The historical background of the Jing people, the reasons for moving out of Vietnam and their previous living conditions.

Jing people mainly live in Jiwei, Wutou and Shanxin islands in Jiangping Township, Fangcheng Autonomous County, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, and are known as the "three islands of Jing people". The rest are distributed in Tangji, Hongkan, Hengwang and Qinxian.

The population of Jing nationality is large 189 15 (the fourth population census 1990).

The Jing nationality who claimed to be "Jing nationality", "Yue" or "Annan" in history, 1958 was officially named Jing nationality with the approval of the State Council.

Jing ancestors/kloc-drifted from Tushan and other places at the beginning of the 6th century. At that time, it was an uninhabited desert island, and they developed and built these three islands together with the Han and Zhuang people who moved here one after another. The Jing nationality area is adjacent to Vietnam. /kloc-After the French invaded Vietnam in the 20th and 9th centuries, they invaded the Jing nationality area of China many times. The Jing people and the local people of all ethnic groups are closely United and bravely resist the aggression of French imperialism. In War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, the War of Liberation and the battle to defend the motherland's frontier after the founding of New China, the Jing people all made their own contributions.

Jing people have their own language, but the pedigree of the language is uncertain. Without writing, the vast majority of Jing people use Chinese (Cantonese) and Chinese. The oral literature of Jing nationality is rich in content, and its poems occupy an important position. Jing people love singing, and there are more than 30 kinds of songs with a wide range of contents, including folk songs, love songs, wedding songs, fishing songs and narrative songs. Single stringed piano is a unique national musical instrument of Jing nationality, and its timbre is very elegant and beautiful. The "singing ha" (meaning singing), bamboo dance and piano solo that Jing people like are known as the three "pearls" connecting Beijing culture.

The Jing people are mainly engaged in coastal fisheries. The Jing nationality is the only ethnic group living by the sea in China. In the past, their lifestyle was relatively simple. After the reform and opening up, the Jing nationality developed agriculture, fish processing industry and artificial breeding of pearls and seahorses.

Most of the houses of the Jing nationality are brick houses, and the buildings are relatively strong, which can prevent the sea breeze. The diet is mainly rice, eat more fish and shrimp, and like to season with fish juice. Women wear narrow sleeves, tight-fitting, collarless jackets and long and wide trousers; The man has a knee-length coat, narrow sleeves and a belt around his waist.

The Jing people mainly believe in Taoism, and a few people believe in Catholicism. Traditional festivals include Spring Festival, Tomb-Sweeping Day, Dragon Boat Festival, Mid-Autumn Festival and Singing Ha Festival. One of the most solemn and lively festivals is the "Singing Ha Festival" (Song Festival). Singing Hado is held in Harding, which is a building with a unique national style.

Ha Festival is a traditional festival of the Jing nationality. "Ha" means "song" in Beijing, and Ha Festival is a festival of singing. Due to different regions, the dates are different. Shu Wei and Wutou are in June 10, and Shanxin (Island) is in August 10. It is said that seven or eight hundred years ago, a singer came to the Jing area and rebelled against the feudal rich man with beautiful and profound singing, which was well received by the Jing people. In memory of the singing fairy, people established hatred. During the festival, the whole village got together, singing and dancing all night, and held activities such as meeting the gods, offering sacrifices to ancestors, fighting and wrestling in hatred.

1952, three ethnic townships of Shu Wei, Wutou and Shanxin were established. 1958 In May, Dongxing Autonomous County was established. Dongxing Autonomous County was transferred from Guangdong Province to Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region on 1965, and was renamed Fangcheng Autonomous County on1978+February 25th.

Daily Eating Habits In most areas, Jing people are used to eating three meals by solar eclipse. The Jing people who live at the end of the river are generally used to eating two meals during an eclipse. Breakfast is usually chosen around eleven o'clock in the morning, and dinner is not eaten until after dark. In the past, Jing people often used corn, sweet potatoes and taro mixed with a small amount of rice to cook porridge as their staple food. They only eat dry rice when they go fishing or harvest in autumn. Nowadays, rice has become the most common staple food of the Jing people. Rice is not only used for cooking, but also often ground into "wind-blown (rice+one)" and "rice+one" silk. "Wind-blown (meter+one)" is a thin round cake with a diameter of nearly 1 ft. It is steamed with rice flour, sprinkled with sesame seeds to dry, and then roasted on a charcoal fire. It is crispy and refreshing. "(rice+silk)" is vermicelli made of rice flour, which is dried, processed and eaten. "Silk with rice and clothes" is a favorite dish of Jing people. Mix "(rice+Italian) silk" with conch meat and crab meat to make (rice+Italian) silk snail soup, which is sweet, tender and smooth and has a unique flavor. The daily dishes are mainly fish and shrimp, and they are often made into fish juice as a seasoning for each meal. Pigs and chickens raised at home are also the main sources of daily meat. In the past, Jing people were forbidden to put bowls on boats, not to step on stoves and so on.

Festivals, Etiquette and Dietary Customs The most solemn and lively festival of the Jing people is "Singing Ha Festival". It used to be held every year, with different dates in different places. "Singing" in Beijing means singing for entertainment. On the day of the festival, all the men, women and children in the village should put on costumes and gather in Harding (a public place for singing and entertainment) to worship the gods, so as to ensure a bumper fishery and a rich life for people and animals. Every year in Harbin Festival, villagers take turns to be "Hatou" (the person who presides over singing and entertainment in Harbin Festival). Hatou gives birth to a fat pig and sets a table of wine and meat. Singing in turn at the banquet, women can only listen to singing, not sit. During the Spring Festival, every household should make "sweet potato (rice+one)" (a kind of cake made of glutinous rice flour wrapped with sugar heart). For breakfast on the first day of New Year, they don't eat meat or drink, but only eat sugar porridge, zongzi and sweet potato (rice+one). The whole family eats zongzi and drinks realgar wine during the Dragon Boat Festival. In addition to making glutinous rice, glutinous rice porridge and hair dryer (rice plus one), the Mid-Autumn Festival will also buy pork and moon cakes for a reunion dinner. When young Jing men and women are engaged, the man will give the woman a certain amount of pork and cakes as gifts, and poor families will also send a small amount of sugar, glutinous rice, tea and cakes as wedding invitations. When getting married, the man should prepare 100 Jin of pork, 200 glasses of wine (each cup is equal to 200 grams), seven measures of rice and other gifts for the woman. Three days after the wedding, the bride "returns to the tide", and the couple will bring their two trays of red glutinous rice (about 6 kg), two pieces of pork and two chickens back to their parents' home to thank their parents, and the wedding will be over.

In the past, most Jing people believed in Buddhism and Taoism, and a few believed in Catholicism. On holidays, there should be worship activities. During the Spring Festival, the whole village will go to Harding to worship the gods with pigs, chickens and fish as offerings, and then go home to worship their ancestors. Being punctual at the age of 20, you must put the sweet potato (rice+one) in front of the ancestral tablet before you can fall asleep. The fifteenth day of the first month is a small year, and pigs, chickens and fish should also be prepared to worship their ancestors. Boiling pork to worship ancestors is still a ceremony for Jing women when they get married. Every year, on Haji Festival, all men over the age of 16 should buy chicken, wine, glutinous rice, betel nut and other sacrifices for Harting. Only after the worship is over, can men be counted as "joining the group" (that is, entering adulthood) and allowed to participate in singing Haji Festival before they can participate in fishing production. In the past, in the Jing nationality, whenever the new network went to sea or the seafood harvest was poor, various sacrifices were set up at the seaside to pray for the safe return of the people who went to sea and a bumper harvest of fisheries.

Typical food The typical food of the Jing nationality is: fish juice, also known as "catfish juice". It is a traditional condiment of Jing nationality, which is pickled by various small fish.