A brief introduction to Tagore's life

Tagore was born in Calcutta, West Bengal, India on May 7th. As the youngest son of his parents, Robin Delanat was affectionately called "Rabbi" by his family and became the favorite child of every family member, but no one spoiled him. The little rabbi went to four schools in Calcutta. Although he doesn't like any of them, he received a good education under the supervision of his eldest brother and sister. Tagore's achievements in literature first came from the influence of family environment. He attended Oriental College, Teachers College and Bangladesh College. But he was born free, hated the rigid school life, and didn't complete the formal school study courses. He was fascinated by poetry creation since he was a child, and began to write poetry at the age of 13, full of feelings of opposing colonialism and loving the motherland. /kloc-after 0/3 years old, Tagore published long poems such as Wild Flowers and Poet's Tales.

2. 1878, he went to England to study in accordance with the wishes of his father and brother. At first he studied law, but he didn't like it, so he transferred to London University to study English literature and western music. 1880 returned to China, specializing in literary creation.

3. A collection of lyric poems was published from1881-1885, including twilight songs, morning songs, paintings and songs, as well as plays and novels. Drama and novels are mainly epics and past books, and poetry is full of romanticism.

4. 1884, he left the city to manage the ancestral tenants in the country. He is familiar with the life of the lower class people here and observes the homeland and nature of the motherland. 190 1 year, in order to realize his educational ideal, he founded a school in Sanniktan near Popur, Bangladesh, and later developed into a famous international university.

5. 1886, the publication of the poetry collection "Rigid and Soft" marked that he entered a period of facing life and real life directly on his creative road. Yearning in the Heart is his first mature work, and his unique style has begun to take shape. During this period, he also wrote the plays "King and Queen" and "Sacrifice", opposing the restoration of the privileges and backward customs of Brahman priests.

6. After1905, the Indian national movement reached a climax, and the people of Bangladesh and all India rose up against the decision to split Bangladesh, forming a vigorous anti-imperialist patriotic movement. Tagore resolutely devoted himself to this movement, and enthusiastic patriots were indignant and wrote a lot of patriotic poems. However, it didn't take long for Tagore to disagree with other leaders of the movement. He disapproved of the so-called "direct action" of the masses to burn British goods and insult the British. He advocated doing more "constructive" work, such as going to the countryside to develop their own industries and eliminating poverty and ignorance. But some people didn't accept his suggestion because of disappointment, he quit the movement. From then on, for a long time, he lived a secluded life away from the real struggle and immersed himself in literary creation.

7. The 1990s of19 were the heyday of Tagore's creation. Starting from 189 1, satana, edited by him, published more than 60 short stories, including Moya Moya, which mainly opposed feudal oppression and exposed unreasonable phenomena in real life. Published five lyric poems, one short philosophical poem 1 and one story poem 1. The narrative poem "Two Mu of Land" in Colorful Collection is the highest embodiment of the author's democratic thought. Starting with Examples, he began to write poems in Bengali dialect. Most of the poems in his second English-translated collection of poems, The Gardener Collection, are selected from the works of this period.

8. At the beginning of the 20th century, Tagore suffered personal misfortune, and the grief and sadness of losing his wife, daughter and father were recorded in the poetry collections Memories, Children and Ferry. He also wrote two novels, Little Sand and Shipwreck.

9. In1910, the novel Gora was published, which reflected the complicated phenomenon in Indian social life and created a soldier image who fought for national freedom and liberation. Praise the patriotic enthusiasm of new Hindus and their confidence in the freedom of the motherland, but also criticize their thoughts of maintaining the old tradition; The dogmatism and worship of foreign things and flattery of some people in Vatican society have also been whipped. During this period, he also created symbolic dramas "The King" and "Post Office" and satirical drama "Stubborn Fortress". In the same year, the Bengali poetry collection "Chittaglia" was published. Later, while living in London, Tagore translated some poems from "Chittaglia", "Ferry" and "Dedication" into English, and published the English version of "Chittaglia" in 19 13. Tagore became the first Asian writer to win the Nobel Prize in Literature.

10 years, 19 15 years, he met Gandhi. He kept in touch with the Indian National Congress for a long time and attended its congress. However, his relationship with the Congress Party is always at arm's length. He has a sincere personal friendship with Gandhi. However, he did not agree with some of Gandhi's practices. These two extraordinary figures did not try to cover up their differences of opinion. At the same time, they always respect and support each other morally and socially.

1 1, 19 16, Tagore came to Japan, and he had many feelings about this dynamic new country. Later, he went to the United States from Japan and made many reports on "nationalism". He condemned "nationalism" in the East and the West. 1929, he traveled to Canada, went to the United States, and was detained by American immigration officials for questioning.

12 years, 19 19 years, the "Amritsar massacre" took place, and the British army shot and killed 1000 Indian civilians. Tagore stood up in anger and wrote a righteous letter to the governor of India, protesting and giving up the title of "knight" given to him by the British king.

13. In the 1920s, Tagore continued to write, publishing the plays Mokedota, Nerium oleander, The Debate of Novels, The Last Poem and some poems.

In 14 and 1924, he visited China. Since he was a child, he yearned for this ancient and rich eastern country and sympathized with the people of China. He wrote an article denouncing the opium trade of British colonists, and this visit finally realized his wish for many years.

15, May of the same year 18, 64th birthday. Hu Shi, Liang Qichao and others held an unprecedented birthday party for him in Peking Union Medical College Auditorium. Liang Qichao gave Tagore a Chinese name-Zhu Zhendan on his birthday.

16 and 1930, Tagore visited the young socialist country, the Soviet Union, where he saw a magical world, which made him extremely excited and excited, and wrote a book, Russian Letters, praising the Soviet Union.

17 and 1934, Italian fascist troops invaded Abyssinia (Ethiopia), and Tagore immediately severely condemned it. 1936, Spanish rebellion broke out against * * * and the government of China. He stood on the side of * * and the government of China, and explicitly opposed the perversion of the fascist leader Franco. 1938, German fascists invaded Czechoslovakia. He wrote to his friends there to express his concern and solidarity with the people of Czechoslovakia.

18, 1939, German fascists flagrantly launched a world war. At the invitation of European friends, they wrote articles denouncing the unjust behavior of German "leaders". Tagore always hated fascism. However, he expressed infinite sympathy for the oppressed vulnerable groups. Especially for China, he always has a good impression and hope.

19, 194 1 On August 6th, Tagore died peacefully in Kolkata, and thousands of citizens paid tribute to him.