Why is it riddled with doomsday palace?

After modern times, the national movement of the Qing Dynasty declined gradually, and Shengjing Palace was doomed. Not only was it not maintained and repaired by the imperial court, but it was repeatedly trampled and plundered by imperialists and became a dilapidated palace.

1900 In September, Russian invaders occupied Niuzhuang and Liaoyang in China in the name of suppressing the Boxer Rebellion, and approached Shenyang City. When General Zeng Qi of Shengjing heard the news, he rushed out the Qing empress Shengrong and Yubao, who were hidden in the imperial palace gate house, and then abandoned Shenyang City and fled. 10 year 10 month 1 day, the invading Russian army entered Shenyang city, and Shengjing Palace became the Russian military's stationed place. In March 1903, 1 1, the Russian army retreated and the upright officials took over the Fengtian Palace. Through the inventory, it was found that during the two and a half years when Russian soldiers occupied the palace, more than 10,000 collections were lost and damaged. Among them, Xiangfengge lost more than 3,000 artifacts, 8,000 large and small silver ingots, weighing 6,200 taels. All kinds of gold wares, including gold ingots and bars, weigh tens of thousands of taels. More than 6,300 pieces of porcelain are missing from the seventh floor in the east, and more than 540 books and ink engravings are missing from the seventh floor in the west. Not only that, the jade treasures and jade books of the Qing empress in Shengjing ancestral hall were also damaged and lost. Of the original 32 jade treasure books, * * * lost three jade treasures: Xiao, Xuan Zongcheng and Xiao Shencheng, leaving only 29 jade treasures; The jade books collected together are 3 pages of the jade books of Empress Xiao Chengren (Manchu and Chinese), 3 pages of the jade books of Empress Xiao Yiren (Chinese), 2 pages of the jade books of Empress Xiao Shencheng (Manchu) and 2 pages of the jade books of Empress Xiao Quancheng (Manchu and Chinese), and the first page of the jade book of Xiao Huanghou is damaged. Since then, the treasures and books of the Qing Empress in Shengjing Palace have lost their integrity and perfection forever.

1905, he wanted to annex the Japanese army in Northeast China with the policy of nibbling, and took advantage of the victory of the Russo-Japanese War to enter the "ouchi" of Fengtian Palace to seize the hidden treasure. In April, dispatched by the Japanese Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Tojiro, a Japanese "journalist embedded in the army", entered the Fengtian Palace, where he saw the Sikuquanshu and the Collection of Ancient and Modern Books. In Chongmo Pavilion and Xiqian Building, I visited some important historical materials, such as Manchu records and Manchu old files, which are little known to the outside world, and made six volumes of Chinese old files that have never been published before, and also photographed the Mongolian part of the origin of Mongolian.

1in April, 907, the Qing government formally established a province in the northeast, changed General Shengjing as the governor of the three northeastern provinces, and implemented the "reorganization of the three northeastern provinces". Xu Shichang, an important official, was appointed as the governor of the three northeastern provinces, and was also in charge of the general affairs of Fengtian, Jilin and Heilongjiang provinces. Every province has a governor, and Tang Shaoyi was the first governor of Fengtian. 1908, the Shengjing internal affairs office was changed to "Shengjing internal affairs office", the post of former chief minister was revoked, and the "Fengtian Banner Affairs Office" was established, which was later changed to the internal affairs office; Xu Shichang elected Jin Liang as the general manager of Fengtian Banner Office.

1In July, 908, Zhang Pairen, commander of the road patrol, presented several pieces of fine porcelain such as "Ji Hong Bottle" from the porcelain library of Dongqi Building. 120, Governor Tang of Fengtian visited the United States as a special envoy. Before traveling, he was ordered by Empress Dowager Cixi to take away the old porcelain of Fengtian Palace as a gift.

1909 February, Emperor Guangxu and Empress Dowager Cixi died one after another, and Puyi acceded to the throne and changed to Xuan Tong. This year, the cabinet appointed Liang as an imperial envoy, and Governor Yungui was transferred to the three northeastern provinces. At that time, an Englishman named Signer came to China to travel. He is addicted to porcelain. He said that he regarded soldiers as "sons" and porcelain as "wives". When he heard that there were more porcelain in the palace in Fengtian, he went on a pilgrimage to the Regent and wanted to visit Fengtian. As a result, he got permission by special decree. 10 On June 2nd, the Qing court telegraphed Xiliang, allowing people to choose two pieces of fine porcelain as gifts. Higina put them away and selected four pieces.

19 12 years, Japanese Tojiro re-entered the Mukden Palace. In Chongmo Pavilion, I took more than 10,000 photos of Five-Style Literatures and Manchu Old Files, and based on this film, I translated and published Oriental Library Book and Manchu Old Files.

During the Qing dynasty, the Forbidden City was banned. At the beginning of the 20th century, the Revolution of 1911 overthrew its feudal rule, but Puyi's "Xun Qing Small Court" still lived in the "imperial court" and exercised "imperial power". As a "royal manor", Fengtian Palace is managed by the "royal family" and is still under the control of the "Shengjing Interior Office". There are still general storage department, construction department and other institutions under the office.

19 15 In June, due to the drastic reduction of royal affairs in Fengtian, Shengjing Interior Office reorganized its subordinate offices. At the beginning, there were three departments in the office: clerical department, accounting department and security department. There are three section chiefs, ten clerks, a guard captain, eight secretaries and eighteen officers. The office is still presided over by officials such as Zuo Ban. After that, the "Shengjing Interior Office" was renamed as the "Imperial Property Preparation Office", which was managed by the General Affairs Office and the Legislative Council, and the staffing remained basically unchanged. In addition to managing the royal houses and real estate, the main responsibility of the Qing Dynasty was to manage and guard the Fengtian Palace.

19 13 In the winter, Zhu Qiqian, the chief interior minister of Beiyang government, wrote a letter, and with the approval of President Yuan Shikai, he decided to set up an "Antiquities Exhibition Hall" in the "Outer Courtyard" south of Gan Qing Gate of the Forbidden City in Beijing. Because Puyi lives in the "Palace", the national treasure in the palace is "private property" and it is impossible to show it to the people. Therefore, with the consent of the Beiyang government and the order of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, the collection of Qing Dynasty cultural relics collected by Fengtian Palace and Rehe Palace was transferred to the capital for the exhibition of Qing Dynasty works of art1914 65438+10 to March of the following year, and the ancient bronze wares Ding Yi, Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing paintings and calligraphy/kloc-were allocated to Fengtian Palace.

1924 In July, Japanese man-made people entered the Fengtian Palace, drew the plan and detailed structure of the palace, and took more than 100 photos. On this basis, they compiled books such as Study of Fengtian Palace and Architectural Atlas of Fengtian Palace.

At the same time, before the Fengtian government took over the Qing Palace, some buildings were occupied by the outside world. Even during the establishment of the museum, some buildings were once taken back, but were occupied by other institutions. According to statistics, the main buildings occupied by Shengjing Palace are:

East Road In the early 1920s, Japanese telegraph communication networks spread all over Liaodong Peninsula. In order to counter the Japanese invasion of China's telecom sovereignty, 1923, in February, the first Marconi transceiver was set up in the pavilion of Fengtian Palace, and then the Fengtian authorities set up the first long-range transceiver in Shenyang in Dazheng Hall, which broke the situation of foreign monopoly of China International Telecom and conducted the most modern communication with other countries in the ancient palace. 1924 In February, a new transceiver was installed in the main hall, which can directly receive telegrams from European and American countries, and was renamed as the World Receiving Office. In order to occupy it for a long time, Fengtian authorities laid wires in the temple, and cables were nailed to the ceiling of the temple. The gold-plated pillars on the dragon in the temple were also nailed with wire, and the chairs in the temple were moved to one side, and then they disappeared. The Ten Kings Pavilion was also occupied by radio stations, and the ground was a stadium.

1925 middle road, the residential area of the Southern Dynasties opposite the Daqingmen was occupied by the Northeast Radio Long-distance Telephone Supervision Office. The East Palace is occupied by the Law Research Institute, and the "Military Police Instructor's Office in Three Northeast Provinces" is hung on the right door pillar of Chongzheng Hall. Rihua Building is the dormitory of military police instructors in the three northeastern provinces, Longfei Pavilion is the official residence of the adjutant office of the Border Agency, and the 28 warehouses behind Qingning Palace are scrap factories. 1In September, 927, Fengtian Law Research Association was established in Dongsuo, presided over by Mo Dehui, legal adviser of the town general's office, and Zhao Xinbo, doctor of law, and published the Journal of the New Law. During this period, Yihe Hall and Jiezhi Palace were occupied as meeting places. When the preparatory offices of the museums in the three northeastern provinces were established, the Classic Museum and the Ink Museum were taken over by Fengtian Municipal Government. It belongs to the barracks occupied by the army, such as Fengtian Education Association and Diguang Hall.

Fengtian Education Association of West Road moved into West Road Station, occupying Jiayin Hall, stage, Wenshui Pavilion and other buildings on West Road, and built an audience in the theater to be converted into a venue. The sedan chair racecourse has become a small park in the market, belonging to the Tongze Association. Wensui Pavilion Area 1 is occupied by the Gendarmerie Team of the 64th Infantry Regiment of Northeast Army. After the garrison moved out, Jiayin Hall and the stage were occupied by Fengtian Education Association, and the East Courtyard of Wenshuige was borrowed by Fengtian Tongzhi Hall. At the beginning of the museum, the ancestral hall was not under its management, only the palace from Daqingmen to Qingning Palace.

From the early 20th century to the early Republic of China, Fengtian Palace was occupied and the national treasure was lost forever. In particular, a large number of treasures were transported to Beijing, which was the biggest disaster in the history of Fengtian Palace. These incidents also show that the royal "Capital Palace" cannot protect the dignity of the "forbidden area" and the "control" of capital no longer exists.