How to give consideration to social efficiency and fairness in the formulation of social policies and make the society develop healthily?

First, give consideration to efficiency and fairness in the initial distribution, let various factors follow the market principle to obtain benefits, and strengthen the regulation of unreasonable factors. First, improve the normal wage growth mechanism of employees. Improve the guidance system for macro-control of wages, and give full play to the regulatory role of wage guidance line, labor market wage guidance price and industry labor cost information. Gradually establish a collective wage negotiation system in various enterprises, improve and implement the minimum wage system, improve the labor quota management system, and ensure that wages are paid in full and on time. The second is to speed up the reform of monopoly industries and strengthen the adjustment of income distribution in monopoly industries. Introduce new competitive factors through market access and create an equal competitive environment. Improve the budget system for state-owned capital operation and the special income system for monopoly industries. Strengthen the institutional constraints of internal income distribution in monopoly industries, establish a system to determine salary according to business performance, risks and responsibilities, determine a reasonable proportion of income between operators and employees, and limit all kinds of unreasonable high income and job consumption. Strengthen the price management of products and services in monopoly industries, further improve the price hearing system, and severely investigate and deal with arbitrary charges, fines, apportionment and price increases. The third is to improve the pricing mechanism of resource products. Establish and improve the system of paid use of land and mineral resources, standardize trading behavior, safeguard national interests, protect owners' rights and interests and operators' reasonable income.

Second, pay more attention to the fairness of redistribution, focus on improving residents' income, and speed up the improvement of the fiscal and taxation system. By improving the system and mechanism, we will gradually reverse the trend that tax revenue growth is faster than economic growth and government expenditure is biased towards productive investment, avoid the growth of fiscal revenue squeezing the income growth space of residents, and solve the problem that insufficient government transfer payments and social security expenditures affect the consumption tendency of residents. Actively promote the reform of personal income tax, establish a comprehensive and classified personal income tax system as soon as possible, rationally adjust the tax rate range and level, strengthen tax source monitoring and tax collection and management, and increase the adjustment of high income. Create conditions for more people to have property income, strengthen the regulation of property income, and levy a unified property tax in a timely manner. In addition, accelerate the development of charity, actively support the development of public welfare and charitable funds with preferential tax policies, and play the role of "third distribution" in alleviating the widening income gap.

Third, improve the public service system, improve the quality and level of public services, promote the equalization of public services, and solve the problem of equal opportunities for public services. Mainly includes: First, the fairness of educational opportunities. Improving the education level of the whole nation is the fundamental way to narrow the income gap. The government should increase investment in basic education, especially the transfer payment to the central and western regions; Ensure that children from different families have fair opportunities to receive quality education, and vocational education and skills training should be tilted towards vulnerable groups. The second is the fairness of employment opportunities. Establish a unified labor market, break the market division between urban and rural areas, regions and ownership, so that workers can get reasonable remuneration in equal competition and promote the fairness of workers' development opportunities through process fairness. The third is the fairness of access to basic medical services and social security opportunities. It is necessary to focus on strengthening the construction of grassroots public health service networks. Further improve the urban and rural social security system, expand the coverage of social security, focus on solving the problem of excessive differences in social security benefits, and improve the minimum living security system.

Fourth, focus on narrowing the gap between urban and rural areas and give play to the important supporting role of urbanization in narrowing the income gap and promoting economic development. Solving the income gap between urban and rural residents fundamentally depends on the level of economic development and the process of urbanization. Adhere to the road of urbanization with China characteristics, prevent urbanization from being alienated into simple urban expansion and crowding out rural resources, and promote the benign interaction between urbanization and new rural construction. It is necessary to deepen the reform of the household registration system, solve the employment and living problems of migrant workers in cities and towns in a planned way, and gradually realize that migrant workers enjoy the same treatment as urban residents in terms of labor remuneration, schooling for their children, public health, housing rental and social security. To formulate effective measures and policies, we should not only make public investment and public services truly tilt towards agriculture, rural areas and farmers, but also accelerate the construction of various social welfare and social security systems in rural areas, and also accelerate the exploration and improvement of rural homestead replacement and voluntary paid land transfer.

Five, continue to do a good job in rural poverty alleviation. It is necessary to intensify poverty alleviation, adhere to development-oriented poverty alleviation, fundamentally improve the self-development ability of poor areas and poor people, and focus on concentrated contiguous poverty-stricken areas and special poverty-stricken areas with deep poverty. For some residents whose ecological environment is fragile and unfit for human habitation, they should gradually move to areas with better development conditions, and implement ecological migration and poverty alleviation in different places. Continue to increase support for the development of old revolutionary base areas, ethnic minority areas, border areas and poverty-stricken areas. Constantly improve policies such as labor transfer training and industrialization poverty alleviation. Gradually improve the poverty alleviation standards, constantly innovate the working mechanism, and realize the effective connection between the rural subsistence allowance system and the poverty alleviation and development policy.

Six, improve the work system and monitoring system of income distribution adjustment. It is necessary to strengthen the planning and leadership of income distribution adjustment and establish and improve the working mechanism of income distribution adjustment. Study and put forward the phased work objectives of income distribution adjustment, make overall plans for the medium and long term, formulate policies comprehensively, strengthen supervision and inspection, and ensure that policies are put in place. It is necessary to improve the statistical investigation system of employees' wages, establish the system of releasing relevant information and enjoying * * *, and improve the income declaration system for high-income people. Strengthen the financial monitoring of large capital flows, standardize the payment methods of various rewards, and gradually reduce the proportion of cash payment in the process of market transactions.