Do you know that Matouya Township, Feixian County, Linyi City, Shandong Province has been transferred to Dingshan Village?

Population Status: Feixian County. Located in Shandong Province, 40 kilometers south, Mengshanyang and Wenhe River are adjacent to Linyi residents. Latitude 35 01"35 33, east longitude117o36"18o18 ". ? 1927 km2, with a population density of 476 people/km2. Hui, Manchu, Zhuang, North Korea and other ethnic minorities. Administer 12 towns, 1 13 townships, 1052 village (neighborhood) committees and 1693 natural villages. ,

Feixian population has two stages: natural birth and family planning. In the old society, there were many natural disasters and the population growth was slow. According to historical records, 166 1 year (Qing Shunzhi 18 years), the population of Feixian County is only 2673 1 person. At that time, the Qing court took three measures to appease the people. Exempt citizens from the right to owe money and food, and provide relief to victims; Guanzhuang Formation (there were 48 Guanzhuang in Feixian County during the Shunzhi period) was called returning population outflow and emigrating fields to reclaim wasteland; Third, giving birth is rewarded. After Kangxi was born for 50 years (17 1 1 year), it will never be tax-free. Therefore, from 18 to 50 years old (A.D. 165 1 711), Feixian county with a population over 60 developed rapidly, from 2673 1.

Since the establishment of people's livelihood and stability, the population has increased steadily, from 40.2 million in 1949 to 77.8 million in 1985, an increase of 0.93 times in 36 years. Previously, the population developed rapidly and ran away from home from 1958. As a result, the fertility rate decreased and the population outflow increased. 1962 after the population was once reduced, the population began to rise after 197 1 year, which was basically family planning, effectively controlling the population growth.

In 2004, the population of Feixian County was 93 million.

Environmental conditions:

/& gt； (1) Climate resources:

Feixian county has a warm temperate and semi-humid continental monsoon climate with four distinct seasons and abundant sunshine. When high pressure invades Mongolia in winter, the influence of low heat in the mainland is obvious in summer. Generally, it is dry and windy in spring, hot and rainy in summer, cool and dry in autumn, and cold and rainy and snowy in winter. It is characterized by uneven spring drought, summer waterlogging and autumn drought, and long frost-free period.

temperature

The average annual temperature in Feixian County is generally13.1~13.9℃, which is slightly higher than that in the north, east, northeast and south of the plain. The annual average temperature in western mountainous areas is 13.6℃, and the highest year is 14.2℃( 1978). The annual average change rate is 0.4℃, and the annual maximum temperature is generally in the flood season of July and August. The monthly average temperature is about 30.6℃. In 2002, it was 20 10, and the temperature was 42.5℃, which is the extreme value since the founding of the People's Republic of China. The annual minimum temperature often appears at 1, and the monthly average temperature is about-. 165438+1From October 29th to February 28th, the cold period lasts for 9 1 day. Generally, the cold period of the first day is the period when the river freezes. February 5, 20 1 1 year, lasting about 43 days. The high temperature period began on July 4, 2005 and ended on July 28.

wind

Feixian county is located in latitude and is affected by monsoon. East wind and southeast wind prevail in spring and summer, and north wind and northwest wind prevail in autumn and winter. The annual average wind speed is 2.7m/s, and the wind speed is 3.5m/s in April and June every year, with a minimum of 2.1m/s; The maximum wind direction in the whole year is easterly wind and southeast wind, with the frequency of10%; Spring breeze and autumn wind all year round, with northwest wind in the lowest half year in winter and southeast wind in summer.

sunlight

In the frost-free period of evaporation, the annual average sunshine hours in Feixian County are 2532. 1 hour, 2825.2 hours in most years (1966), and 2294.7 hours in the smallest year (196 1 year), and the annual average water surface evaporation is 857.9 mm. The monthly average of evaporation in May and June is 2865438±0.0mm and 280.3mm respectively, while 1 February and1month have the lowest monthly average of 53.765438±0mm and 54.0mm respectively.

& gt Frost usually occurs when the ground temperature is lower than? The℃ season is 65438+1October 26th in Fairfax county, and the average first frost period ends in April 1 1. The guarantee rate is 80%, the first frost date is 65438+1October 3 1, and the last frost date is 17. According to the observation and statistics of the county meteorological observatory, the average frost-free period of the whole year is 197 days, the longest is 2 13 days (1969), and the lowest is 178 days (1962), and the 80% guarantee rate even exceeds/kloc.

rain

The data measured by a single rainfall station in Fairfax County is the longest rainfall station in Jiangzhuang Lake. 1932 ~ l987, the average annual precipitation is 8 19.3mm, and the observation statistics of Baxian Station 1959 ~ 1983 (agricultural division) is 850. The rainfall characteristics of hydrological rainfall stations are different.

The distribution of annual rainfall is very uniform. Over the years, it is mostly concentrated in the flood season from June to September, accounting for about 75% of the annual rainfall, and mostly concentrated in the main flood season from late June to early August. The rainfall from March to May accounts for 13.5% of the total rainfall, and the winter rainfall of 65438+February-February accounts for 4. 1% of the whole year.

Uneven rainfall, poor wet and dry. According to the analysis of rainfall data of representative stations, the death ratio coefficient of maximum annual rainfall is 1.45 ~ 1.76, usually 1.56, and the death ratio coefficient of minimum annual rainfall is 0.48 ~ 0.66, usually around 0.6. In 420 years, between 1524 ~ 1943, due to the annual imbalance of rainfall. Drought 7 1 time, flood 67 times.

Variation of regional distribution of rainfall: Generally speaking, the variation coefficient of annual rainfall is 0.25. The general trend is decreasing from southwest to north-northeast, changing from southwest to northeast, and flattening the mountains in the middle. 947. 1mm is in the south and 37.5mm is in the north and northeast, with a difference of109.6 mm. ..

The local terrain is prone to heavy rain: according to historical records, the annual rainfall is 0. 1mm, with an average of 85.5 days, most years are11day (1964), and the youngest is 68 days (1day) 4% of the annual rainfall days are 9 days (1960), which is the most frequent year. According to the statistical data provided by the county meteorological bureau, during the 28 years from 1959 to 1987, the number of rainstorm was 8 1 time, and the average of the three times was 9 times in the year (65433). Especially, the frequency of rainstorm with daily rainfall of 50- 100 mm is 82%, which is 3% more than that of rainstorm with daily rainfall of 150 mm, only 2 times. Heavy rain or rainstorm with a daily rainfall of 200 mm or more. Near Xujiaya, the average number of days is the longest, followed by Gao Qiao, Shijing Town, Baiyun District, with an average of 0.9 days. There are few rainstorms with daily rainfall of more than 200mm in county towns, and the exploration day is only 200.4mm (65438+1July 2nd, 970), and the daily rainfall in Liang Qiu Town is 203.8mm (July 7th, 65430).

(2) Hydrological resources:

The main urban area of Feixian County was dredged to cool down, and it became four tributaries (over 3.5km L 19) 123, with a total length of 987.6km and a total drainage area of 2 123.8km2 Feixian County 1903.75km2, Huaihe River Basin. Entering the two rivers, the landscape of Mongolia is formed in the north, and the natural water system of mountains and rivers in Nepal in the south twists and turns and meets in the water. The main reason is rainfall recharge, and different water systems of Feixianguan Formation in northeast Sichuan form source rivers in rainfall.

The reasons for water collection point out that there are 22 rivers with a water collection area of more than 30 square kilometers (or nearby), with a total length of 446.85 kilometers. The total water collection area is in the east of Liuqinghe River and R in the west of Hemeng River. 1934.9 square kilometers county seat l 7148,000 square kilometers, accounting for 90%. L% of the county's total area (1903.75) 41; ? Basin area 10-30 square kilometers, with a total length of 298.8 kilometers. What is the total basin area? 657.2 square kilometers, accounting for 34.5% of the county's total area. The drainage area is less than 10 square kilometers, more than 3.5 kilometers. There are 60 rivers with a total length of more than 250 kilometers. More than 90 square kilometers, only at the altar? 1744.3 square kilometers, the largest ancestral temple.

According to the law that the mainstream tributaries Zusi Hetan, Suxi River and Liuqinghe flow into the water system, Xuezhuang Fangcheng, Huyang River, Zhulong River, Zhu Tian and Liuqinghe are cool. Gucheng, Xinzhuang, Baikou, Wenjiang, Shijing, Yanzhuangxin, Wangzhuang, Hongsha and Jin Kui River are four tributaries. The above branches * * *10/branch, its classification and the above methods are secondary tributaries, seventh tributaries, third tributaries, fourth tributaries 17, and fifth tributaries 16, which are 60 in turn.

It is said that the ancestral hall of the river beach is a main drainage and flood discharge channel, which connects the tributaries and Shouwang County in spring, and plays the role of groundwater recharge and nearby discharge. Feixian county has steep terrain and rapid flow source in a short time, which makes the flood surge, and the riverbed characteristics that are basically dry in the flood season change greatly in the river runoff.

Is it a river along the Yi River Basin in the county? 1827.4 square kilometers, accounting for 96% of the county's total area. What is the canal basin area? 76.4 square kilometers, accounting for about the total area of the county.

(3) Natural plants

Feixian county is a hilly area with vegetation and forest cover.

A gravel mountain covers an area of 652 square kilometers in the county seat. Due to the weathering of the mountain surface, plants grow unfavorably due to the loss of resources (water and soil). ? In the 695.4-square-kilometer Qingshi Mountain Scenic Area, the exposed Qingshi cap is mainly shale, which is beneficial to plant growth stagnation caused by water. The alluvial area under the mountain is 287.9? Square kilometers, barren and suitable for agriculture.

mineral resources

& ltBR/ Feixian County is located in the southeast edge of Luxi Uplift. Strata in China is relatively developed, covering a large area from Old Archean to New Archean, Paleozoic, Mesozoic and Cenozoic? The outcrop metamorphic Archean Taishan Group rock series is mainly distributed in the north, and the main lithology of Mengshan anticline is gneiss, amphibole, amphibole, Ordovician, Carboniferous marine limestone, sandstone and shale, which are widely distributed in the middle, west and southwest, and sporadically exposed in Mesozoic and Cretaceous volcanic clastic rocks in the central part of the north. Quaternary loose sedimentary clayey rocks in the northern Tertiary glutenite are widely distributed in low-lying areas such as plains, foothills and valleys. The fault structures are mainly developed in the northwest, northwest and northeast directions of Cangshan Mengyin, and the other low-magnification Mengyin, Cangshan and Yishu fault zones are closed.

There are 30 kinds of minerals with development value and utilization value found in Feixian County, including more than 20 kinds of metallic minerals, gold, silver, copper, lead, zinc, magnesium, iron and nonmetallic minerals, mainly cement, limestone, limestone fluxing agent dolomite chemistry, magnesium dolomite, decorative stone, coal, gypsum, barite, timely, crystal, agate, garden stone, jinxing stone and so on.

There is a small amount of shale and collapsible loess in Feixian County, 10 in Jin Duo Lead Quarry, and Pengjialan Gouzi along Wutong in Yindianya Township. It has been proved that the producing areas of gold and copper are more than 800 kilograms and copper is more than 20 tons.

The occurrence of lead and zinc is mainly distributed in the southwest of Liuxiang. In the past ten years, it has been found that beneficial minerals such as copper, zinc, silver and galena are mainly produced in the north-south fault zone.

Two silver spots, up to 50g/ton, were found at the west foot of Jingshan Mountain in Shijing Town, which are rich in silver, copper, gold and other beneficial minerals.

Non-metallic minerals are relatively abundant between towns and villages, and their reserve advantages are distributed in regular limestone in towns and villages such as Liu Zhuang, Mazhuang, Mudanshan, Xinzhuang and Xujiaya. Gypsum-based market towns, brick clay and decorative stones in Xinqiao Township are mainly distributed in other places. There are coal, sand and refractory clay in Zhuzhu, Village Township, Chengbei Township, Huayuanshi and iron ore exploration towns, as well as bluestone mountain areas in the south of Feixian County, which mainly produce various decorative stones. It is located along the Central Railway Station, Flint, Dolomite, Sand Casting, Yingshi, Crystal Grange, Matouya and Zhuyuan Township.

BR/>； First, limestone

The utilization of limestone in Feixian County can be divided into three types: cement limestone, chemical limestone and building stone. The main chemical component of limestone is calcium carbonate (CaCO3), which is widely used and is usually used as the main raw material for firing lime and portland cement. In fact, it is more important to use limestone with high purity in metal mines as metallurgical flux to reduce the furnace temperature and remove all kinds of impurities, so as to produce soda ash, calcium carbide and bleaching powder in chemical industry. It can also be used as an important industrial auxiliary material for sugar, leather, synthetic fiber, rubber, agriculture, improving acid soil, building limestone and so on.

Liu Zhuang, Mazhuang, Xinzhuang, Mudan Mountain, Doga, Philadelphia, the color of lime, pleasant bamboo limestone and good fumigation quality of finished products are easy to exploit the great wealth of local people. BR/>；

, dolomite

The main chemical composition of dolomite is carbonic acid (magnesium carbonate), which is widely used, such as desulfurization and slag removal, melting speed, cooling and impurity removal in metallurgical industry. Chemicals can be used as raw materials of dolomite or refined magnesium oxide, magnesium oxide and metallic magnesium ore, and are used in medicine, glass, sludge, fertilizer and magnesium.

& gt magnesium alloy is an important material in aerospace industry. In recent years, the international market price has increased year by year. Around this resource advantage, a number of magnesium smelters have been built.

3. Finish the stone

Decorative stone minerals are cut into required architectural works. As thick massive rocks for decorating walls, floors and other purposes, they can be used as decorative stones. Zhutian Town's mixed granodiorite, gabbro, gneiss, Haocun, Shuishui, and even Yuxiang diabase, Datian Township, Matouya Township, Fangcheng and Zhuyuan areas are all excellent mineral resources.

More than a dozen stone processing plants have been built. High-quality plates such as "General Red", "Malachite Green", "Yimeng Green" and "Feixian Black" sell well in Jiangsu, Shanghai, Qingdao and Beijing.

plaster

The Xixiang Lake depression in MCC Town is worth billions, and it is a gypsum mine with a total reserve of 430 million tons.

The main component of gypsum, calcium sulfate, often coexists with other salt minerals. The third group of shangye gypsum mine can be traced back to about 500 thousand years ago. The continental salt lake facies mineral ore body in a large lens inclined to the northeast is smaller, with a single layer thickness of 10 meter. The quality is particularly good and the engineering geological conditions are relatively simple, but a large number of sediments in the water are obstacles to mine construction.

Wuyuanshi

Due to the erosion of rain and acid water, the weathering environment on the surface and near the surface is dissolved, forming a thick layer or thick limestone layer. In the long years, they have formed lava shapes of various shapes. Decorative gardens, parks, squares, roads and other places with the nature of "carved gods" are natural, elegant and unique.

In northern cities, members, peony, Mazhuang and other towns have garden stones, but the garden in the north wing of Shi Cun is better.

The stones in Feixian Garden are ugly, leaky, transparent, light, strange and wonderful, and absolutely exquisite. Some people suggested that the dragon, tiger and leopard dance on a strange thing. Some looked like elephants, and some were very realistic, which surprised the audience.

On Saturday, arts and crafts materials minerals

Many of these minerals, such as precious stones, jade and inkstone, fall into this category. Jinxingshi, Yanzishi Fossil fossil is a good inkstone, wood grain stone, can be colored, agate and crystal are jade.

Jinxing stone is the most famous product or block produced in Qimiaogou, Zhuangqi, Liu Cheng, with yellow-green shale, marl and black nodules, dotted with large and small pyrite particles. Stone and jade are fine in texture, the dark night sky with polished surface is like stars in the sky, and the sequins of pyrite granular products are spread out. "Golden" inkstone, like other Four Treasures of the Study, is made of salt stone like black jade, which is noble, quiet and charming.

Yanzishi Fossil fossils are mainly produced at the foot of Julin Mountain in Mazhu Town. It is a subtle and thorough jade of light blue and thin limestone, and it is a high-quality lipid condensate, especially the relief like trilobite fossils and dancing butterflies. It is as smart and lovely as smoke, and has high appreciation value and collection value. As an economic resource, Yanzishi Fossil has huge fossil reserves and is widely distributed.

Tianjing stone, a colorful stone, can be called new jade, because it not only has beautiful natural texture and natural landscape, but also reveals the luster like green agate, and with a little carving, it presents the "regency" like oil painting. Landscape, birds and animals, portrait patterns, breathtaking patio stones, and ancient villages exported step by step by Wang Yan at the junction of Utah, Xinzhuang and Mudan Pavilion are even more rare. Thinking can form colorful and exquisite patterns and endless artistic changes, and it is a high-end ornamental stone.

In the production of wood grain stone, Dongshan bend in Liangshan Head of Xujiaya Township is a thick layer of silty limestone with purple stripes, just like a luxurious rosewood, which is a typical coastal sedimentary rock and wood grain stone. According to chemical analysis, it contains all kinds of rare minerals that people need, and can be used to carve mineral spring pot "tea". The pattern is rich in color and soft in texture, especially for conveying long-lived trace elements, which has a magical effect on human body and its value is doubled.

In Feixian County of Agate, it is found that only in the hometown of new overseas Chinese, the color on the hillside of Zhong Yi Mountain is relatively simple, and the single piece between cream color and dark gray is the general jade seasonal crystal (also known as), Zhuyuan, Fangcheng, Matouya Zhao Liang, Hao Lining and other towns.

Output, usually shiny, transparent, colorless, hard and brittle hardness, specific gravity 2.65. Crystal stone is a kind of good jade with many uses. In addition to raw material processing, its chemical composition is silicon dioxide (SiO2), various ornaments, necklaces, glasses, piezoelectric crystals, optical crystals, molten crystals and modern industrial mineral raw materials.

Zhu Yuan, the hometown of crystals in Feixian County, Fangchenggang City, directly sells the mined ore to Linyi, Qingdao, northern Jiangsu and other places after manual selection or pickling, with good economic benefits. Its value will increase exponentially, and the specific crystal varieties will be further processed.

(4) Terrain resources

topography

Feixian county has a complex terrain with mountains and peaks in the north. The mountains in the west and south surround the open plain county, which is more than 75 meters above sea level, and the highest point is-1026 meters above sea level in Mengshan in the north. In the scenic port of Linyi, Wang Zhen, the elevation of the plain at 75.3 meters is generally 75- 100 meters, and the lowest point of the ball is Linghaila L00-200. Feixian county is a hilly area, which can be divided into northern and southern parts. River dredging industry of altar and ancestral temple in northern low mountainous area? 772.3 square kilometers, accounting for 40.6% of the total area of the county; Loess hilly and gully region in South China? Its area is 1 13 1.72 square kilometers, accounting for 59.4% of the county's total area. The total hilly area of these two areas is 1400.

BR/>； Among them, 378 are above 300 meters above sea level, with high, medium and low terrain, followed by the north and southwest, showing the landform characteristics of northwest to southeast. The altitude of the hilly area is 899.55 square kilometers above 1000 meters, accounting for 47.25% of the total area of the country. The square with an altitude of 6 15. 1 m2 on the mountain ranges from 300m to120m, accounting for 32.31%; 75.3 square meters in front of the mountain at an altitude of120m tend to be square kilometers, accounting for 13.52%, which is lower than that in four weeks. Small and shallow depressions 13 1.8 square kilometers, accounting for 6.92% of the hilly area in the north, are mainly distributed in the narrow strip in front of Mengshan Mountain on the north banks of Nanjun Ancestral Hall, leaning towards the front of Qinyi Town.

The landform fault in the county is an important alluvial plain with structural landform. Since Mesozoic, alluvial fault mountains (also known as fault mountains) and individual fault basins have been formed due to the Yanshan movement, especially the tertiary Himalayan movement, such as the positive and negative effects of topography.

Surface morphology and causes, the county can be divided into three geomorphic units.

There are tiger metamorphic rocks and magmatic rocks in the north and southwest of Mengshan Mountain, including external forces and surface weathering erosion. Most of the valleys are V-shaped, with steep mountains, bare rocks and dense forests.

The arrangement of oil shale, limestone and white in the multi-dimensional CAMBRIAN Ordovician foundation in the southern mountainous area, the order of monoclinic structure, and the overthrust to the northeast. Development of fault crossing v-shaped watershed, architectural behavior along the mountain, peak, multi-cliff, karst landform characteristics

The central piedmont sloping plain, alluvial plain, alluvial, diluvial, sandy loam and loam have a flat terrain, and the riverbed is 2-5 meters below the ground. The terraces are distributed in strips on the banks of the Zusi River altar.

The landform of Feixian County is characterized by low mountains, hills and hilly areas. BR/>；

Topography: The terrain is high in the north and south, low in Feixian County, high in the central and western regions, low in the east, and inclined from northwest to southeast.

Mountains: Feixian mountainous area, * * * is roughly divided into two mountains, Mengshan in the north is the top of Nepal 1400, and the mountains above 2500m above sea level are 75.

structure

Feixian county. It is the development of fault structure. Under more complicated lithologic conditions, among all kinds of rocks, the structure of southern Shandong outcrop area is not divided into many convex-concave units due to continuous tectonic movement, and Mengshan fault is located in the north; Xinzhuang fault in Xizhutian and Jiazhuang fault in Higashioyama Bay; The fracture of Secretary Guanyang in Southwest China. The secondary structures of these four faults, namely, the faults of Linshu and Cangshan in Mengyin, controlled the formation of the county topography and the structure of small folds, creating conditions for new sedimentation. Therefore, sedimentary rocks, igneous rocks and metamorphic rocks are widely exposed, and the Mesozoic, Paleozoic Cambrian, Ordovician, Limestone, Jurassic, Cretaceous, Cenozoic Tertiary and Quaternary strata have a large area. Distribution. In the southwest of Mengshan Mountain, except for Quaternary loose deposits exposed in the piedmont slope plain, most bedrock is exposed, dipping to the north, south and northeast with an inclination of 5- 10. There are intrusive rocks in different periods, and the strata are arranged obliquely from northeast to southwest. Under the influence of Northeast China, karst fractures under internal and external pressure are well developed, which provides a good space for the storage and migration of groundwater. /a & gt；

The different structural characteristics of lithology and topographic conditions have formed remarkable consistency, which makes the surface topography of China present a strong and lasting folding compound action. What is the area of Mengshan Mountain outside North America and Tiger Mountain in southwest China? 38.92% of the total area, accounting for 740 square kilometers. The land in Qingshi mountain area is barren, and limestone is exposed in key water-deficient areas of big counties.

Nanxinzhuang and Zhutian Xinzhuang faults increase obviously on both sides of the fault and decrease obviously in the eastern region. Due to the natural boundary formed by the footwall of Qingshan Mountain on the right side of the upward moving gravel mountain, the latest trend of squeezing and shearing Qingshishan Mountain in Qingshishan Mountain is basically consistent with Zhuxin Fault, so the relative decline of Qingshishan Fault Zone and two independent faults in Southeast Basin, Qingshishan Mountain and Hilly Plain promote each other to produce more secondary faults, and Zhuxin Fault intersects. The formation and zigzag distribution of large fracture branches have good water conductivity, especially the thickness of limestone (bread limestone) in Xinzhuang Formation, and the underground water storage spaces are interconnected, forming a unified whole water storage of large reservoirs.

The Ordovician strata in the south bank of Tannei Ancestral Temple are affected by compressive and tensile stress, and the groundwater is rich. It is in the south of Luozhong Mountain, with National Highway 327 in the north and National Highway 327 in the south. The karst fractures criss-crossed by small faults are well developed and the groundwater network is dense. The Zusi River in Tannei forms complementary conditions, and the county is rich in water resources.

Mazhuang, in the north of Philadelphia, is widely exposed in the Cambrian strata, with great terrain change, complex geological structure and east-west extension of compression-shear faults. Limestone and thin limestone are widely distributed in the water-rich and water-poor areas of Qingshishan, and there are many small hydrogeological units and different types of water storage structures in each unit, which provides reliable theoretical and technical basis for more accurate exploitation of groundwater.