What ethnic groups come to Zhaizhai? Is it reflected in the ethnic composition of China?

In the west of China, there is a mountain range between Gansu and Qinghai, which is the famous Qilian Mountain. It is towering into the sky, with magnificent people coming and going, ravines criss-crossing, and snowy peaks standing upright, and a majestic gesture sets off the unique boldness of vision in the west. At the foot of Zhelaizhai Mountain in Yongchang County, Gansu Province, there were some people who were tall, crimson, with a high nose, deep eyes and brown hair, and had obvious European characteristics. People call this place "Yellow Hair Tribe". According to statistics, there are more than 400 people coming to Zhai, and more than 200 people have these characteristics.

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1September 30, 989, a newspaper reprinted a telegram from AFP about the discovery of remnants of Roman troops stranded in Gansu by Australian teacher David Harris, and then the news media reported it one after another. On February 15 of the same year, People's Daily reported on the topic of "There is a Western Han Dynasty for Yongchang": China, Australia and Rome. This discovery not only solved the historical mystery that a Roman army of more than 6,000 people was defeated by the rest army in the Battle of Calais in 53 BC, but also broke through and fled, and its whereabouts were unknown, and it was of great significance in the history of Sino-foreign relations. It is reported that historians from China, Australia and the Soviet Union have made important breakthroughs in studying Ban Gu's Biography of Han Shu Chen Tang. According to the Biography of Chen Tang, in 36 BC, Gan Yanshou and his lieutenant Chen Tang, the capital of the Western Regions in the Han Dynasty, led more than 40,000 soldiers to crusade against the northern Xiongnu Khan. In Zhi Zhi City (now Zambur, Kazakhstan), I saw some strange troops, such as "more than 100 infantry, fighting to give lectures" and "a heavy wooden city outside Tucheng". This method of using circular shields to form a fish-scale defense and build a "heavy wooden city" was only adopted by the ancient Roman army. According to this historical data, scholars in the Three Kingdoms believe that these people are the remnants of Rome that disappeared in 17. After Chen Tang destroyed Zhi Zhi, "145 people were born and more than a thousand people died". Many prisoners of war came from Li Gan (the ancient Romans were called "Li Gan" in the Western Han Dynasty). In order to accommodate these Roman prisoners of war, the Western Han court set up Li Gancheng in Yongchang, Gansu Province.

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The villagers in Zhelaizhai speak Chinese, and their nationality is Han. * * * There are more than 400 people, among whom more than 200 people have the appearance characteristics of Europeans. Not long ago, researchers from the Institute of Paleoanthropology of China Academy of Sciences analyzed the DNA of more than 300 people in Zhelaizhai, and thought that the villagers here did have European ancestry. The research team of Dr. Xie Xiaodong from the School of Life Sciences of Lanzhou University collected blood tests on a large scale in Laizhai, which proved that many people living here were "descendants of Roman prisoners of war".

Dr. Xie Xiaodong from College of Life Sciences of Lanzhou University cited by the research group: Battle of Zhi Zhi City: The Han army won a total victory, beheaded 15 people, came to Zhaizhai 18 people, captured 145 people alive, and surrendered 1000 people. Gan Yanshou and monk Chen took the prisoners back to China. At the same time, the setting of "Li Gan County" suddenly appeared on the map of Hexi area in the Western Han Dynasty, and Li Gan Castle was also built. There seems to be some connection between these two things. A passage in the Book of the Later Han Dynasty says: "Li County was established in the early Han Dynasty, with the name of the country as the county." "Li" was exactly what China called Rome at that time. Since it is a "named county", this new county must be set up to settle the Romans.

De Xiao Gan, a famous American sinologist, wrote "Li Gan City in Ancient China" in 1947, and made it clear at the beginning that China called the Roman Empire "Li Gan" in ancient times and later renamed it "Daqin". The Biography of Daqin in the later Han Dynasty began with this sentence. The article goes on to point out that the only cities named after foreign countries in ancient China are Kuqa and Wensu in Xinjiang, which are the old names of immigrants. The emergence of "Li Gan" city will naturally be related to the existence of foreign nationals. Homer H. Dubs believes that Li Gancheng first appeared in the territory of the Western Han Dynasty in China in 20 BC, when the Roman Empire demanded the repatriation of prisoners of war to rest in peace. This is by no means a historical coincidence. It shows that the Roman Expeditionary Force, which broke through in the Battle of Calais, came to China by strange coincidence when they were looking for them in their old country, and those who were at the foot of Qilian Mountain also came to stay in the village. The fleeing army led by Publi Uzzi, under the condition that the rest army was under siege and there was no way to return home, turned to the rest plateau and waited for an opportunity to move eastward. After resting on the lax eastern defence, he tore a hole, migrated to Central Asia, defected to Zhi Zhi, and was brought back to China by Shang Chen. Therefore, Emperor Han Yuan placed them in Yongchang County and Liguan County. Until 592 ad.

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In 54 BC, the powerful Roman Empire sent 40,000 troops, led by crassus, to rest in peace (present-day Iran) like nobody's business, where they acquired a large area of land and plundered a lot of gold and silver treasures. A year later, when this arrogant army continued to move forward, it fell into a tight encirclement. Alone, between Scylla and Charybdis, besieged on all sides, under the strong siege of the others, he was quickly torn and annihilated. After this fiasco, the rest retreated to Armenia, but at this moment, the Persian army surrounded them unexpectedly. After several days of fierce fighting, most soldiers were killed. Only 6,000 people in the first army under the command of crassus's eldest son narrowly escaped the disaster, while crassus was killed by others after being captured. A few years later, the Roman Empire and Rest in Peace experienced numerous wars, large and small. Finally, they stopped fighting and turned to force, and the two countries signed a peace treaty. At this time, the two sides began to repatriate prisoners of war to each other. After the repatriation, the Romans were disappointed: the first legion that broke through in those years had disappeared.

According to the Chinese history book "Biography of Chen Han Tang", in 36 BC, Gan Yanshou, the protector of the Western Regions in the Han Dynasty, and Chen Tang, the lieutenant, led 40,000 soldiers out of the Western Regions to crusade against Zhiyu. In the course of the campaign, they saw a very strange mercenary under Khan's command: they "had more than 100 infantry, caught fish scales and attended classes with soldiers" and "there were heavy trees outside Tucheng. And this means of warfare is unique to the Romans. Therefore, some historians believe that the team that Chen Tang and others saw in those days must be the Roman army that Khan had surrendered. According to this, it can be inferred that the Roman army that appeared in this period must be the remnants of the first Roman legion that disappeared before! According to historical records, Gan Yanshou, Shang Chen and other soldiers brought these Roman prisoners back to China and settled them in China. Therefore, the Han Dynasty set up a special county, namely "Li Gan County", and built Li Gan City at the same time.