What was Yan 'an called in ancient times?

The ancient name of Yan 'an changes with the evolution of history, as follows:

Qin and Han dynasties

During the Qin and Han Dynasties, Yan 'an belonged to Shang Jun (Zhipi County, now Yulin South). During the Zhao Haoqi period of Qin Dynasty, Qin established Gao Nu County in Yan 'an, and the county was ruled in Yinjiagou, east of Yan 'an today. This was the beginning of Yan 'an's city construction, and its walls still exist today. After the Qin Dynasty unified the six countries, General Meng Tian led 300,000 troops to attack the Xiongnu in the north, and then supervised the construction of the Great Wall and the way of the Qin Dynasty. During the reign of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, a large number of immigrants were stationed in the garrison, which made the agricultural economy in northern Shaanxi and other places develop unprecedentedly and was known as the "New Qin Dynasty" (meaning as rich as Guanzhong). "Shu Fu San Jun Shu" in the Han Dynasty describes that "the grass and grass are abundant and suitable for grazing, with cattle and horses at the tail and sheep blocking the road".

Wei, Jin, southern and northern dynasties

During the Three Kingdoms period, Yan 'an was occupied by Hu Qiang.

In the third year of Yixi in the Eastern Jin Dynasty (407), Tiefubuhe of Xiongnu established Daxia State. Lin Fengcheng (now Zhoujiawan Village, Lijiaqu Town, Baota District) was built in the east of Yan 'an. In the Song Dynasty, Shen Kuo toured the city, saying that it was as dense as a stone, and the city was not very thick, but the horse's face was extremely long and dense, which was conducive to the use of troops to defend, and praised "the city of Helian Bobo, which is deeply solvable".

In the Western Wei Dynasty, Eastern Xia Prefecture was established, from which Cheng Jun, Shuofang, Ding Yang and the Monk Army came into being. Located in North China, it leads Central County and Fucheng County.

The names of Yanzhou and Yan 'an first appeared in Sui Shu. According to the geographical records, "After Yan 'an County, Wei set up Eastern Xia State, and the Western Wei changed to Yanzhou, setting up the Governor's Office and opening the Imperial Palace. The office cancelled 1 1 counties and 53,939 households. The great cause of skin application was set in Yan 'an County for three years, and Lin Fengshan, LAM Raymond, Guangwu and Quancheng County in the rear area of Wei Dynasty were abandoned at the beginning of the emperor. Eighteen years, changed to LAM Raymond. At the beginning of the great cause, it was merged with Woye County and placed in Wei Ping and Wei Dynasty. Shuofang County and Hezheng County were merged into Yan, and there were officials. Shenmu County, Zhenchuan County and Waste County will have clear water next week. After the week, the county was changed to Danyang, and the county was abolished at the beginning of the Emperor, and the county was changed to Yichuan and Lechuan. At the beginning of the great cause, Feizhou and Yunyan County were pulled into Yanfenchuan, originally called Anping, and changed to Fenchuan next week. At the beginning of the great cause, Feimenshan County changed to Xianning, once called Yongning, the Western Wei Dynasty changed to Taiping, and the Emperor changed to Xianning. " According to another record, in the second year of Daye, Fucheng County was established to the south of Yan 'an, and later changed to Shang Jun County, which governed five counties (Luojiao, Neibian, Sanchuan, Fucheng and Luochuan).

Panorama of Yan 'an (2) Tang and Song Dynasties

In the first year of Tang Wude (6 18), Yan 'an County was changed to Yanzhou Presidential System, which was in charge of the three counties of Pumice, LAM Raymond and Yanchuan, and managed Nanping, Beiwu and Eastern Xia. Change the county to Fuzhou, and take charge of the six counties of Luojiao, Luochuan, Sanchuan, Fulu, Neibu and Fucheng.

Song Dynasty belongs to Yongxing Army Road, including Yanzhou, Fuzhou, Danzhou and Zhoufang. During this period, there were frequent wars between the Song Dynasty and Xixia, and famous officials of the Song Dynasty, such as Pang Ji, Fan Yong, Han Qi and Fan Zhongyan, all defended the enemy here. In the fourth year of Song and Yuan Dynasties (1089), Yanzhou was promoted to Yanan Prefecture.

Jin An was stationed in Zhangwu, in charge of the military department of the government. Jinxia set up a market in the security forces (now Zhidan).

Yuan Ming Qing dynasty

Ming dynasty changed Yan' an mansion. At the end of the Ming Dynasty, a great uprising broke out among farmers in northern Shaanxi, and farmers' leaders such as Li Zicheng and Zhang crisscrossed Yan 'an.

Yan 'an Prefecture was still established in the Qing Dynasty, and led three states (Fuzhou, Suide and Jiazhou) and 16 counties (Pumice, Ansai, Ganquan, Anding, Baoan, Yichuan, Yanchang, Qingjian, Luochuan, Zhongbu, Yijun, Mizhi, Wubao, Shenmu and Fugu) during the Shunzhi period. During the Yongzheng period, three states belonged to Zhili, and the government led eight counties (Pumice, Ansai, Ganquan, Anding, Baoan, Yichuan, Yanchuan and Yanchang). During the Qianlong period, Dingbian and Jingbian counties were added. During the Tongzhi period, the Shaanxi-Gansu Hui uprising army and the Xi Nian army fought against the Qing Dynasty in Yan 'an, and left the Xiang army to enter the customs to suppress Fu. Yuan Dakui, the last armed force of the Nian Army, was suppressed in Yongning Mountain, and the Nian Army movement finally failed in China. At the end of Qing Dynasty, the Qing government established Yanchang Oil Plant in Yanchang County and drilled the first oil well in Chinese mainland.

Republic of China period

In the second year of the Republic of China (19 13), this place belongs to Yulin Road. 17 years (1928), the roads were removed, and the counties were directly under the jurisdiction of the province. Twenty-four years of the Republic of China (1935) in September, Yan' an North and South counties belong to the third and second administrative supervision areas of Shaanxi Province of the National Government. 1944, the Office of the Third Administrative Inspector of Shaanxi Province was stationed in Luochuan, initially taking Luochuan, Ganquan, Yichuan, Fuxian, Zhongbu and Yijun counties, and then taking Luochuan, Huangling (renamed from Zhongbu County in 1944) and Huanglong Administrative Office. 1948 From March to April, the People's Liberation Army successively liberated the counties under the jurisdiction of the Third Administrative Supervision Zone.

/kloc-at the beginning of 0/926, Li Xiangjiu and Xie Zichang established the first and second secret service detachments of Yichuan Army. At the turn of spring and summer, Shaanxi No.4 Middle School (Yan 'an) established a special branch school in Yan 'an. It is the earliest local organization in Yan 'an. In 1930s, Liu Zhidan, Xie Zichang and others launched an armed struggle in Yan 'an, and founded two revolutionary bases, namely, Shaanxi-Gansu border and northern Shaanxi. 1935165438+10 month, which is called Shaanxi, Gansu and northern Shaanxi. 1935 10, the Central Long March reached Wuqi. 1937 September, the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Border Region was established, 10/0 October, Yan 'an Municipal Government was established, directly under the border region government. Wuqi County was founded in 1942 and belongs to the Trilateral Division. In June of the same year, 5438+065438+ 10, the expansion department was established, and in June, 5438+ 10, the administrative inspector office was established, which governs Yan 'an city and Yan 'an, Fuxian, Ganquan, Zhidan, Ansai, Zichang, Yanchuan, Yanchang and Gu Lin/kloc-0. 1948 65438+ 10, Huanglong district was established in the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia border region, which governs Luochuan, Huangling, Yijun, Yichuan and Huanglong counties 10. In February of the following year, Jiafu County. 1May, 949, it was divided into counties and the northern Shaanxi administrative region was established. Weibei Administrative Office is located in Yan 'an, which has jurisdiction over four streets of Yulin, Sanbian, Suide and Huanglong and seven counties directly under Yan 'an, Yanchuan, Zichang, Ansai, Zhidan and Ganquan.