The Meaning of the Good Name of Taiwan Province Province

Place names in Taiwan Province Province

The geographical names in Taiwan Province Province are influenced by three factors, one is the complex terrain and changeable landforms, the other is the numerous ethnic groups between the immigrant population and the aborigines, and the third is the frequent regime change, and the western, Japanese and Chinese regimes change each other. Under the interaction of three factors, the place names in Taiwan Province Province are rich and varied, which is rare in the world.

The topographical features of Taiwan Province Province are high mountains and deep valleys, volcanic belts running through, criss-crossing faults, abundant rainfall in summer, typhoon attack, river erosion caused by pit and depression, and occasional heavy rain and landslides, which brought complex and changeable alluvial fans and river terrace plains, a series of subsidence basins and graben longitudinal valleys, which triggered the keen reaction and perception of ancestors such as Fujian and Guangdong, and cited natural landscapes as rich and diverse place names.

Among the aborigines living in Taiwan Province Province, there are many ethnic groups, such as Pingpu people and alpine aborigines. Among the Han immigrants, there are Fulao people in southern Fujian, Hakkas in Dongshanling and Hakkas in western Fujian. Among the aborigines and immigrant Han people, many ethnic groups crisscross to form new settlements, and they all name the settlements with their own cultures and languages, which makes the place names in Taiwan Province Province merge and transform today.

Another function of place names is to provide positioning function in daily life, and they are also established proper nouns. They can only be recognized by most people through social practice, and they have to go through a certain process of dissemination and screening. With the help of social organizations such as administrative agencies, this process can be accelerated. The administrative region of Taiwan Province Province, from the early Haikou stronghold to the occupation of Holland and Spain, to the reclamation in Ming and Zheng Dynasties, the Qing court set up a government province and the Japanese colonized it. After the retrocession, the national government and the Democratic Progressive Party government operated, dividing administrative regions repeatedly, obliterating many old place names and creating countless new place names, which caused various changes in time and space of place names.

To understand the geography, history, people's feelings and customs of Taiwan Province Province, we must explore the origin and meaning of the old place names in Taiwan Province Province, so as to get twice the result with half the effort. The old place names in Taiwan Province Province can be roughly divided into the following categories, which are described as follows:

1. Place names of Pingpu and mountain languages:

Taiwan Province Province was influenced by Chinese mainland culture five thousand years ago. The remains of black pottery culture and painted pottery culture in ancient North China provinces have been found all over Taiwan Province Province, which can prove it. Later, Pingpu people and mountain compatriots moved in from the south and distributed all over Taiwan Province Province, so the names of Pingpu people and mountain languages can be seen everywhere on the island. For example, Kaohsiung used to be called beating dogs, Chiayi used to be called beating cats, Tun (Tong) Xiao in Miaoli, Xiulang in Taipei County, Mengga, Dalongdong and Beitou in Taipei City, etc. They are all Pingpu names, as well as Wulai in Taipei County, Puli in Nantou County and so on. It is the name used by Atayal people in mountainous areas before, and it has been used ever since.

Second, the place names transplanted from ancestral home:

When immigrants open up a new place, in order to miss the mountains, rivers, vegetation and customs of their hometown, they often transplant the place names of their ancestral homes to the newly opened land. For example, Anping in Tainan City, Chaozhou in Pingtung County, Qishan in Kaohsiung County, Danshui in Taipei County, Yuanshan and Shan Zhi in Taipei City are all outstanding examples. These place names were transplanted from Fujian and Guangdong provinces, the ancestral homes of immigrants.

Three. Place names related to Dutch and Spanish:

In the Ming Dynasty, the Dutch stole Taiwan Province Province, and all the cultivated land belonged to the Dutch East India Company, called Wang Tian, and private ownership was not allowed. Mainland immigrants and Pingpu people are tenants of Wang Tian, and today Taichung County still retains the place name Wang Tian. At that time, mainland immigrants called the Dutch "red hair." Today, both Kaohsiung County and Hsinchu County retain the place name of Hongmao Port. Any place with such a name is a place where Dutch ships have docked. Fuguijiao in Taipei County is a Dutch place name, and Sanmin Test in Taipei County is also a Spanish place name.

4. Place names related to Zheng's rule:

After the Dutch were expelled and settled in Taiwan Province Province, during the twenty-two years of Zheng III, he took Taiwan Province Province as the base to fight against the Qing Dynasty and regain his sight. After Zheng ruled Taiwan Province, he immediately adopted the military reclamation system and established more than 40 reclamation areas in the south of Taiwan Province Province. This wasteland is also called Yingpantian. Today, Tainan County still retains the names of Liu Ying, Xia Ying, Ying Zhong and Lin Fengying, and Kaohsiung City also has the names of Zuo Ying and Jiaoxiu because Yingpantian was established at that time. Zheng took it from the Dutch and changed it to Guantian. Now Guantian in Tainan County is.

V toponyms related to topography:

When immigrants first arrive in Taiwan Province Province, the first thing they see is, of course, the topography of their residence. After he settled down, the terrain had a great influence on his daily life. So in all parts of Taiwan Province Province, place names seem to occupy an absolute majority.

Kunhua in Tainan City, Budai in Chiayi County, Gardens in Changhua County, Hu Da in Miaoli County, Nangang, Ding Qian, Zhonglun, Neihu Lake, Zhuzi Lake and Linping in Taibei County are all notable examples.

According to Kunhua's reputation as a sandbar on the sea, the cloth bag describes the bend of the river, just like a cloth bag. Circular forest refers to circular forest, which shows the local topographical features.

The Great Lakes, Inner Lakes and Zhuzi Lakes refer not to lakes, swamps and ponds, but to small basins in mountainous areas. According to Minnan dialect, small mountain basins are called lakes, lakes and marshes are called ponds, and ponds are called ponds. Therefore, in Taiwan Province Province, the word lake has no meaning of lake swamp.

Nangang and Beigang refer to the north and south banks of the river, and do not necessarily mean ports. According to Minnan dialect, the word port only refers to rivers, and whether there are port facilities on the shore is not necessary or indispensable.

Pingding and Linping are common words of Pingding and Linping, and Pingping is Pingding. The embedded top is the top of the mountain, and Zhonglun is the mountainside. According to Minnan dialect, inlay and LUN all refer to hills.

In addition, the eastern potential of Taichung County, the southern potential and the northern potential of Miaoli County also belong to geographical names related to topography. East is East, and South and North are South and North. In Minnan dialect, the word potential is used to indicate the direction. Just get used to it.

VI. Names related to resettlement:

South Taiwan Province Province started its business very early. As for the central and northern regions, it was at the turn of Yongzheng and Qianlong in the early Qing Dynasty that large-scale development began. Therefore, there are many place names related to the development in the early Qing Dynasty in the north-central area of Taiwan Province Province.

Toujiacuo in Taichung County, Tianliao in Miaoli County, Fangliao in Taipei County, Gu Wu, Jiufen, Tucheng and Zhu Wei, as well as native cattle in Hsinchu County, Sanzhang, Liu Zhang, Shierjia, Shipai, Gu Ting, Gongguan, Muka, Wu Jie and Yilan County in Taipei City.

Toujiacuo is the residence of the landlord, and Tianliao is the hut of the tenant. Aromatic material is a wooden hut, which is often built in the area where camphor is collected.

Five were cultivated by five people and nine were cultivated by nine people. Tucheng and Tuniu are both earthen castles, while Zhu Wei is a castle surrounded by bamboo fences. These are the original "anti-fan" facilities.

Three plows are enough for farming, and six plows need six plows.

Shierjia is a newly opened Shierjia farm. Another way of saying it is: Taiwan Province Province rural algorithm, one nail in ten, farmers cultivate five nails of land and allocate one plow. Most places with "A" as their place names do not exceed 15, and those with 15 are named after "Zhang Li". Those named after "A" are concentrated in the south of Taiwan Province Province, such as Yijia, Dimethyl, Dimethyl, Wujiajiao, Liu Jia and Qijia.

The names of "knot" include one knot, the first knot, the middle knot, the second knot, the middle knot, the top knot, the lower knot, the fourth knot, the top knot, the fifth knot, the lower knot, the sixth knot, the golden knot, the seventh knot, the sixteenth knot, the nineteenth knot and the thirty-ninth knot. Place names named after "Street" were concentrated in yilan county, mainly at that time.

The cultivated land area in Taiwan Province Province, with A as the calculation unit, has been in use since the Dutch and Spanish occupation.

Seven, defensive pass nine pass name:

Besides overcoming the obstacles and restrictions of natural conditions, such as climate and topography, the residents who farm in Taiwan Province Province should guard against the attacks of mountain aborigines, expand the area of cultivated land, and effectively resist the attacks of ancestors.

Generally, defense sites are pushed outward along the reclamation line, and these defense facilities are directly named after the settings or facilities at that time, such as Yingpan, Pass, Koukou, Tucheng, Tu Niu, Honglian, Muka, Chaicheng, Shicheng and Paigui, because the population gathered into villages.

"Yingpan" originated from Yingpan farmland system in Ming and Zheng Dynasties. Yingpan is named after Yingpan mouth, Yingpan edge, Yingpan front, Yingpan back, Yingpan pit, Yingpan foot, Yingpan circle and Yingpan son. The place where Zheng Guards are stationed should be self-sufficient and cultivated and guarded, which is called "Yingpantian". That is the land where the garrison cultivates its own rations, and the reclamation scope is near the military camp. After the defenders who moved in for a long time or were disarmed by the Qing Dynasty settled down, settlements were formed.

The purpose of "passing" is to prevent students from interfering. Students should guard the pass when entering and leaving and protect the reclamation facilities. There are squatters stationed at dangerous entrances and exits, which are called pass squatters. Every pass must have a first pass and several passes, including the pass named "Pass", Pass, Pass Top, Pass Foot, Pass Boundary, Pass Ding, Pass Dingling, Pass Nanguan, Pass Tail, Pass Head and Pass Old. Gullies are usually built on the dividing line between people, and each gully can echo each other within a certain distance. Gully is a defensive building that people spontaneously design for self-defense. Gullies are collected by pastoral areas in gullies to maintain jack-up gullies. It was not until the Qing Dynasty that the official ditch and the ditch jointly organized by the government and the people began to exist, and the ditch was named after it when the settlement was formed later.

"Blocking" is the earth wall, the earth wall is called plate, and the five plates are called blocks. Most of them are located in Keelung Valley and Yanglan Plain, with Toukuai, Liangkuai, Sankuai (all in Shanxiang this winter), Sikuai (Linping Township), Wukuai, Liukuai, Qikuai and Bakuai (Sanxing Township), which are the key points for the occurrence of the epidemic.

Place names such as Shipai, Drum Tower, Mansion and Muka in Taipei are also closely related to "anti-fan". Shipai is a boundary marker between Han and Fan, which was established by the government. Drum Tower, residential buildings, Mu Cha and other places used to have "fan-proof" facilities with these names, and later they were changed to the place names.

Eight, and the Chinese "fan" mixed place names:

Most of the earliest immigrants who crossed the sea from Fujian and Guangdong came to Taiwan to live with them in Pingpu settlements, and rarely set up new villages to live alone. Generally, the old Pingpu settlement usually occupies the best geographical position, so immigrants should settle near the old settlement before making plans. Fanzaicuo in Beitou District of Taipei City, Shehou in Taipei County, Dadu in Taichung County, Shekou in Changhua County, Fanpo in Chiayi County, etc. They are all mixed villages.

9. Names related to immigrant villages:

Villages developed by immigrants in the early Qing Dynasty are often labeled with adjectives such as new and big to show good luck. As for villages with the same surname, residents' surnames are used as place names to show blood relationship. Xinzhuang and Xindian in Taipei County, Wu Xin in Taoyuan County and Dazhuang in Hsinchu County are examples of the former. Zhu CuO Lun in Taipei, Wu Song in Taoyuan County and Luo CuO in Changhua County are all examples of the latter. Immigrants in southern Fujian call houses "CuO", while Hakka immigrants in eastern Guangdong call houses "houses", with different names.

X. Place names related to buildings:

There are many place names related to architecture in the city. Fengshen Temple in Tainan, Guanting Pavilion, Xinlou, Nanchang, Dacuokou and Tugongkou in Mongga, Taipei, Zhongli, Neri and Yangmeige in Taoyuan County, etc. "Death" is the common name of the post office.

XI。 Place names related to production:

In the past, residents in rural areas and fishing villages in Taiwan Province Province liked to use place names related to production. The main examples are Yancheng in Kaohsiung City, Ganzi Garden in Taipei County, Ma Yuan in Chiayi County, Yuchi, Zhushan, Lugu and Dadaocheng in Nantou County.

XII. Names related to important historical events:

Place names related to important historical events can be divided into two types.

One is that it happens naturally among people:

Lin Benpu in Nantou County, Tseung Kwan O in Tainan County and Tseung Kwan O in Penghu County. Lin is the place where Lin was created, and now it is changed to Zhushan. Both Tseung Kwan Harbor and Tseung Kwan O are related to the Qing Dynasty Jinghai Hou Shi Lang, hence the names.

The second is specially named by the imperial court and the government:

Changhua in Changhua County and Chiayi in Chiayi County. Changhua, formerly known as banxian, was originally a settlement of Pingpu people. In the early Qing Dynasty, the Enlightenment prevailed, so it was officially named Changhua. Chiayi, formerly known as Zhuluoshan, was originally the place where Pingpu people lived. When Lin launched a disorderly party in the 51st year of Qing Qianlong, Qi Xin, a local resident, worked together to defeat the disorderly party, so the Qing court praised his loyalty and renamed Zhuluoshan Chiayi. Changhua and Chiayi are rare examples in Taiwan Province Province.

Thirteen, another name for fame or official position.

For example, Baochangkeng, Baochangcuo, Xiangchangcuo, Tongzhipu, Qiye, Baye, Grandparents, Xiucaiwo, Fanjinshi Street, Tongzhi Street and Taibao.

14. Place names related to stories and legends:

Throughout Taiwan Province Province, there are many place names related to stories and legends, most of which are related to the legend of Ye surname in that country. The names of Zhugeshi in Zhongshan District of Taipei, Zhugeshi in Beitou, Shishi in Taipei County and Rouyuan Mountain are all contained in the legend of heroes, which is the name of Ye. Tainan city is the name of Hong Kong, and it is said that it is also the historic site of Ye. In addition, there are many place names related to fairy tales, such as Fairy Cave in Keelung City and Fairy Rock in Jingmei, Taipei City.

15. Place names related to wishes:

Such as: Taiping Mountain, Taiping Ridge, Taiping Street, Yongle Street, etc.

Sixteen, names related to Japan:

Songshan and Wanhua in Taipei, Kaohsiung and Shoushan in Kaohsiung, Fengyuan, Qingshui and Wufeng in Taichung County. Flower beds in Changhua County, Tanaka, Minxiong in Chiayi, and most small place names in eastern counties abound. [ 1]

XVII. Names related to paddy field cultivation and irrigation:

In the fifty-eighth year of Emperor Kangxi of Qing Dynasty (17 19), Shi Shibang built a diversion tunnel in Ershui area of Changhua, which diverted the turbid water stream to irrigate the land of Lugang. It was called Shicuo Tunnel or Babao Tunnel in history, and it was the largest water conservancy project in Taiwan Province Province in Qing Dynasty. In the fifth year of Rizhaohe (1930), the construction of irrigation Jian 'an Plain in Annan Shenzhen was officially opened.

Ai is a facility for building dams and storing water in ponds to irrigate fields. During the Dutch period, artificial ponds began to be built. For example, there is a place name of "Hongmao Pass" in Chiayi City. As for the settlements formed near Ai, Zhen and Tang, there are Ai Shuo, Ai Zitou and Ai Zitou.

"Shenzhen" is an artificial irrigation canal that irrigates farmland by dredging streams and springs. People who take Shenzhen as their place name are mostly located at the head of Shenzhen or in places where buildings have been built to protect Shenzhen's water, such as Shenzhen Liao, Shenzhen Tou, Shenzhen and Santiao Town.

There are also settlements named after water, including Shuizhentou, Shuiwei, Bar Water and Waishui Wai. There is also a sluice in Shenzhen, which divides the water into tributaries. The upstream of Shenzhen Tou is called Tou, and from upstream to downstream, the prefix Tou is added in turn where there is a water gate, such as Sihou.

note:

Changhua was formerly known as "Xushan" in Volume II of Chiang Kai-shek's Official Records of Taiwan Province in the 24th year of Kangxi (1685), followed by "Douliumen Mountain", and noted that "Douliumen Mountain is numerous, and Beishan Mountain is in the boundary", and Volume III "Xuhe River" was in the "Daduxi" section. Literally, it seems that the voice of the aborigines was not directly translated, but was named by the Han people who migrated to the land. Line means "route". Because the chicken coop (Keelung) in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties had the footprints of Han people, Fucheng (now Tainan City), the political and economic center of Taiwan Province Province, regarded it as the half line just in the middle, so this is the meaning of the half line.