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Water conservancy construction, merit in the present, benefit in the future. The corresponding resettlement is a complex systematic project, and some problems and restrictive factors in resettlement have become "bottlenecks" restricting economic and social development. In recent years, the petition of immigrants from the reservoir area has frequently appeared and remained high, showing a growing trend. In order to fully grasp the new trend of reservoir immigrants' petition activities and correctly analyze the root causes of frequent petitions of reservoir immigrants at present, according to the instructions of provincial and local letters and calls bureaus on how to do well reservoir immigrants and their later assistance work, our bureau formed a research group to investigate the resettlement assistance work of reservoir immigrants in the county, which provided a reliable practical basis for effectively solving the problem of immigrant letters and visits. I. Current Situation and Analysis of Resettlement 1984 Since then, our county has built 4 large reservoirs and 53 small and medium-sized Shantang reservoirs with a total storage capacity of 230 million cubic meters and a water surface area of about 15000 hectares. Reservoirs are mainly distributed on high slopes above 800 meters above sea level for farmland irrigation. Due to the wide water coverage of the reservoir, 462 households with 65,438+0,532 people emigrated during the construction of the reservoir. From the resettlement situation, 262 households were resettled locally by reservoir migrants, accounting for 56.7% of the total number of relocated households, 40.5% were resettled in different places 187 households, and 13 households went out (only 1 person was left at that time), accounting for 2.8% of the total number of relocated households. Among the original resettlement households of reservoir immigrants, 8 households became farmers; Among the relocated households, the proportion of urban population reached 26%; Most immigrant families live in poverty, and 305 people are the target of solving food and clothing in the county this year. Judging from the letters and visits from the masses, since 1992, there have been 63 letters and visits involving reservoir immigrants, accounting for 8% of the total number of letters and visits, of which 13, accounting for 2 1%, and 20, accounting for 32%, asked for proper resettlement of immigrants, accounting for 47%. According to the investigation, there are five problems in the relocation and resettlement of reservoir immigrants: First, poor living conditions. At that time, due to the emphasis on engineering construction and the neglect of resettlement, the immigrants in the reservoir area moved hastily and were not properly resettled. At present, there are still more than six villages in the reservoir area with simple roads, 1 the immigrant group has no closed-circuit television, and 13 the immigrant group has no mobile phone, which has not completely solved the problem of tap water supply for people and animals. The problems in Difficult to Go to Heaven are universal. Restricted by traffic, information and other factors for a long time, it is difficult to expand the employment posts and fields of immigrants in the reservoir area, and the employment base is weak. Second, the contradiction between man and land is prominent. After the impoundment of the reservoir area, all the immigrants in the reservoir area are left with steep slopes. The mountainous area above 30 degrees accounts for 60% of the land area, and the surface 12% is uncultivated limestone land and steep slope. The contradiction between man and land is more prominent, and a large number of laborers are idle. These immigrants urgently need to find new employment opportunities and new sources of economic income. Third, the industrial development lags behind. Without strong and stable industrial advantages, the radiation range is relatively narrow and the market share is relatively small. Fourth, subjective factors. In addition to external conditions, the employment of immigrants in the reservoir area is also restricted by their own quality. Mainly manifested in the old concept, limited and satisfied with the traditional production and life style, afraid and unwilling to face and invest in new employment. The technical quality is low and the suitable jobs and fields are very limited. Most immigrants live in poverty, and the reasons for frequent petitions are mainly reflected in the following aspects: First, due to the constraints of cultivated land resources, the resettlement sites are too scattered. Reservoir projects are generally located in mountainous areas. Due to the steep mountain slope and blind reclamation, soil erosion is serious, which overdraws the environmental capacity of immigrants. In order to share the "grain ration field", the resettlement sites have to be "scattered in a large area and concentrated in a small area", which is not conducive to the agglomeration effect and scale benefits, and limits the development of the immigrant industry and the improvement of the living standards of immigrants. Second, it is limited by insufficient investment in immigration funds. In the construction of reservoir project, a large amount of investment in land acquisition and resettlement has become an important factor affecting the project construction. To this end, the contribution of immigrants to national construction is often emphasized, and the "protracted war" of early compensation subsidies and late support is still implemented, rather than adopting compensation standards that pay more attention to the interests of immigrants. Due to insufficient capital investment in the early stage and inadequate support and management in the later stage, there is a big gap between the planned allocation of resettlement resources and the actual needs of immigrants, and it is difficult to restore and improve the production and living standards of immigrants, which has not been completely solved for a long time. Third, due to the restriction of immigrants mastering advanced industrial and agricultural technologies, the production level of immigrants is backward. The vast majority of reservoir immigrants are farmers who have not mastered modern agricultural technology, still adopt backward farming methods and are in urgent need of technical training. However, immigration planning often has no corresponding means, and it is difficult to implement the secondary and tertiary industry planning of immigrants, and the industrialization level of immigrants lags behind, which reduces the income of immigrants. Fourthly, due to the limitation of the depth and accuracy of the preliminary work, the contradiction between immigration planning and implementation still exists. Fifth, due to imperfect laws, regulations and technical specifications, it is more difficult to understand and grasp the immigration policy. Second, some thoughts on solving the problem of immigrant letters and visits. Solving the employment problem of immigrants in the reservoir area is not only the premise of increasing the income of immigrants, but also the key to maintaining the stability of the reservoir area. We can work hard from three aspects to gradually solve the employment problem of immigrants in the reservoir area. (1) Develop landscape resources and realize local resettlement by improving agricultural carrying capacity. The reservoir area is rich in forest, grassland and water resources, producing wood, tea and fruit, and developing the breeding of chickens, cattle, sheep, fish and pigs. As long as it is fully developed and utilized, it will create new jobs and generate new benefits. It is necessary to transform traditional agriculture with advanced production factors, promote and promote the popularization and application of standardized agricultural production technologies by immigrants in the reservoir area, develop precision agriculture and scale agriculture, and develop specialized households and key households. Adjust the agricultural structure according to local conditions, improve the quality and efficiency of agricultural products, mobilize the enthusiasm of immigrants to invest in existing land, fully tap existing resources, and improve agricultural carrying capacity. At the same time, we should vigorously develop mountainous areas and water surfaces, improve the utilization rate of barren hills, wasteland and water surfaces, and ensure the sustainable development of production resources. (2) Develop secondary and tertiary industries, absorb surplus labor by industrial upgrading, develop labor-intensive agricultural products processing enterprises and circulation service industries, accelerate the development of secondary and tertiary industries, and promote non-agricultural employment of immigrants in the reservoir area. First, support leading enterprises and create "employee" immigrants. Relying on the rich resource advantages in the reservoir area, we will cultivate and develop leading enterprises for processing agricultural products such as bamboo, tea and fruit, guide and manage immigrants according to the cooperative production mode of "company+base" and "order agriculture" and the linkage mechanism of risk sharing and benefit sharing, develop specialized production, cooperative production and large-scale production according to the production requirements and direction of enterprises, and promote immigrants to change their roles and become front-line employees of enterprises. The second is to invigorate commercial circulation and create "merchant" immigrants. The development of any industry is inseparable from active commercial circulation and active marketing team. The reservoir area should seize the national consumption policy of expanding domestic demand, gradually establish professional agricultural and sideline products wholesale centers, form commodity circulation outlets, agricultural materials supply outlets, technical service outlets and information consultation outlets, expand the circulation scale, and create conditions for more immigrants to join the commercial circulation and agricultural pre-,mid-and post-natal services. The third is to develop the tourism economy and create "waiter" immigrants. Tourism is a comprehensive industry with strong driving force, and it is a sunrise industry with "one industry prospers and all industries prosper". Jiangkou reservoir area is a provincial-level scenic spot with rich tourism resources. On the one hand, it is necessary to further improve external publicity, raise awareness and attract tourists; On the other hand, it is necessary to bridge the gap with tourism, speed up the development of supporting services, develop eco-agricultural sightseeing parks, and open up service areas to help immigrants change from agricultural production to tourism services. The fourth is to implement the urbanization strategy and create "resident" immigrants. Implementing the strategy of rural urbanization and actively and steadily developing the construction of small towns are important measures to accelerate rural urbanization, reduce immigrants and make them rich. Combined with the implementation of the "Planning and Master Plan for Dealing with the Legacy of Immigrants in Jiangkou Reservoir Area (2002-2007)", we will actively do a good job in resettlement of immigrants from different places in the reservoir area, eliminate various policy obstacles for immigrants to enter cities and towns for employment, entrepreneurship and development, and promote, encourage and help immigrants to transfer to cities and towns appropriately, and settle down and start businesses in cities and towns. (3) enliven the export of labor services and transfer labor through foreign employment. Under the background that the industry has not yet formed a scale and the local resettlement capacity is limited, actively developing labor export is an effective way to solve the employment of immigrants in the reservoir area and increase their income, especially cash income. To this end: first, organize skills training for immigrants, improve the quality of the labor force, and expand the employment field. Second, we should establish and improve labor intermediary organizations to guide the safe and orderly transfer of labor. Third, strengthen contacts and exchanges between floating population, provide them with legal aid and safeguard their legitimate rights and interests; At the same time, through the introduction and recommendation of migrant workers, more laborers will be helped to go out for employment.