The ancient and modern history of Yunnan?

Place name source

In the second year of Yuanfeng in the Western Han Dynasty (before 109), Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty opened west to south, and set up 24 counties, of which Yunnan was one. There are three ways to name Yunnan county. One is that when the county was founded, colorful clouds appeared in Longxing Mountain in the north of a village in Yunnan, and the county seat was called "Yunnan" in the south of Cai Yun. Second, "Cloud Shan Zhinan" said that Yunshan is now Binchuan Jizu Mountain, and the clouds are often several feet high.

Third, the theory of "Emperor Wu pursues dreams". According to legend, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty dreamed of colorful clouds at night and sent envoys to pursue dreams. He is chasing colorful clouds in Xiangyun County today because he is located in Yunnan County. In the Tang Dynasty, luo feng, the envoy of Nanzhao Wang Ge, went to Chang 'an to pay his respects to the Tang King. The king asked: Where is the king? The remote guide said: Under the clouds in the south. Therefore, in the eyes of the imperial court, "Yunnan" is synonymous with the southwest frontier of the motherland. In the 16th year of Kaiyuan (728), the Tang King named Ge Luofeng as the "King of Yunnan".

In the 11th year of Yuan Dynasty (1274), China established Yunnan and other provinces, and "Yunnan" was officially defined as the name of Yunnan. Yunnan county used to have Yunnan county, Yunnan yellow and Yunnan government, and the word "Yunnan" has always been used. From the Ming Dynasty to the Qing Dynasty, Yunnan County was often called "Little Yunnan" because of the use of provincial names. In the seventh year of the Republic of China, Yunnan County was renamed Xiangyun County to avoid the same name.

Ancient and modern history

Yunnan province is one of the important birthplaces of mankind. Yuanmou ape, who lived 6.5438+0.7 million years ago, is the earliest human being discovered in China and Asia so far.

During Xia and Shang Dynasties, Yunnan belonged to Liangzhou, one of Kyushu in China. During the Yin and Zhou Dynasties, Yunnan was called "the land of a hundred schools of thought".

In the 3rd century A.D., Zhuang Ti, a general of Chu State, entered Dianchi Lake and established Dian State.

The establishment of Wuchi Road in Qin Dynasty marked the beginning of the official rule of Yunnan by the central dynasty.

In the second year of the Han Dynasty (before 109), during the period of Emperor Wu of the Western Han Dynasty, it opened in the southwest, and the king of Yunnan surrendered, setting up Yizhou County and leading 27 counties. In the Eastern Han Dynasty, Yongchang County was located in today's Baoshan, which also belonged to Yizhou Department. The rule of Yunnan was further deepened, and the territory of China in western Yunnan was basically laid. ?

During the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, Yunnan, Guizhou and southwestern Sichuan were called "South China". During the Three Kingdoms period, some slave owners and nobles in the south occupied the land, and Zhuge Liang led the army across Shandong (now Jinsha River) to pacify the south and adjust the county system.

In the Western Jin Dynasty, Yunnan was changed to Ningzhou, which was directly ruled by the central government and became one of China 19 Kyushu countries. At this time, iron was widely used in Yunnan, and immigrants settled in fields. New factors of feudal relations of production have emerged in central and northeastern Yunnan. During the Southern and Northern Dynasties, Yunnan entered the rule of cuan clan. ?

In the seventh year of Taishi in Jin Dynasty (27 1), Ningzhou was restored. In the third year of Taikang (282), he returned to Yizhou and served as a captain in Nanyi. In the second year of Taian (303), Ningzhou was restored. In the eighth year of Xianhe in the Eastern Jin Dynasty (333), Li Xiong sent Li Shou to capture Nanzhong. Li Shou was named "King Jianning" and Chen Xian was the secretariat of Jiaozhou. In the fourth year of Xiankang (338), Anzhou was divided.

In the fifth year of Xiankang (339), Chen Xian descended to the Jin Dynasty, and the Jin Dynasty made Chen Xian the secretariat of Ningzhou, and acknowledged his hereditary status. Since then, cuan clan, a Yi giant, has ruled Yunnan for 400 years. During the reign of Liang Datong in the Northern and Southern Dynasties, Nanning was restored, and Yunnan was not in the crowd at the end of the holy period.

In the Sui Dynasty, the separatist forces were eliminated, and Yunnan was placed under the direct rule of the central government again, followed by the early Tang Dynasty, which basically restored the county scale in the Han and Jin Dynasties. In the seventeenth year of Emperor Kai of Sui Dynasty (597), Nanzhong was reopened, and Nanning was still established, leading dozens of states, and then the Yizhou Governor's Office.

In the Tang Dynasty, in the fourth year of Wude (62 1), Yaozhou was thirty-two years old. In the sixth year of Zhenguan (633), a governor's office was set up in Rongzhou to supervise seventeen states in South China. In 707, the Tang Dynasty defeated the Tibetan expansionist forces that invaded Erhai Lake in the south. In the 26th year of Kaiyuan (738), the leader of Mengshezhao tribe and Ailao Yi people in Erhai area merged with other five imperial letters to establish Nanzhao Kingdom, which was named "Gui Yi" by the Tang Dynasty.

In the first year of Tianbao (742), the governor of Rongzhou held thirty-six states. In the ninth year of Tianbao (750), Nanzhao occupied the whole territory of Yunnan, became a Tubo vassal state and usurped the title of Great Mongolia. In the fourth year of Zhenyuan (788), Tubo conferred the title of King Ridong. Five years, back to the Tang Dynasty.

Ten years, please change the name of Nanzhao. For three years, Taihe rebelled against the Tang Dynasty. In the thirteenth year of Dazhong, arrogance was called empire and gift. In 879, Zheng Maisi killed Nanzhao Wang Jianchang. In the fourth year of Guanghua, Zheng bought the heir to seize the throne, became king on his own, and changed to a captain and a viceroy. Three years after the late Tang Dynasty, Yang Ganzhen established a sense of justice. In the second year of Tianfu at the end of Jin Dynasty, Duan Siping contacted 37 ministries to pacify the country and establish Dali regime.

In the Yuan Dynasty (1253), Kublai Khan led an army to cross the Jinsha River into Yunnan and destroy Dali. 1260, "General Manager of Dali Kingdom" was established. 1276, Kublai Khan selected Sayyid Shams Din 'Umar to come to Yunnan to establish Yunnan Province, and appointed Sai Dianchi as "the political affairs of Pingzhang Province in Yunnan Province".

In the 14th year of Hongwu in Ming Dynasty (138 1), Zhu Yuanzhang sent Fu Youde, Aquamarine and Mu Ying to the west to pacify Yunnan. In the fifteenth year of Hongwu (1382), the agency undertook propaganda and deployment, took people to court, and commanded all missions. In the mainland of Yunnan, officials have been set up.

In the 16th year of Shunzhi in Qing Dynasty (1659), Wu Sangui attacked Yunnan, and Li Yong and his entourage fled to Myanmar. In the first year of Kangxi (1662), Zhu Youlang and Li Yong were arrested by Wu Sangui from Myanmar and hanged in Jinchan Temple in Kunming, the last dynasty of the Ming Dynasty fell. During the reign of Kangxi in the Qing Dynasty, the rebellion in Wu Sangui was shattered. During the Qing dynasty, a large number of immigrants came to Yunnan to promote "returning home".

Extended data:

Yunnan's economic status:

Yunnan, or Yunnan for short, is a provincial administrative region of People's Republic of China (PRC). Kunming, the provincial capital, is located in the southwest border of China, with 2 1 8'-29 15' north latitude and 97 31'-1061'east longitude, bordering Guizhou in the east.

Yunnan province has a high terrain in the northwest and a low terrain in the southeast, which gradually decreases from north to south. It belongs to mountainous plateau topography, and the mountainous area accounts for 88.64% of the total area of the province? . The terrain is bounded by Yuanjiang Valley and the wide valley in the southern section of Yunling Mountain Range, which is divided into two major terrain areas: east and west. The eastern and central Yunnan Plateau is a part of Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau, which is characterized by gentle rolling hills.

The mountains and valleys in the west alternate with each other, and the terrain is steep, forming a strange and magnificent mountain glacier landform. Yunnan province spans the Yangtze River, Pearl River, Yuanjiang River, Lancang River, Nujiang River and Daying River. Yunnan's climate basically belongs to subtropical and tropical monsoon climate, while northwest Yunnan belongs to plateau and mountain climate.

By the end of 20 17, there were 8 provincial cities, 8 autonomous prefectures, 67 counties, 29 autonomous counties, 16 county-level cities and 17 municipal districts in Yunnan province.

By the end of 20 17, the resident population in Yunnan province was 48.005 million, with the regional gross domestic product (GDP)1653134 million yuan, the primary industry was 2.31073 million yuan, the secondary industry was 638.753 billion yuan, and the tertiary industry was per capita.

Baidu encyclopedia-Yunnan