Reasons for the formation of salinization area in Ningxia

Reasons for the formation of saline-alkali regions in Ningxia;

natural cause

(1) (the most important natural factor) Drought, evaporation is greater than precipitation, living in the deep inland, far from the sea, it is difficult for ocean water vapor to reach. Surrounded by mountains, the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is blocked.

② It is windy.

③ Close to the source of the winter wind (Siberia), the terrain is small and there is no mountain block, which makes the strong wind drive straight in.

(4) The vegetation is scarce and the vegetation coverage rate is low.

⑤ The soil is loose and desert.

⑥ Cold current flows to cool and reduce humidity.

human factor

(Variable)-Corresponding solution

(1) excessive reclamation ———————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————.

(2) Overgrazing-the number of livestock should be adapted to the carrying capacity of grassland (such as advocating rotational grazing).

(3) Excessive firewood collection ————————————————————————————————————————————— Comprehensive measures are taken to solve energy problems (such as solar energy) in agricultural and pastoral areas in multiple ways.

④ Unreasonable utilization of water resources-rational utilization of water resources.

⑤ Improper protection of traffic lines and other projects-strengthen management and protection.

The root cause of human factors: rapid population growth and prominent contradiction between man and land.

The fundamental measures to solve this problem are to control the population, improve the quality of the population and implement the ecological migration policy.

Rational utilization of water resources: reducing the number of wells and improving irrigation technology (drip irrigation, etc.). ), popularize water-saving technology and rationally allocate water resources in the upper, middle and lower reaches of rivers.

Solution measures

edit

(General method)

① Protect the existing vegetation and strengthen the construction of forest and grass. While strengthening management, we should effectively solve the problems of population, livestock and stoves, and strictly protect the forest and grass vegetation in the sand area. Through afforestation, rational allocation of trees, shrubs and grasses, a multi-forest, multi-tree and multi-level three-dimensional protection system will be constructed to expand the proportion of forests and grasses. While doing a good job in manual management, we should give full play to the self-repair function of the ecosystem, increase the intensity of enclosure and protection, and promote the natural restoration of ecology. Because aerial seeding has the characteristics of high speed, less labor, low cost and good effect, it is of greater significance to restore vegetation in remote and barren areas with sparse population, inconvenient transportation and barren hills.

② Carry out a lasting ecological revolution in the desertification area to accelerate the reversal of the desertification process. The key is to rationally allocate water resources and ensure ecological water use. For example, the unreasonable allocation system of water resources is the direct cause of the shortening of rivers, the shrinking or even drying up of lakes, the decline of groundwater level and land desertification in northwest China.

③ Strictly implement the family planning policy, control the excessive population growth, and constantly improve the quality of the population. Improve the ideological level of the whole nation through publicity and education on environmental awareness. Care and care for the environment, consciously participate in the transformation and construction of the environment, and form the fashion of the whole society. At the same time, in areas where local desertification is very serious, grasslands and cultivated land are almost completely abandoned, and the harsh natural environment is no longer suitable for human survival, the state should carry out ecological migration in a planned way.

(4) Reverse the backward situation of relying on the weather to raise livestock and reduce the damage to grasslands. It is necessary to implement the grassland contract responsibility system, stipulate a reasonable livestock carrying capacity, vigorously promote enclosure and rotational grazing, vigorously develop artificial grassland or artificially improve grassland, and raise livestock. Accelerate the cultivation of excellent livestock and poultry breeds and optimize the structure of livestock and poultry breeds.

⑤ Accelerate the adjustment of industrial structure, rationally allocate the proportion of agriculture, forestry and animal husbandry according to market requirements, actively develop aquaculture and processing industries, divert rural surplus labor, and reduce the pressure of population on land. We can also make use of the unique advantages of light and heat, natural landscape, culture and folk customs, surplus labor and other resources in desertification areas to develop tourism, exploration and scientific research industries.

⑥ Optimize the energy structure in agricultural and pastoral areas, vigorously advocate and encourage people to use unconventional energy such as wind energy, light energy and biogas, and reduce the damage to forests, grasslands and other resources.

⑦ While doing a good job in international implementation, strengthen international exchanges and cooperation in combating desertification and strive for funds and foreign aid.

Desertification control is related to the survival and development of the Chinese nation and global ecological security. At present, to achieve the above goals, we need not only the extensive participation of the whole society, but also effective measures from the aspects of system, policy, mechanism, law, science and technology, supervision and so on. , handle the relationship between resources, population and environment, and promote the orderly development of desertification control.