People's health in the Three Gorges area of the Yangtze River

200 1, the monitoring scope is the same as in previous years, including Chongqing, Wanzhou District of Chongqing, Fengdu County of Hubei Province and Yichang City. Among them, the monitoring stations in Chongqing have been adjusted, with Jiulongpo District removed and fengjie county added. The total population monitored this year is 509,955, less than that in 2000 1 1269, which is mainly related to the adjustment of monitoring stations. Among them, there are 88,759 migrants, more than in 2000 18 123, accounting for 17.45438+0% of the total monitored population. Population monitoring station 200 1 monitoring station

Total sex ratio of population (male/female) in Chongqing 1 38443 70393 680521.03 Chongqing Fengdu114359 5758156841/. 4473 63348 1.02 Yichang, Hubei12933271855 574771.25 Total 509955 264239 2457161.05. The birth population is 3,830, including 65,438+0,935 males and 65,438+0,897 females. The birth rate is 7.565,438+0 ‰, slightly lower than that in 2000. In 200 1 year, 29 14 people died, with a mortality rate of 57 1.42/65438+ 10,000, including male deaths 1650 people, with a mortality rate of 624.43/65438+ 10,000; Female deaths 1264, with a mortality rate of 5 14.42/65438+ 10,000. This year, 62 infants died within the monitoring range. Among them, there are 30 boys and 32 girls, and the infant mortality rate is 16.89‰, which is higher than that in 2000 and close to the national infant mortality rate. The statistical values of life expectancy in Fengdu and Wanzhou are 72.3 years and 73.4 years respectively, which are close to the national average.

Cause analysis: According to ICD-9 disease classification standard, the top five causes of death are cardiovascular disease (30. 10%), respiratory disease (20.0 1%), malignant tumor (20.59%), accidental injury (12.77%) and. Except for the exchange of malignant tumors and respiratory diseases, the ranking of other diseases has not changed, and their composition ratio is similar, indicating that these five diseases are the main causes of death among residents in the Three Gorges area. In 200 1 year, the number of reported cases of eight kinds of infectious diseases increased, namely influenza (950.00%), rubella (687.50%), infectious diarrhea (4 18. 18%) and mumps (39/8).

In 20001year, infectious diseases occurred every month in each monitoring point, and there were two peaks in May and1year. The main reason for the peak in May was high temperature, and the incidence of intestinal infectious diseases increased significantly, especially the reported incidence of infectious diarrhea and dysentery increased significantly. In addition, in May, 20001year, the number of mumps cases in the monitoring point increased significantly, reaching 107 cases, accounting for 20.20% of the total number of mumps cases in the whole year. The main reason for the peak in June 5438+ 10 is that the number of influenza and influenza-like cases increased significantly, reaching 89 cases, accounting for 84.76% of the annual influenza and influenza-like cases; The incidence of intestinal infectious diseases such as dysentery and infectious diarrhea is high, which is also an important factor of the peak. The flood season of the Three Gorges of the Yangtze River is the peak season for the Three Gorges tourism. At this time, you can enjoy the beautiful scenery on both sides of the Yangtze River. The Three Gorges can only sail during this period, but in the dry season, some places can't sail because of the shallow water, which is regrettable. However, after the completion of the Three Gorges Dam, the water level in the Three Gorges reach rose by more than 100 m, and there was no difference between rich and poor when visiting the Three Gorges.

Every year, the Three Gorges of the Yangtze River has a dry season from/kloc-0 to April, and a wet season from May to 1 0.

The attraction of the Three Gorges of the Yangtze River lies in the "magnificent and wonderful show". Due to the turbid water quality in the wet season, the wet season is not the best time to visit the Three Gorges of the Yangtze River. The Three Gorges tourism has its particularity, for example, the scenic spots are all over the two sides, and the mountains on both sides are not suitable for driving, so it is ideal to travel to the Three Gorges by water. Unless otherwise specified, in general, the trip to the Three Gorges is a boat tour.

The most pleasant way to visit the Three Gorges is to take a cruise, enjoy the river view and go ashore for sightseeing at each scenic spot, which not only saves the pain of changing hotels every day, but also enjoys different scenery outside the window every day.

Strictly speaking, it takes four days to visit the Three Gorges. In order to develop the three-day tour market, the Municipal Tourism Bureau took the lead in developing a new model of Three Gorges tourism from Chaotianmen to Wanzhou. 1. Enjoy the strange scenery of the Three Gorges from the riverside of Chongqing at a fast pace;

2. Visit the beautiful scenery of the upper reaches of the Yangtze River in Shanghai, Nanjing and Wuhan;

3. Looking at the wonders of the upper reaches of the Three Gorges from Yichang.

The tourist routes of the Three Gorges are similar, except that it takes a relatively reasonable time of 3-6 days to start from Chongqing to Yichang (launching) or from Yichang to Chongqing (sheung shui). There are also a few tourists who choose to travel from Chongqing to Shanghai, Nanjing or Shanghai Nanjing to Chongqing for a relatively long time, 6- 10 days, and most of them are elderly people.

The water entry time is longer than the water entry time 1-2 days. Although getting into the water is the same as getting into the water at a scenic spot, it doesn't feel like a canoe crossing Chung Shan Man because of the slow speed of the boat. There are two kinds of cruise ships sailing on the Yangtze River, domestic ships and foreign cruise ships.

(1) Inland cruise ship

The cabin of Neibin is divided into four classes, the third class is six people (bunk beds), the second class is four people (bunk beds), the first class is two people (tiled), and the special class is a big bed or a standard room (tiled). The entrance fee is between 450- 1300 yuan/person, and the food fee is around 200 yuan/person, which is relatively low and suitable.

(2) Foreign-related cruise ships

Foreign-related cruise ships, also known as luxury cruise ships, were originally designed to meet the requirements of international government reception and hotel standards. Later, as more and more overseas Chinese from Southeast Asia returned to China to visit the Yangtze River, since 2005, the foreign-related tourism of the Three Gorges has entered a golden period of rapid development. Since 2007, the significance of foreign affairs has become weaker and weaker, and the proportion of mainland tourists pursuing tourism quality has risen sharply, with the proportion of foreign guests and domestic guests reaching 40% to 60%. The Municipal Tourism Bureau is consciously increasing the number of foreign-related cruise ships to replace domestic ships.

Due to the original design intention of international government reception, the requirements of foreign-related cruise ships in the Three Gorges are higher than those in domestic cruise ships in accommodation, catering, service, entertainment program arrangement, tour guide management and private space. The guest rooms of foreign-related cruise ships are all built according to the national four-star and above standards, and their guest rooms are also divided into standard rooms, luxury suites and presidential suites. The customer selection rate of standard rooms is 80%. There are a variety of catering options for foreign-related cruise ships, mainly buffet cards combining Chinese and western. During the voyage, afternoon tea, bars and cafes are also open normally. In addition, it is the most important competitive means for foreign cruise ships to equip each room with a private observation deck and increase high-end entertainment items such as Tai Chi, Chinese painting, yoga and captain's welcome reception.

Foreign-related cruise ships are divided into four grades: four-star, five-star, super-five-star and top-class. The ticket prices are 1200- 1600 yuan/person,1500-2,400 yuan/person, 2,000-3,000 yuan/person, and 3,000-5,000 yuan/person respectively (tickets are scarce resources, with a large increase on holidays, and this data is average. Because foreign cruise ships all include meals, the total cost of four-star cruise ships is basically the same as that of domestic cruise ships.

On behalf of four-star foreign-related cruise ships: Victoria 1, Longpinghu and Princess Changjiang.

Representative five-star foreign-related cruise ships: Royal Princess, Century Star, Dragonair.

On behalf of super five-star foreign-related cruise ships: Victoria Kaizhen, Century Brilliant, and President One.

Representative top foreign-related cruise ships: Golden No.1, Yangtze No.2, the president's flagship, the Yangtze Discovery launched in Yichang, domestic ships broke up at Yichang No.9 Wharf, and foreign-related cruise ships broke up with Yichang New Century Wharf. Yichang Pier 9 is 3 kilometers away from Yichang Railway Station and 29 kilometers away from Yichang Three Gorges Airport. Yichang New Century Wharf is 0/6km away from Yichang Railway Station/KLOC-and 38km away from Yichang Three Gorges Airport. There is no direct transportation from Yichang to individual cities, so you need to transfer to Wuhan. Yichang Wharf is 350 kilometers away from Wuhan Railway Station and 340 kilometers away from Wuhan Tianhe Airport.

Sheung Shui Line goes to Chongqing Chaotianmen, Chaotianmen Wharf is 26 kilometers away from Chongqing North Railway Station 1 1 km and Chongqing Jiangbei Airport. Weather: The climate of the Three Gorges is humid and changeable. Please take your coat and rain gear.

The wind is very strong when the ship is driving. Please don't stay on the deck for too long to avoid catching a cold.

Diet: The diet on board is not as good as that on shore, so you can bring your own food. Please tie the unfinished snacks and put them away. Please drink less when you go out so as not to delay your trip.

Accommodation: There are many city hotels with various stars, but the accommodation conditions on board are relatively poor.

Transportation: The river boat is smooth, so don't worry too much about seasickness, but you can bring your own seasickness medicine.

Clothing: It is advisable to wear loose and comfortable clothes when traveling abroad. It is convenient and safe to wear rubber shoes and cloth shoes. Clothes should not be too tight and airtight. Shoes should not wear leather shoes and plastic soled shoes to prevent slipping.

Sightseeing: Some scenic spots need to disembark, including Fengdu Ghost Town, Zhangfei Temple, Shi Baozhai, Little Three Gorges, Baidicheng, Quyuan Temple, Shenlongxi and Three Gorges Dam. Different cruise ships and sightseeing spots are different. Every time you go to a scenic spot, you need to listen to the advice of the ship's radio and tour guide. Remember the dock where the cruise ship stops and the sailing time of the cruise ship. You must return to the cruise ship before sailing. Most of the scenic spots in the Three Gorges are on foot, so please stay close to the tour guides and teams and don't leave the group. It's best to travel alone. Don't look at the scenery when walking, don't walk when looking at the scenery, don't let go of the big scenery, don't miss the small scenery, don't panic when taking pictures, look behind you first; Don't enter the undeveloped scenic spots casually to avoid getting lost.

Shopping: Meals on ordinary cruise ships are difficult to satisfy you, and the price is very expensive, so you need to buy some food (such as snacks, alcohol, mineral water, convenience food, etc.). ) On the boat. There are also commonly used food and daily necessities on board, but there are fewer kinds and the price is relatively expensive. There are often merchants selling goods by the wharf. Please buy what you need with small change to avoid unnecessary trouble.

Safety: when smoking, please remember that "a cigarette can destroy a building", please put out cigarette butts and don't throw them around; When you get off the boat and visit the scenic spots, please be sure to close the doors and windows before leaving; Please take your valuables with you. There were many people when we got off the boat. Please take care of your belongings so as not to lose them.

Please bring a band-aid, cold medicine, gastrointestinal medicine, etc. In case of travel.

If you take children with you, please take good care of them. Children should not go to the side of the boat and play on the deck alone, and should not chase and fight on the boat.

Disposable articles are not provided on board. Please bring your own slippers and toiletries. There are many mosquitoes in summer, so it is best to bring wind oil or toilet water to prevent mosquito bites.