The United States is a typical immigrant country, and its immigration history can be traced back to 1 620. In the past 400 years, the United States has become a mixture of more than 1000 ethnic groups, and there have been several major immigration waves in American history. At the beginning of the founding of the People's Republic of China, the domestic population of the United States was only 3.9 million. Except for about 760,000 blacks, the rest were almost all white, mostly from Western Europe. In the early days of the founding of the United States, there were many questions about immigration policy, and some policies were formulated to restrict immigration. During the period of 1796- 18 15, the average number of European immigrants to the United States was only about 3,000 per year. After the Napoleonic Wars, Europe regained peace. With the demobilization of a large number of soldiers, the unemployment problem in European countries is becoming more and more serious, and the number of immigrants to the United States is increasing year by year. At this time, the United States also changed its immigration policy for the needs of domestic construction. 1848 after the European revolution, the wave of immigration to the United States is getting higher and higher. From 1820 to 100 of120, the United States * * * accepted about 33.5 million immigrants, forming a century-long immigration tide in the United States. The first immigration to the United States took place from 1820 to 1860. During this period, the total number of immigrants was as high as 5 million, mainly from Western Europe and Northern Europe, including about 2 million Irish and 0/700,000 Germans. A large number of African slaves were sold to the United States. At the same time, some immigrants came from Asia, mainly from China, and they came to the United States to look for gold. The second immigration * * * was from 186 1 to 1880, and about 5 million immigrants came to the United States. After the Civil War, there was a great demand for labor in the United States. In order to attract European immigrants to the United States, President Lincoln lobbied Congress to pass the Immigration Encouragement Act in 1864, so as to recruit skilled workers from Europe to the United States. They advertised in many European newspapers and published pamphlets to describe the attractive prospects of the United States to Europeans who want to immigrate. Some enterprises also provide necessary travel expenses for Europeans who want to immigrate to the United States. The third time * * * from 188 1 to 1920, the number of immigrants soared to 23.5 million, and the peak of immigration was 1907, reaching12.85 million. At this stage, the United States repeatedly legislated to restrict European immigrants and exclude Asian immigrants. The growth of "old immigrants" from northwest European countries such as Britain, Germany and Sweden is limited, while the growth of "new immigrants" from southeast European countries such as Italy and Russia is rapid. After these three immigrants, the total population of the United States exceeded1.92 billion for the first time, ranging from 1.820 to 1.920. Immigration policy has changed the fate of America. These three waves of immigrants in American history have not only had a far-reaching impact on the formation of American national character, but also made the United States rise rapidly in just over a hundred years, replacing Britain as the world's number one economic power, laying the foundation for becoming a world superpower in the future. It can be said that the wave of immigration has made the United States strong. In the tide of immigration, the United States enjoyed success and got thousands of unskilled workers from Europe. According to statistics, during the period of 187 1- 1892, about 23% of the immigrants from western Europe and northern Europe were skilled workers, who brought steel, textiles and other industrial technologies and became an important technical force in the American industrial revolution. Samuel, who was praised as "the father of American manufacturing" by the seventh president of the United States, Jackson? After Slater immigrated to the United States, he successfully copied an efficient cotton spinning machine in the United States with the secret of British textile industry he stole, and established a cotton spinning mill, which sounded the horn of American industrial revolution. Alexander, inventor of the telephone? Bell and Samuel, the father of the telegraph? Morse and others are also immigrants or descendants of immigrants. In addition, immigrants from China, Japan and the Philippines in Asia brought agricultural and horticultural technologies, while Italian immigrants made great contributions to municipal construction technologies such as gas, electricity and tap water. Among these immigrants, 85% are between the ages of 14 and 44, and most of them are men. These immigrants are in their prime, providing labor for the cotton textile industry, mining industry and construction industry in the United States. Irish, Germans, Italians and Northern Europeans are the main forces in the tunnel and railway projects in the eastern United States. They are in the "Westward Movement" that changed the political structure and social outlook of the early United States. The role of laborers in China should not be underestimated. Workers in China, at the expense of blood, sweat and life, successfully completed the construction of the western section of the Pacific Railway across the United States under extremely harsh conditions. Up to now, you can still see a metal plaque inscribed in Chinese along the California railway, which reads "California Railway, North-South Connection". China spirit, flesh and blood. As Crocker, who advocates recruiting workers from China, said, "The timely completion of this railway is largely due to the poor and despised working class in China-due to their loyalty and hard work." This sentence later became a famous "one-sentence history" in the history of American immigrants. As far as the United States is concerned, its immigration policy is not static. From 18 15 to 1882, the United States * * implemented a completely free immigration system. However, since 1882, great changes have taken place in American immigration policy, and laws restricting and excluding immigrants have been introduced one after another.
American history project USINFO/PUBS/ historical introduction/index The full name of the United States of America is the United States of America. It is a young country with a history of more than 200 years since its founding. 1 pre-colonial era 2 colonial era (1493- 1779) 3 American war 41789-1861American history 5186/kloc-. 1871964-19808 end of the cold war (1980-1988) 9 new era (1988- now) 10 other topics.
Native Americans such as Indians live in this vast land. According to legend, their ancestors crossed Siberia and crossed the Bering Strait about 10,000 years ago, where they thrived. They don't have their own words.
But it is rich in oral literature. There are great differences in historical statistics about the aboriginal population. According to 1492 (Columbus first came to North America), the total number of North American Indians is about 8 million to10 million. With the deepening of European colonists, the health and territory of aborigines were seriously threatened. Due to all kinds of germs brought by Europeans, the indigenous population decreased by 90% in 150 years; Their village was destroyed, and the land originally used for animal husbandry or planting was also destroyed. Colonial era (1493 ——1779) Main text: the colonial era in North America. "Where no one has been,
We hope to transplant a country in the early17th century.
Britain began to colonize North America. The first North American immigrants were mainly farmers who lost their land.
Hard-living workers and Puritans persecuted by religion. In colonial times
With the long-term war with the native Indians of North America, the serious shortage of labor produced slaves, indentured slaves and other non-free labor, and Britain's laissez-faire policy enabled the unique spirit and culture of the United States to develop its uniqueness. The evil slave trade prevailed in America. From 1607 to 1733.
British colonists successively established thirteen colonies on the east coast of North America.
then
These colonies became the original thirteen states of the United States. Important historical events:1665438+July 2009
The Virginia Parliament is held in Jamestown, Virginia.
This is the earliest representative institution in the world. 1620 1 1 month
A group of Puritans persecuted by England arrived in Plymouth Harbor by may flower.
* * * Sign the Mayflower Convention.
Decided to manage according to the wishes of most people.
* * * Establish people's rule. . knowledge.yahoo/question/？ qid = 7006 1 1 1302798