Comparison of Hakka culture between China and foreign countries

There are many differences between the Hakkas in China and overseas, especially in the natural environment, economic life and social and cultural life. First, from the natural environment, most of the Hakkas in China live in contiguous mountainous rural areas, especially in the border areas of Fujian, Guangdong and Jiangxi, and a few live in islands and cities. Most overseas Hakkas live in islands and cities, and a few live in mountainous and rural areas.

Overseas Hakkas live in concentrated places: Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, Thailand, Vietnam, Laos, Myanmar and Brunei in Southeast Asia, and the United States, Canada, Panama, Cuba, Haiti, Jamaica, Trinidad and Tobago, Guyana, Suriname, Brazil, Peru, South Africa, Mauritius, Reunion, the Netherlands, Britain, France and Indonesia in Europe. In terms of climate, most Hakkas in China live in the subtropical monsoon climate zone, with four distinct seasons: spring, summer, autumn and winter. However, most of the overseas Hakkas live in the tropical marine climate zone, and there is no obvious seasonal change. Thirdly, in terms of social and cultural life, the Hakkas in China are a branch of the Han nationality and live in a country with no racial discrimination and a majority population. Overseas Hakkas belong to a branch of overseas Chinese. Overseas Chinese belong to ethnic minorities in most countries except Singapore and Malaysia. Compared with China, overseas Hakkas live in relatively different social environments in terms of ethnic composition, social system, religious belief, language and folk customs. Most of the countries where overseas Hakkas live have the characteristics of multi-ethnicity and multi-culture. The United States, Canada and most American countries are immigrant countries, and countries in Oceania and Southeast Asia also have multi-ethnic characteristics. For example, as we know, Malaysia is an immigrant country dominated by Indonesians, China people and Indians, while the United States is a country dominated by European immigrants, including immigrants from Asia, Africa and many countries. Trinidad and Tobago, an island country in the West Indies, is also an immigrant country composed of Indians, blacks and China. He Cai, a Hakka in Baoan, served as governor in the 1970s. Guyana in South America cooperates with the Republic of China, with a total population of about 765,438+00,000, including Chinese, white, Indian and non-Indian mixed-race families. There are about 5,000 Chinese, most of whom are from Huizhou and Meizhou. The country declared its independence from British rule in May 1966, and Hakka Zhang Arthur was elected as the first president. From 65438 to 0999, Hakkas Wu Dang was elected as Governor-General and Commander-in-Chief of the Three Armies of Canada. Many outstanding figures have emerged in the political, economic and cultural fields of overseas Hakkas, and their political and social status is on the rise in the world.