How long has the history of Weibo Village been "leisurely"

When we introduce our hometown, we like to use such cliches as "a long history". If you ask again: How long has the history of Weibo Village been "leisurely"? Of course, this is a muddled account that no one can easily explain, because Weibo's ancestors did not leave any detailed historical materials for future generations.

The only reliable evidence is the existing stone tablets and other artifacts in Tianqi Temple in Weibo Village. There is no way to prove when the Apocalypse Temple was built, but there is a rectangular stone basin with the words "Mitsuki Noon Festival in the second year of Dayuan Taiding (1325)" engraved on it. Emperor Taiding of the Yuan Dynasty was born in Shaanxi and inherited his father Wang Jin. He was the sixth emperor of the Yuan Dynasty, and his reign lasted from 1323 to 1328. 1324, it was too fixed for the emperor to change yuan. He reigned for four years and lived to the age of 52. There are 692 years from the first year of Taiding, that is, 1324 to 20 16. On this basis, we can at least draw the conclusion that the Apocalypse Temple will be established in the east of Taiwen Weibo Village for two years. When ancient immigrants settled in a place, they always built a temple to worship their ancestors and ghosts. It is estimated that the history of Weibo Village is about 700 years. What dynasty was it more than 700 years ago? The Yuan Dynasty. More than 50 years have passed since Kublai Khan took 127 1 which means "Gan Yuan is great" in the Book of Changes to the first year of Taiding in 1324. After the establishment of the Yuan Dynasty, people gradually settled in Weibo Village. In the past few decades, it gradually became a village in Taiding period, which began with the construction of Tianqi Temple in Tianxiantai, east of the village.

In addition to the stone basin of the Tianqi Temple in Weibo, another powerful evidence is genealogy. Genealogy or genealogy is a special historical data compiled with consanguinity and surname as the symbol, and it is the life history of surname. "Family genealogy is the history of Judah", so we should start with genealogy to find traces of the origin, development and inheritance of surnames. It is also an objective basis to find the origin, development, reproduction, change, genealogy or genealogy of a village. The Jin, Han and historians in the east of Weibo Village may be the early aborigines of Weibo Village. There are two reasons: First, I wrote "The Street of Weibo Village", saying that Weibo Street "only runs through the eastern half of the village", like the Big Dipper, which shows that the overall skeleton of the village is not very good. Obviously, the caves in the west of the village were built by villagers who moved later and failed to integrate with the east street of the village; Secondly, several of the most popular families in the village have genealogies. Take Jin genealogy as an example. According to its genealogy, it has been 25 generations since it moved into Weibo village. The ancients said "I" was 30 years, that is, more than 700 years, which is the same as the record of the stone basin of Tianqi Temple in Yuan Dynasty.

Third, there are historical symbols hidden in the father's address. Pingding dialect calls his father "Dada". Calling my father "Da" is seen in the words of the Yuan Dynasty, mainly the Han people in the Yuan Dynasty. Yuan Zhang's zaju "Luo" said: "If it is not a day or two, you will lose the spittoon and steal it." In Song Dynasty before Yuan Dynasty, father was called "Weng Fu" or "Dad". Lu You has a poem "Why not forget the family sacrifice?". Not only "da", but also the word "brother" comes from the language of nomadic people in the north. Han people call them "brothers" or "brothers". In the Yuan Dynasty, men of the same age were often called "brothers". There was the Yuan zaju "Dou Eyuan" in middle school textbooks, and the names of "brothers" could be seen everywhere. Men of the same age in Pingding area are also used to being commensurate with "brother". Older men in the Yuan Dynasty were called "old people" and used to call themselves. Young men are called "epigenetic"; And "old man" and "epigenetic" are also the most common names for the villagers of Pingding generation; Married women also call their husbands "Han". In Song Dynasty, "Han" and "old man" were disparaging terms for men and old people.

Fourth, we can also see the strong traces of the Yuan Dynasty from naming children. The names of Han people in the Yuan Dynasty were complicated. First of all, there are nicknames and big names. Nickname is a name used when I was a child. There are three ways for Han people to take nicknames in Yuan Dynasty: one is to use auspicious words, such as Fu Tong, An Tong and Xi Tong; Second, I like to use animals as nicknames, and I hope children can support them easily. This naming habit has also continued. There are too many names in my generation, such as donkey, ox, dog, dog child, ox child, tiger child, cat ni and dog ni. The third is to use numbers as nicknames, often with the total number of parents' teeth as nicknames, or with grandpa's teeth as nicknames, such as seventy, sixty-eight, five and six. Some experts say that using numbers as names is unique in the Yuan Dynasty, which should be caused by the lack of people's culture in the Yuan Dynasty. This naming habit is very common in Weibo village. For example, my father and brothers have four nicknames, followed by Fu Bao, Fucheng, Little Donkey and Liu Qi. Daming, also known as the official name, is a formal name, which is used in social interaction. The names of people in the Yuan Dynasty have two characters, one character, and most of them are two characters. Since the Yuan Dynasty, it is very common to be an official in the order of generations, that is, people of the same generation use the same word as a symbol. For example, in my father's generation, "Hong" was the same word used in the official names of brothers.

Although Weibo Village was formed in the early Yuan Dynasty, the present Tianqi Temple should not be mentioned in the same breath as the original temple, because there are inscriptions of Zhengde, Chongzhen and Shunzhi Dynasties in the Tianqi Temple. In the 11th year of Zhengde in Ming Dynasty (15 16), it was rebuilt in the years of Qingganlong and Jiaqing. In the 18th year of Guangxu (1892), the stage music building was rebuilt and rebuilt. In particular, the music building stage is beautifully carved and beautifully shaped, and it is impossible to build it without corresponding financial and material resources; It also indirectly proves that there are more and more rich people in Weibo village at this time. The Apocalypse Temple was rebuilt in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. Why rebuild? Is the original temple too small to look good? Or was the original temple destroyed by war or natural disasters? We don't know. Now the Tianqi Temple was built in the 18th year of Guangxu in Qing Dynasty. It has been 120 years since the 18th year of Guangxu. It is estimated that the scale of Weibo village has basically taken shape at this time. Because the Guo family living in Xixigou village is 13 years old, nearly 400 years old.

Why did our ancestors move their families to Weibo Village? The migration and mobility of ancient people were wars and disasters. In ancient times, once a war broke out, the more prosperous towns were the first to be ravaged, and residents would leave the more prosperous counties and move to more remote places. Du Xunhe, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, chanted, "If the mountains are deeper, we should also avoid the levy and have no plans." This was the reality at that time. Weibo village was under the jurisdiction of Pingding government in ancient times. At that time, Pingding County had a large jurisdiction, including Xiyang, Pingding, Yangquan and Yuxian. County magistrate "Shi Ai" is located in Xincheng Village, Zhangzhuang Town, belonging to Taiyuan County. Later, the county magistrate moved to Yangguang Village (now Xiyang County). From the Yuan Dynasty to the Ming and Qing Dynasties, Weibo Village was hundreds of miles away from the surrounding counties: Shi 'ai 100, Xiyang 120, Shouyang 100 and Jingxing 150. In the case of inconvenient transportation in ancient times, Weibo village should belong to a relatively remote and desolate place. When I was a child, I heard a legend that there was a root beam in the main hall of Tianqi Temple in Weibo Village, which was cut by Vitex negundo in Qingyang ditch. This is of course an exaggeration. Even if the Vitex negundo is thousands of years long, it will not be as thick as the temple beam. But this just shows that when Tianqi Temple was built, it was deserted and the Vitex negundo could grow as thick as the temple beam.

In addition, it is the drought in the north. Shanxi is located in the eastern part of North China, which is cut off by Taihang Mountain. The climate is humid and difficult to reach, and there is little precipitation. Terrain is located in the loess plateau, valley terrain, and there are few rivers flowing through it. In spring, the temperature rises rapidly and the evaporation is strong; How strong the wind is, accelerate the evaporation of water. Therefore, there are nine droughts in this area for ten years. For example, the three years (1877) and four years (1878) of Guangxu before 1878 were called "the strange shortage of Ding Wu" in history, because 1877 was the ugly year of Ding and 1878 was the year of Wuyin. The severe drought for two consecutive years has left less than 9 million people in Shanxi160,000, and 5 million people have died of hunger and thirst. Ceng Guoquan, governor of Shaanxi Province, said in the memorial that the disaster area "has more than a thousand miles of bare land and five or six million hungry people. Drought and strange disasters have never happened in ancient times." (Zeng Zhongxiang's letter to the public, Volume 8). When I was a child in the countryside, almost every household had a water cellar. Whenever it rains, the rain in the sky will flow down from the top of the cave, collect in the courtyard dam, and then collect into a water cellar, and save it for later use when it doesn't rain. During the Cultural Revolution, I worked in the village for five years, from 197 1 to 1975, and not a year passed without drought resistance.

Weibo Village is low-lying, with reeds and Shui Bo rippling. It was called "small basin" in ancient times. Ten years and nine droughts in the north, at least this place is not short of water, which is obviously more suitable for human survival. As a result, more and more people moved here. Villagers build houses and brick kilns in Weibo Valley from east to west, live in groups, recuperate, reproduce and inherit, and continue to this day ~