Xia Houdun, a 24-star in the Three Kingdoms, followed Cao Cao all his life.

Xia Houdun is Xia's elder brother, second only to the servant of the Western Han Dynasty. Brave and good at fighting, Cao Cao followed him as a general when he sent troops to crusade against the Yellow Scarf Army.

In the first year of Chuping (190), after the formation of Dong Zhuo's allied forces, Cao Cao exercised the courage of a general, and even took Xia Houdun as Sima, and followed Cao Cao to Yangzhou to recruit soldiers. After Cao Cao established political power, he sent Xia Houdun to station in Baima, and soon he was promoted to captain to lead the eastern region.

Lose your eyes and fail

In the fourth year of Chuping (193), Cao Cao recruited Tao Qian and stayed in Xia Houdun to keep Puyang.

But Zhang Miao and Chen Gong rebelled against Lu Bu, and Cao Cao's family were all in Juancheng. Xia Houdun led the army to come to the rescue, and happened to meet Lu Bu's army, and the two armies were at war. Lyu3 bu4 army returned, so Lyu3 bu4 took the opportunity to enter Puyang and plundered the military supplies of Xia Houdun army.

Lyu3 bu4 also sent generals to pretend to surrender, and took the opportunity to hijack Xia Houdun with Xia Houdun's men and ask him for precious materials. The soldiers in Xia Houdun were very shocked and scared. He said that the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Han Hao, ordered all ministries to stay outside the city, so that all ministries would stay put and settle their morale. He also claimed that according to national laws, the safety of hostages would not be considered, and he made a gesture of sending troops to crack down on hostage-takers. The hostage taker was afraid, so he gave up the hostage and surrendered. When Cao Cao heard about this incident, he made a law that he could attack the hostage-takers without worrying about the hostages, so there was no more hostage-taking incident.

Xia Houdun, Yu Xun and Cheng Yu tried to protect the three cities, but when they counterattacked Lyu3 bu4, they were shot in the left eye by the flow vector and lost, and they were called "blind Xiahou" from now on. Later, he accepted Liu Chen, Yin Ji Prefecture, Ren Jianwu and Feng Gaoan.

At that time, when there was a drought and locust plague, Xia Houdun cut off the Taishou water, formed a pond, personally carried the soil, and led the troops to plow the fields, thus avoiding the danger of lack of food and benefiting the whole people.

Appointment reward

In the first year of Jian 'an (196), Cao Cao welcomed Emperor Xian of Han Dynasty to Xu County and was transferred to Henan Yin.

In the third year of Jian 'an (198), he was ordered to send troops to help Liu Bei who was attacked by General Gao Shun of Lu Bu, and the result was a great defeat.

In the seventh year of Jian 'an (202), Liu Biao sent Liu Bei to attack the north and arrived in Yexian County. Xia Houdun was ordered to resist, and the two sides met at Bowangpo, but Liu Bei retreated. Xia Houdun didn't listen to Li Dian's advice, and pursued Liu Bei with Yujin, leaving Li Dian behind. Finally, Xia Houdun was defeated by Liu Bei's ambush. Fortunately, Li Dian came to the rescue and Liu Beicai retreated.

In the ninth year of Jian 'an (2004), after Yecheng was broken, he was appointed as General Fu Bo and authorized to do it, which was not restricted by the system at all. Being friends with Tian Chou, he helped Cao Cao persuade Tian Chou to take refuge again, but without success.

In the 11th year of Jian 'an (2006), Wei Gu rebelled in Hedong and joined forces with Zhang Sheng, Ayla Zhang and Gao Qian. Cao Cao sent a crusade, Zhang sent Marten and other generals to Guanzhong, all under the control of Zhong You, and Zhong You sent troops to attack others, winning a great victory, beheading them and others, and pardoning the rest of his confidants.

In the 12th year of Jian 'an (2007), due to the contributions before and after, towns 1800 were added, 2,500 more than before.

In the 20th year of Jian 'an (2 15), he took part in the battle against Zhang Lu in Hanzhong.

In the 21st year of Jian 'an (2 16), Cao Cao demanded the return of Sun Quan, ordered him to take command of the 26th Army, join forces with Cao Ren and Zhang Liao to defend Sun Quan, and gave him a musician and geisha who can sing and dance, and ordered: "You can still enjoy Zhong Qing's happiness if you make up with Rong!"

Extra courtesy

In the 24th year of Jian 'an (2 19), Cao Cao went to Mobei and asked Xia Houdun to ride with him. Without any communication, he entered Cao Cao's bedroom at will. After the former general worshipped, the overseers returned to Shouchun and moved to the village to call the mausoleum.

According to "Tibetan Cao" and records, Huan Jie advised Cao Cao to proclaim himself emperor, thinking that Shu should be destroyed first. When Shu was settled, Jiangdong surrendered, and both sides decided to take the road of Shun and Yu, so he became emperor. Cao Cao listened to this opinion.

In the twenty-fifth year of Jian 'an (220), Cao Cao died, Cao Pi acceded to the throne, and Xia Houdun was appointed general in February. But died in April, Cao Pi put on plain clothes and went to the east gate of Yecheng to send out obituaries. He was named a loyal Hou, and Xiahou's family was well treated.

In May of the first year of Qinglong (233), Cao was appointed as Shenri, and Cao was awarded by Cao Sou for his contributions to Cao Jia Temple.

Official titles: Bijiang → Sima → Qian Zhechong, a captain, the prefect of Dongjun → Liu Chen, and General Jia Jianwu → He Nanyin → General, Yin Ruqian, the humble servant → worshiping the former general (Han official) → worshiping the general.

Titles and salaries: seal the Hou of Gao 'an Township → add 1,800 households to the city, and the first 2,500 households → pay homage to the Hou of Loyalty (descendants of Xia Houdun: thousands of households in the city, giving seven sons and two grandchildren all the Hou).

character trait

Xia Houdun is a diligent and professional teacher. Although he is in the army, he will personally welcome the teacher to give lectures. And strong-willed, when someone humiliated his teacher at the age of 14, he killed that person. People are very concerned about their appearance. Every time they look in the mirror and see that they are blind, they are disgusted and push the mirror to the ground, and they don't like being called "blind Xiahou". Although he has a high position, he is thrifty by nature and indifferent all his life. If he has extra money, he will share it with his subordinates.

Xia Houdun is loyal to Cao Cao. At that time, all the generals were awarded the title of Wei. Only Xia Houdun was still awarded the post of former general, so he wrote that he hoped Cao Cao would make him an official of Wei to show his loyalty to Wei. But Cao Cao thinks that he is a Han minister and everyone is a friendly minister. How can you condescend to Wei's official title and appoint him? It can be seen that his great attention and trust in Cao Cao was unparalleled at that time.

Historical evaluation

Chen Shou: "① Although I am in the army, I personally welcome my teacher. If you are honest and frugal, you will have more money to share, but the money is not enough to be an official and not to be a doctor. " "(2) Xiahou and Cao Shi are close to each other, so they take care of each other, such as Yan, Yuan, Ren, Hong, Xiu, Shang and Zhen. And they are dear to the old heart, precious to time and have great achievements. "

Cao Cao: "Jiang Wei's contribution to peace and honor is still the joy of stone." Almost so! "

Cao Pi: "In the past, the ceremony of the late king showed his great honor when he was a hero, but when he was not a hero, he was sacrificed to Zheng Da. So, the hero of the Han family was sacrificed to the temple. Minister Wei Yuangong's meritorious service is outstanding, and those who terminate the Qing Dynasty all rely on worship. "

Duan Mo: "Fu Bo and the first emperor have the power to decide the world."

"Yi, wei, decorative books, bamboo and silk. Yesterday, the court did not worship, but still mourned for it. What's more, I am the Zen of Wei, and I can forget its hero! It is advisable to choose a close family seal. "

Tan Jue: "Xia Houdun Wei Xun left, Jinde first melted, and he was also honored at the beginning. He only rewarded his grandson and sealed a tree in his home."

Luo Guanzhong: "Open the territory of Xia Houdun, and the enemy will be surrounded by guns and halberds. Pull out the arrow to see the dry eye, spit the eye to call the parents. Loyalty saves, and snow hates thieves. The lonely moon explored Babylon alone, and so far, it has done well. "

Yuan Shouding said, "In case of emergency, it is also one of the ways to boost morale by using the strength of people first. Xia Houdun was the prefect of Liu Chen. When the drought broke out, he didn't dare to cut off water for too long, so he was ashamed and led his soldiers to persuade him to grow rice. People rely on interests. "

Wang Xin: "Yuan was a great general at that time, but unfortunately, his biography is unknown. One-fifth grabs quality, which shows that Han Hao, one-fifth grabs quality. A real coward, he doesn't expect the son of a famous star to fall into a rut. Is it impossible to pave the door twice? At a glance, martial arts swept away ugly people, appeased places, and literary works advised farmers and mulberry workers to join the army. Why are there so many talented people in Cao Xiahou? Is there really imperial power between Liang Pei? "

family member

younger brother

Xiahou Lian

Xiahouyuan

son

Xiahou Chong, son and heir of Xiahou Chong.

Xia Houdun's second son, Xia Houmao Mao, married Cao Cao's daughter, qinghe princess, and befriended Cao Pi, who was appointed General Anxi.

After his death, there were seven sons who were named Hou in Shanhaiguan (two of them were Zi Zang, Zi Jiang and Xiahou Zi Zang; Xiahouzijiang).

granddaughter

Xia Houdun, son and heir of Xiahou Chong.

After his death, Xia Houdun and his second grandson were sealed as Guan Neihou.

great-grandson

Xiahou Shao, son and heir of Xiahou Kun.

Folk image

Luo Guanzhong (18) wrote in the Romance of the Three Kingdoms in the Ming Dynasty that Xia Houdun met the general Seibel of Lu Bu in Xuzhou's offensive and defensive war, and Seibel fled, while Xia Houdun chased after him, only to be attacked by another enemy general Cao Xing's archery. Xia Houdun was shot in the left eye and cried out in pain. He quickly pulled out an arrow with his hand, but accidentally pulled out his eyeball. Xia Houdun immediately shouted: "The essence of father, the blood of mother, can't be abandoned!" Put your eyes in your mouth and swallow them; Then he rode a horse with a gun and went forward to kill Cao Xing and get back at him.

Although The Romance of the Three Kingdoms contains many fictional elements, the story of "Xiahou Swallows Eyes" should be pure fiction. However, due to the precision and compactness of this plot, it not only directly depicts Xia Houdun's bravery and fearlessness, but also sets off that "he has flesh and blood, and his parents dare not hurt him, and his filial piety is also at the beginning." Therefore, the traditional concept of Confucianism is deeply loved by storytellers or ordinary readers, and it has become a folklore passed down from mouth to mouth over time, thus strengthening the strong impression of Xia Houdun.

In China's traditional drama, Xia Houdun's role is mainly blue, consisting of three ceramic tile faces, reflecting his rough and brave character, and his left eye has a red stripe, which means that his left eye is injured.