Detailed explanation of what zirconium is.

Element Name: Zirconium Element Atomic Weight: 9 1.22 Element Type: Metal

Discovered by Clara Prodi on 1789.

Discovery process: 1789, Prodi, Germany. When analyzing Ceylon zirconium, zirconium soil was discovered.

English name of element: relative atomic mass of zirconium: 9 1.22

Number of protons in the nucleus: 40 Number of electrons outside the nucleus: 40 Number of nuclear power nuclei: 40

Proton mass: 6.692E-26 proton relative mass: 40.28.

Period: number of 5 families: IVB molar mass: 9 1

Hydride: ZrH4 oxide: ZrO2.

The highest valence oxide chemical formula: ZrO2 density: 6.49.

Melting point: 1852.0 boiling point: 4377.0

Peripheral electron configuration: 4d2 5s2 Extranuclear electron configuration: 2,8, 18,10,2.

Color and state: steel gray metal atomic radius: 2. 16

Common valence: +2, +3, +4.

One of the high melting point metals; It's light gray. The density is 6.49 g/cm3. Melting point1852 2℃, boiling point 4377℃. Valence +2, +3 and +4. The first ionization energy is 6.84 electron volts. The surface of zirconium is easy to form a shiny oxide film, so its appearance is similar to that of steel. Corrosion resistance, insoluble in hydrofluoric acid and aqua regia; At high temperature, it can react with nonmetallic elements and many metallic elements to form solid solution compounds.

Element source: Zirconium tetroxide can be prepared by magnesium reduction.

Element use: Iron powder mixed with zirconium nitrate can be used as flash powder. Almost all zirconium metal is used as the cladding of uranium fuel elements in nuclear reactors. It is also used to make flash lamps for photography, as well as corrosion-resistant containers and pipes, especially hydrochloric acid and sulfuric acid. Zirconium chemicals can be used as crosslinking agents for polymers.

Element auxiliary data: Zirconium-containing natural silicate ore is called zircon or hyacinthus orientalis, which is widely distributed in nature. Because of their beautiful colors, they have been called gems since ancient times. Chemists have analyzed zircon for a long time and think it is an oxide containing silicon, aluminum, calcium and iron. 1789, the German chemist klaproth published a report on zircon from Sri Lanka, in which he mentioned that he had discovered an unknown unique and simple material oxide and proposed to name it Zirconium Oxide (Zirconium-Zirconia). Soon, French chemists De Mauve and Vauclin confirmed that klaproth's analysis was correct. The existence of zircon is affirmed, and the element is named Zr, and the symbol of the element is Zr.

Klapp Lott's preliminary research on zirconium silicate experiment is still the basis of industrial extraction of zirconium. However, it was not until 19 14 that two researchers, Lieri and Hanbaoge of a metal incandescent lamp factory in the Netherlands, reacted zirconium tetrachloride with metal sodium to obtain pure zirconium.

Zirconium is usually considered as a rare metal. In fact, its content in the earth's crust is quite large, which is larger than that of common metals such as zinc, copper and tin.