Indonesia's manufacturing, agriculture and industry and commerce are the most concentrated. Question 1:

The main cities are:

1, Jakarta: the capital, located on the northwest coast of Java Island, with an area of 66 1 km2 and a population of 9 1.6 million. It is a national political, economic and cultural center, a land, sea and air transportation hub and a shipping center between South Asia and Oceania. As early as more than 500 years ago, Jakarta became a famous seaport for exporting pepper and spices. At that time, it was called "Sunda Graba", which means "coconut". 1527 was renamed Chajakarta, which means victory and glory. 16 18 Dutch colonial army fell and changed its name to "Batavia". During World War II, Japanese invaders invaded Indonesia until Indonesia became independent in 1945. Renamed Jakarta as the capital of the Republic of China.

2. Surabaya: the capital of East Java Province, with a city area of 300 square kilometers and a population of 3.6 million, is the second largest city in China after Jakarta, the main naval base, one of the important Indonesian manufacturing, agricultural product processing and trade centers, and the sea and air transportation hub of Java Island. It is called "hero city" because of its heroic resistance to Britain in the struggle for independence.

3. Medan: the capital of North Sumatra Province, with an urban area of 342 square kilometers and a population of about 6.5438+0.8 million, is the third largest city in Indonesia. Adjacent to the Straits of Malacca, it is the west gate of Indonesia's foreign trade and one of the main entry and exit ports for domestic and foreign tourists. The establishment of the economic growth triangle of Indonesia, Malaysia and Thailand has strengthened its position as the development center of northern Jiangsu Province and Indonesia, and promoted the rapid development of small industries such as food processing, textiles, leather products, chemicals, building materials, metals and transportation in this city. The city is clean and tidy, with trees and pleasant climate. The Sultan Palace in the city was built in 1888.

4. Bandung: the capital of West Java Province and a cultural center for others. The population is 6.5438+0.7 million. Located in the high valley, surrounded by mountains, with beautiful scenery and pleasant climate. There are more than 50 universities and research institutions here, and the only aircraft factory in China. The famous Asian-African conference was held here, and the original site of the conference, the Independence Building, has now been turned into an Asian-African conference museum.

Yogyakarta: Located in the central part of Java Island, Yogyakarta is one of the three provincial-level special zones in China, directly under the central government. The city covers an area of 32.5 square kilometers and has a population of 420,000. It is an important cultural and educational center in Indonesia, a window to display Java traditional culture, and a famous tourist attraction, with world-famous places of interest such as Borobudur Tower. Yogyakarta was the first capital of Indonesia during the war of independence.

Question 2:

Since 1968, especially after the adjustment of economic structure and product structure in the 1980s, economic development has made certain achievements. In the first 25-year long-term construction plan, the gross national product will increase by 6% annually, and the inflation will be controlled within 10%. 1April 1994, entered the second 25-year long-term construction plan, that is, the stage of economic take-off. The government has further relaxed investment restrictions to attract foreign investment, and taken measures to vigorously support small and medium-sized enterprises, develop tourism and increase exports. 1997 was hit hard by the southeast Asian financial crisis, with a sharp economic recession, currency devaluation and high inflation. In order to get rid of the economic difficulties, the government was forced to turn to the International Monetary Fund (IMF) for help. From 65438 to 0999, the economy began to recover slowly, but the resistance to rectification was great, and the problems of foreign debts of private enterprises and bad debts of banks were difficult to solve.

Resources: Rich in resources. Mineral resources mainly include oil, natural gas, coal, tin, bauxite, nickel, copper, gold and silver. The proven mineral reserves are: 50 billion barrels of oil, 73 trillion cubic meters of natural gas and 36 billion tons of coal. Geothermal resources are abundant, with a forest area of 65.438+0.45 billion hectares, accounting for 74% of the total land area.

Industry: Indonesia's industrial development direction is to strengthen export-oriented manufacturing. In 2000, the manufacturing industry grew by more than 7%, accounting for 26% of GDP. The main sectors are mining, textile and light industry.

Agriculture: China has 59.8 million hectares of arable land (excluding Irian Jaya). 1The total agricultural output value accounted for about 15.2% of the GDP in 1996, and increased to 16.9% in 2000. The agricultural population (including those engaged in forestry and fisheries) accounts for about 59% of the total population.

Tourism: an important foreign exchange earning industry, the government attaches great importance to developing tourist attractions, building hotels, training personnel and simplifying procedures. 1997 foreign tourists reached 5.2 million.