Are Australians blond? What do they look like? Describe it.

According to the research of geologists, anthropologists and historians, about 50 thousand years ago, primitive humans from Indonesia and New Guinea Islands crossed the ocean to Australia and became the first indigenous people to settle in Australia. Indigenous people have dark skin color and live by hunting and gathering wild food. Indigenous people are scattered in the north in the form of small nomadic families or tribes. At present, a large number of burnt colored stones are still excavated in the caves hundreds of kilometers in Kokadu National Park in northern Fiona Fang. It is a great pity that the life scenes of the aborigines have already drifted away with the history.

About 500 years ago, some explorers crossed the ocean and stumbled into Australia from the vast waves in the northern part of the Australian mainland. From 1688 to 1699, William? Pierre also came to Australia twice to explore the wilderness in the northwest. Pierre may not like this place. After the expedition, Cao wrote a boring report and submitted it to the British government. The British government was "misled" by his report and lost interest in this "southern land".

More than half a century later, Britain revived the old story and sent Navy Captain James? Cook led the fleet to explore Australia. 1770 In April, Cook's fleet arrived in the southeast of Australia and was excited to discover the majestic posture of the southeast of the mainland. Cook immediately went north, drew a coastal map while walking, and landed in Botanical Garden Bay (later developed into Sydney) nine days later. Then March 3000 kilometers to the north, reach Queensland, climb the Cape York in Torres Strait, plant the British flag, announce to the world that Britain owns all the southeast Australia, and name it New South Wales. Captain Cook gave a vivid and detailed description of his discovery, which aroused Britain's interest in "developing" Australia, but at that time, the British still hesitated.

After the American War of Independence, Britain lost its exile in North America, so it thought of Australia again. 1788 65438+1October, a British fleet consisting of 1 1 ships escorted 736 criminals to Botanical Garden Bay in New South Wales and began to settle in Australia. Later, Britain appointed the Governor of New South Wales as a symbol of British kingship. From then on, the British began to dominate the history of Australia.

The arrival of the British disturbed the original living environment of Australian aborigines, and the range of activities of aborigines was shrinking. The aborigines hated this "guest" from afar, and the conflict between the two sides lasted for many years. When the British landed in Australia, there were half a million aborigines. With the expansion of Britain and the killing of aborigines, the number of aborigines decreased sharply, and the total number at the bottom was less than 300 thousand.

In the future social development, the aborigines are still not treated fairly. As late as 1900, the Australian Constitution solemnly stipulated that "indigenous people are not included in the population statistics of the Federation, States and other parts of the Federation." Indigenous people can't be treated as human beings, not to mention the rights of citizenship, voting and being elected. The aborigines fought tirelessly with the white rulers for this.

Today, on the lawn in front of the former site of the Australian Federal Parliament, there are still straw houses where indigenous people "camp", and people are stationed all day to demonstrate silently to the federal government. It seems that the struggle of indigenous people for various rights from the federal government is bound to last for a long time.

emigrant

Before 1950s, Australia was a dull, monotonous and ethnically homogeneous country. 190 1 The Immigration Act clearly stipulates that people who immigrate to Australia must pass the test of "European language". The bill has been criticized and people often laugh at it. How many immigrants from Africa and Asia know "Kelly" and Roman characters. By 1950s, 90% of China's total population was born in Australia and 8% in Britain and New Zealand. In the 1990s, with the arrival of 500,000 immigrants from Europe and Asia, Australia gradually developed into a hot land full of vitality and interest.

After World War II, people of insight in Australia advocated the policy of population expansion, and then 500,000 immigrants arrived. After a slow and painful run-in, foreign nationalities gradually infiltrated their skills and concepts into the conservative white Australian culture. The "white Australian policy" that whites insisted on was constantly impacted by immigrants, forcing whites to accept the multicultural reality, and the "white Australian policy" began to go to the end. 1973, the Labour Party represented by Whitlam came to power, and Whitlam declared to the world that Australia "abolished any discrimination on race and color". But to some extent, this is still a declaration, not an action.

In recent years, the number of immigrants to Australia has shown a downward trend, with less than 654.38+million immigrants coming to Australia every year. Immigration requires that people who come to settle in Australia must be "better than existing Australians". At present, the main immigrants are British, Irish (13%) and New Zealanders (9%). The following are Hong Kong people (8%), Vietnamese (7.5%), Filipinos (5%) and Indians (4.5%).