Research on design and equipment configuration of small hydropower station?

Since 2 1 century, with the rapid development of economy, the demand for electricity from all walks of life has gradually increased. In order to meet the power demand, many small and medium-sized hydropower stations have been built in China. In the construction of small hydropower stations, the design and configuration of related equipment also need in-depth study. Based on the author's own working experience, this paper briefly discusses the design and equipment configuration characteristics of small hydropower stations, and analyzes the problems involved.

1 Design features of small hydropower stations

The design of small hydropower station is a key link in engineering construction and has many characteristics. The following will introduce its specific characteristics.

The guiding role of 1. 1 in engineering construction

The design of small hydropower stations plays an important role in the process of engineering technology positioning. Design plays a decisive role in technical performance and economic indicators to a great extent, and the guiding ideology of technology will also be reflected in the design. The use and promotion of many new technologies, equipment and materials also depend on design. Therefore, the design of small hydropower stations plays a guiding role in the construction process. In the actual construction process, if we do not pay attention to the guiding role of small hydropower station design, it will seriously affect the quality of the whole project.

1.2 application of advanced design technology

One of the characteristics of small hydropower station design is that it can keep pace with the times and judge the feasibility and economic rationality of engineering technology through advanced technology and means. The important means of keeping pace with the times in the design of small hydropower stations is to attach importance to the popularization and use of computers in the design process. In recent years, the rise and wide application of CAD-aided design has greatly stimulated the change of thinking mode of engineering designers, broadened their horizons, made structural design more scientific and reasonable, and paid attention to adding some factors with the characteristics of the times. Of course, the most important function of CAD-aided design is to free engineering designers from tedious manual calculation and drawing work, and solve the problem that manual calculation can not be completed, thus shortening the design cycle, optimizing engineering design, saving costs and ensuring engineering quality.

Although the capacity of 1.3 is small, it involves a wide range.

As the saying goes, "Although the sparrow is small, it has all its organs". As far as a small hydropower station is concerned, the design projects involved are not much different from those of large and medium-sized hydropower stations, but only the standards and scale. For example, in the process of power plant design, the basic data that must be possessed are topography and geology, hydropower planning, mechanical and electrical equipment, floor load of factory buildings, etc. At the same time, it needs the assistance of electromechanical, geological, architectural and other majors to successfully complete the project. During the construction of large-scale hydropower stations, due to the heavy design workload, each major needs to design independently. However, as far as the design of small hydropower stations is concerned, under normal circumstances, there will not be too many professionals, and there may be a phenomenon of patchwork of related professionals. In this case, the engineering designer needs not only the skills and knowledge of this major, but also the ability to solve other professional problems.

The design of 1.4 should be adapted to local conditions.

In the design of small hydropower station, according to the topography, geomorphology and geological conditions, the technical and economic feasibility analysis is carried out, and then the design scheme is optimized and upgraded. Considering the differences in topography, landforms and geological conditions of each hydropower station, the design requirements of small hydropower stations should be adapted to local conditions.

2 Problems involved in the design of small hydropower stations

At present, the problems involved in the design of small hydropower stations in China mainly include the following aspects:

2. 1 Design layout and monotonous structure

The main purpose of engineering design of small hydropower station is to design a technically feasible, safe, stable, convenient, economical and reasonable product for the owner. In the design of most small hydropower stations, the appearance is monotonous and abrupt compared with the surrounding environment, and the designed things have no personality. There are even some designers to save trouble. In the early stage of design, they only operated through simple field investigation, regardless of the layout and structure of hydraulic structures. The installed capacity of other power station designs is the same, regardless of applicability. After the compulsory equipment installation is completed, some post-processing will be done, which will become a new design scheme.

2.2 Relevant management is unnecessary.

In the construction of small hydropower stations, some construction units may have two jobs. Some owners will give indicators to control investment at the beginning of design work; Others list a considerable number of design optimization schemes, and arrange designers to carry out design operations according to these schemes. Most projects always put forward many unreasonable requirements because they don't have the relevant professional knowledge of power station design, which hinders designers from exerting their real design level. In the process of engineering design, economic disputes caused by design changes and problems affecting the progress of small hydropower stations have increased. The reasons for design changes are trivial, mainly including design errors, basic data errors or changes, construction reasons, owner's requirements, etc.

3 Design Enlightenment of Small Hydropower Station

3. 1 Pay attention to post responsibility management

As far as the design of small hydropower projects is concerned, the design unit needs to divide the design work according to the specialties of hydrology and hydropower, mechanical and electrical equipment, hydraulic construction, economic evaluation and so on, and then review it through the technical director with rich practical experience. In fact, the design completion and putting into use of each design product is the crystallization of the wisdom and sweat of designers. The quality of designed products depends largely on the designer's sense of responsibility. Therefore, it is necessary to attach importance to the professional ethics education of personnel in the design process of small hydropower projects, so that they can establish the spirit of loving their posts and dedication. At the same time, it is necessary to establish a scientific, reasonable and effective reward and punishment mechanism. By such means, the quality and design level of personnel can be effectively improved, thus reducing design errors and improving design quality.

3.2 According to the rules and regulations.

At present, there are more than 50 codes and regulations for small hydropower in China, and designers need to design and operate according to the codes and regulations for hydropower projects. Therefore, when designing small hydropower stations, designers should correctly handle the related issues such as optimal allocation of hydraulic resources, rational layout of hydraulic structures, selection of electromechanical equipment, ecological environment, reservoir resettlement, etc., and design in strict accordance with relevant regulations and norms.

3.3 Pay attention to the education of technical personnel. We are in the era of knowledge economy with highly developed information technology. As engineers and technicians, we should consciously improve ourselves, keep pace with the times, and constantly explore and learn new technologies related to our major. We should also attach importance to the education and training of technicians, improve the overall quality of technicians, and create more social and economic benefits for enterprises.

4 Characteristics of equipment configuration of small hydropower stations

4. 1 adaptability

The complete sets of equipment and integration of small hydropower stations require a high degree of matching between all parts of the power station, which is also an important link to ensure the safe operation of the power station. Therefore, when selecting the equipment configuration of small hydropower stations, we should focus on its adaptability.

4.2 professionalism

When selecting power station equipment, it is necessary to focus on its professionalism. The selected small hydropower station needs to meet the requirements of its own operation and the requirements of the system for power station equipment. In addition, attention should be paid to the safety and stability of the equipment.

Five problems that should be paid attention to in equipment management of small hydropower stations

5. 1 contract plan

In the process of bidding, we should focus on the compatibility and interface of equipment, at the same time, we should ensure the strength of bidding and European style, and reduce the frequency of excessive bidding. Because the sub-standard is too fine, it will aggravate the task of collaborative management to a great extent, and it is difficult to guarantee the quality and maintenance.

5.2 Market research

Before the design of small hydropower stations, it is necessary to recognize the market demand and related design factors, including supplier information, product quality, distribution and operation of manufacturers and other factors. When designing a small hydropower station, if you find an excellent supplier in all aspects, it will bring many unexpected gains to the enterprise.

5.3 Bidding and delivery management

Bidding management needs to keep the documents confidential, and take measures to avoid and isolate the relevant personnel, so as to reduce the phenomenon of offering, giving, accepting or demanding that affects the bidding process. Equipment delivery management is a work worthy of attention. Need to make detailed planning and design, and work with suppliers to implement it strictly according to the plan.

To sum up, in view of the important position of small hydropower station design and equipment in power station construction, as well as many problems existing in small hydropower station design, we need to increase investment in capital, technology and personnel to ensure its efficient completion, thus improving the overall quality of the project.

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