What's the difference between Israelis and Jews?

Jews represent a race. . . . Israel is a country established on behalf of the Jews. It is the difference between Han people and China people.

------------------------------------------------------------The history of the Jews began in the first 5 years of the second millennium BC, and the ancestor was Abraham. A famine throughout the country forced Jacob and his sons, the ancestors of twelve tribes in Israel, to move to Egypt, where their descendants became slaves. Centuries later, Moses led the people out of Egypt, got rid of slavery, ran to freedom, and finally returned to Israel. They wandered the desert of sinai for 4 years, where they formed a nation and accepted the laws of Moses, including the Ten Commandments, and the monotheism founded by their ancestors began to take shape. Under the command of Joshua, the tribes of Israel conquered the homeland of Israel and settled down, but they often joined forces under the leadership of leaders called "judges" only when they were threatened from outside. In 128 BC, Saul established a monarchy; His successor, David, unified the tribes and established their capital in Jerusalem in 1 BC. Solomon, the son of David, developed the kingdom into a prosperous commercial power and built the monotheistic temple of Israel in Jerusalem. Archaeological excavations have confirmed that during the reign of Solomon, important city trade centers were established in some fortified towns, such as Xiasuo, Megiddo and Geji. After Solomon's death, the country split into two kingdoms: one is the kingdom of Israel, with its capital in Samaria; One is the Jewish kingdom, with its capital in Jerusalem. The two kingdoms coexisted for two centuries, ruled by Jewish kings and warned by prophets to uphold social justice and obey the law. In 722 BC, the kingdom of Israel was occupied by Assyrians, and its people were forced into exile (known as "the lost ten tribes" in history). In 586 BC, the Jewish kingdom was conquered by the Babylonians. The invaders destroyed the temple in Jerusalem and exiled most Jews to Babylon. During the period of Jewish autonomy (538-6 BC), the Babylonian Empire was conquered by Persians in 539 BC. After that, many Jews returned to Judah (Israel's homeland) and rebuilt the temple in Jerusalem, and the Jewish way of life in their homeland was restored. For the next four centuries, Jews enjoyed a great degree of autonomy under the rule of Persians and ancient Greeks. The Seleucid dynasty in Syria imposed a series of measures to prohibit the religious belief of Jews, which led to the uprising led by the Maccabi family (Hasmonians) in 168 BC, and then established an independent Jewish kingdom ruled by the Jewish kings of the Hasmonic dynasty for about 8 years. Alien rule (6 BC-1948 AD) Since 6 BC, the country has been weakened by civil strife and increasingly controlled by Rome. In order to get rid of Roman rule, Jews launched another uprising, the largest of which broke out in 66 AD. After four years of fighting, the Romans conquered Judea (Judah) in 7 AD, burned down the Second Temple and exiled many Jews in China. The last resistance of Jews to Rome was that more than a thousand people stuck in the castle at the top of Masada. This rebellion ended in 73 AD with the collective suicide of the defenders. It became a symbol of the Jews' struggle for freedom in their own land. Under the rule of Rome (7-313 AD) and Byzantium (313-636 AD), Jewish society continued to maintain and develop its own legal, educational and cultural systems in its native land. In the 2nd century A.D., Jewish law, which involved all aspects of life, was compiled into the Missina Sutra, an oral law, and then expanded into the Talmud Sutra in the 3rd-5th century A.D.. Some of these laws were later revised according to the situation, and they are still observed by Jews who abide by the canon. Another attempt by Jews to regain national sovereignty was the bar kokhba Uprising in 132 AD, which resulted in the establishment of an independent Jewish enclave in Judea, with Jerusalem as its capital. However, three years later, the Romans defeated bar kokhba, and in order to sever the ties between Jews and their homeland, they renamed Jerusalem Elia Kapitolina and the country Balestina. From the 7th century, the country was successively divided into Arabs (613-191), Seljuks (191-199), Crusaders (199-1291), Mamluks (1291-1516), Ottoman Turks (1517-1917) and British (1917). Rulers in different periods arbitrarily changed their borders and names. The king's palace built by the conquerors is a historical testimony of their rule over this homeland. Although there are fewer and fewer Jews because of the alien rule for thousands of years, Jews have always maintained their existence in this homeland, and the Jewish population has also increased with the return of Jews scattered in various countries. By the mid-19th century, the sparse Jewish population had a rapid increase. For centuries, Zionism, hoping to return to Zion one day (Zion, traditionally synonymous with Jerusalem and the homeland of Israel), has been the pillar of life for Jews scattered around the world. By the end of the 19th century, Jews in Eastern Europe were constantly oppressed and persecuted, while Jews in Western Europe were increasingly disillusioned with the formal liberation that neither ended racial discrimination nor integrated Jews with the society of their country, and Zionism emerged as a national liberation movement. In 1897, theodor herzl held the first Zionist Congress in Basel. At the meeting, the Zionist movement became a formal political organization, which called on Jews to return to their homeland of Israel and revive Jewish national life in their ancestral homeland. Inspired by Zionism, thousands of Jews began to return to their homeland. At that time, this homeland was a part of the Ottoman Empire, sparsely populated and ignored by the world. Early pioneers drained swamps here, reclaimed wasteland, planted trees on bald mountains, set up industries and built cities and villages. They established community institutions and service facilities, and restored Hebrew, which had long been used only for worship and literature, to daily life. In 1922, based on the recognition that "Jews have historical ties with Palestine (Israel's homeland)" and "rebuilding the Jewish homeland in that country", the International League of Two Nationalities entrusted Britain to rule this homeland, and specifically charged Britain to "create various political, administrative and economic environments for this country to ensure the establishment of the Jewish homeland." In the same year, Britain established the Emirates of Jordan outside Arabia (today's Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan) on three-quarters of the territory of this trust territory, leaving only the area west of the Jordan River for the development of Jewish homeland. Arab extremist leaders even oppose the establishment of Jewish homeland in such a small area. They instigate attacks on Jewish communities and even attack Arabs who advocate Arab-Jewish relations. British restrictions on Jewish immigration and settlement did not stop Arab militants, and violent incidents occurred frequently and continued until the outbreak of World War II. During World War II, the Nazis killed about 6 million European Jews, including 1.5 million children. After the war, despite the urgent need to find refuge for Jews who survived the Nazi Holocaust, Britain did not cancel the quota of Jewish immigrants. In order to explain the stamp: Anna Frank and her family had been hiding from Nazi persecution in this house for two years to deal with the British policy of restricting immigration. The Jewish community in the native land, together with Jews from all over the world, mobilized all human and material resources and organized an "illegal" immigration movement to transfer 85, refugees from Europe to their native land. Arabs opposed the settlement of Jews in their homeland, while Jews insisted on lifting the restrictions on Jewish immigration. Britain handed over the issue to the United Nations when it could not mediate. On November 29th, 1947, the United Nations General Assembly voted to establish two countries in the west of the Jordan River: a Jewish state and an Arab state. Jews accepted Ding's partition plan while Arabs rejected it. On May 14th, 1948, when the British trusteeship ended, the Jews immediately announced the establishment of the State of Israel. Less than 24 hours later, the armies of five Arab countries invaded the new country. This war of Israeli independence lasted intermittently for more than a year, and in July 1949, armistice agreements were signed with neighboring Arab countries on the basis of ceasefire lines. In its founding declaration, Israel stated that it "extends a hand of peace and good neighborliness to all its neighbors and their peoples." Although successive Israeli prime ministers have repeatedly reiterated this appeal, it has always been rejected or ignored. Arab terrorists keep attacking Israeli population centers. Arab countries not only support and encourage the attacks, but also implement economic and diplomatic boycotts, block the international shipping lanes of Israel and provoke a full-scale war. In 1956 and 1967, Israel launched pre-emptive attacks in response to deliberate provocation. In 1973, Israel repelled all-out attacks launched by Arab neighbors from three fronts at the same time. In 1982, because the residents in northern Galilee were repeatedly attacked by terrorists, Israel took action to destroy the base of the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) for terrorist activities in southern Lebanon. In 1977, Egyptian President Sadat visited Jerusalem at the invitation of Premier Bei Jing, thus breaking the deadlock of refusing peace. This visit led to negotiations between the two sides, which resulted in the signing of the Egyptian-Israeli Peace Treaty on March 26th, 1979 and the conclusion of the Camp David Agreement, which included relevant provisions for achieving peace in the Middle East and an arrangement on the future status of Judea, Samaria and Gaza administered by Israel since 1967. With the outbreak of violent protests in these areas in 1987, the Arab-Israeli conflict focused on the Palestinian Arab side. Israel is convinced that the parties concerned can only solve the problem through direct negotiations, and therefore welcomes the opportunity for dialogue provided by the Middle East Peace Conference held in Madrid on October 3, 1991 under the auspices of the United States and Russia. The meeting brought together a Palestinian delegation from Israel, Lebanon, Syria and Jordan, which laid the foundation for Israel's subsequent bilateral negotiations with each of its Arab neighbors and multilateral talks to solve regional problems. Fifty years later, Babylon was captured by Persia and Medes, and Israel became slaves of Persia. Seventy years later, Artaxerxes, king of Persia, allowed the remaining Israelites to return to their homeland and rebuild Jerusalem and the temple. But the rebuilt Judas is only a province of Persia, and it is no longer an independent country. From then on, the Israelites were called Jews.