The missionary history of Fuzhou.

Fuzhou is located in the east of Jiangxi Province in the east of China, and governs 1 and 10 counties. It borders Jianning County, Taining County, Guangze County and Shaowu City in Fujian Province in the east, Shicheng County and Ningdu County in Ganzhou City in Jiangxi Province in the south, Yongfeng County, Xingan County and fengcheng city County in Yichun City in the west and guixi city, yugan county and Jinxian County in Nanchang City in the north. It is about 222 kilometers long from north to south and 169 kilometers wide from east to west, with a total area of 188 16.92 square kilometers, accounting for1.27% of the total area of the province. With a population of 4 million, Gan dialect is commonly used. Since ancient times, it has been known as "leading rivers and lakes and controlling Fujian and Guangdong". China 1 1 century reformer Wang Anshi, Shakespeare Tang Xianzu in the East, immortal Confucian Lu Xiangshan, a generation of famous prose writers and poets Yan Shu and Yan, and a large number of cultural celebrities such as Shu Tong, You Guoen, Rao Yutai and Sheng Zhongguo emerged in modern times. Fuzhou is the only city in Jiangxi Province that enjoys three national development strategic policies: the national strategy of Poyang Lake Ecological Economic Zone, the national development strategy on the west side of the Taiwan Strait and the revitalization strategy of the former Central Soviet Area. Fuzhou is a famous "Sanyi City" which is suitable for business, living and traveling. This city has a beautiful environment and is rated as a national garden city. The per capita park greening area reached 16.6 square meters, and the urban greening rate reached 43.4%. Comprehensive environmental assessment ranks seventh in China and first in central China, with a forest coverage rate as high as 64.5%. The forest coverage rate in Zixi County, China is as high as 85.9%, which is known as "natural oxygen bar". Organization evolution Qin and Han editors

In the 26th year of Qin Shihuang (22 1), Fuzhou was divided into 36 counties, which belonged to Jiujiang County.

In the fourth year of Emperor Gaozu of the Western Han Dynasty (the first 204 years), the border area belonged to the territory of Huainan Wang. In the sixth year of Emperor Gaozu of the Western Han Dynasty (202 BC), part of Huainan Kingdom was located in Zhang Yu County, under the jurisdiction of 18 County, and the southern part of Zhang Yu was named Nancheng County, which was the beginning of the establishment of Fuzhou County. In the eighth year of Yongyuan in the Eastern Han Dynasty (96), Linru County was established. Cheng Nan and Linru counties belong to Zhang Yu county, Yangzhou city.

Wu, Jin and Southern Dynasties

In the second year of Wu Taiping in the Three Kingdoms (257), Linchuan County was divided into Wanaki County of Linru County in Zhang Yu County, which was the beginning of the establishment of Fuzhou County. Linchuan County was placed under Yangzhou, Linru was the upper county, followed by Cheng Nan. In the same year, Dongxing, Yongcheng and Nanfeng were located in the southeast of Nancheng County, while Xiping, Xinjian, Xicheng, Yihuang and Anpu were located in the southwest of Linru County. So far, Linchuan County has jurisdiction over Linru, Cheng Nan, Xiping, Xinjian, Xicheng, Yihuang, Anpu, Nanfeng, Yongcheng and Dongxing 10 counties. The county governs you.

In the first year of Yuankang in the Western Jin Dynasty (29 1), Linchuan County belonged to Jiangzhou, and its jurisdiction remained unchanged. In the first year of Qi Jianyuan (479), Linchuan County moved from Linru to Cheng Nan. In the ordinary three years (522), Bashan County was established in Linchuan County, and another Bashan County was established. Linchuan and Bashan counties belong to Jiangzhou. Linchuan County governs Linru, Cheng Nan, Xifeng, Yihuang, Anpu, Nanfeng, Yongcheng and Dingchuan, governs Cheng Nan, and moved to Linru in the same year. Bashan County governs seven counties, namely Xinjian, Xining, Bashan, Dafeng, Xin 'an, Xingping and Fengcheng, and the ancient city of Gong Xi. In the second year of Liang Taiping (557), Linchuan and Bashan County belonged to Gaozhou.

Sui and Tang Dynasties

In the ninth year of Emperor Kai of Sui Dynasty (589), Yang was appointed as the general manager to appease, and Linchuan and Bashan counties were abolished to establish Fuzhou (meaning appeasement), and the name of Fuzhou began here. Xifeng and Dingchuan counties were merged into Linru County and renamed Linchuan County; Incorporate Nanfeng County and Yongcheng County into Nancheng County; Give up Dafeng, Xin 'an, Bashan, Xinjian, Xingping, Fengcheng and Xining and set up Chongren County. Yihuang and Anpu counties were also merged into Chongren County. In the twelfth year, Shaowu County was established in Yanshan County and Guangze County. Fuzhou governs Linchuan, Cheng Nan, Chongren and Shaowu, and Linchuan. Great cause for three years (607). Change Fuzhou to Linchuan County.

In the fifth year of Tang Wude (622), Linchuan County was changed to Fuzhou, where it was transferred to Hongzhou. The other part of Cheng Nan County is located in Yongcheng and Dongxing counties; Part of Chongren County is located in Yihuang County; Part of Shaowu County is located in Jiangle County. Fuzhou governs Linchuan, Cheng Nan, Chongren, Shaowu, Yongcheng, Dongxing, Yihuang and Jiangle counties. In seven years, it was changed to Hongzhou Governor's Office, and Fuzhou belonged to it. Yongcheng and Dongxing counties were merged into Nancheng County, and Lexian County was merged into Shaowu County and placed under Jianzhou. In eight years, Yihuang County was merged into Chongren County, and Fuzhou only governed Linchuan, Cheng Nan and Chongren counties. In the first year of Zhenguan (627), Fuzhou belonged to Jiangnan Road. In the second year of Jing Yun (7 1 1), part of Nancheng County was transferred to Nanfeng County. Innate two years (7 18), Nanfeng County was merged into Nancheng County again. In the eighth year of Kaiyuan (720), Nanfeng County was relocated. Fuzhou governs Linchuan, Chongren, Cheng Nan and Nanfeng, and Linchuan. In 21 years, Fuzhou belonged to Jiangnan West Road. In the first year of Tianbao (742), Fuzhou was changed to Linchuan County. In the first year of Gan Yuan (758), Linchuan County restored Fuzhou. In the sixth year of Yuanhe (8 1 1), Fuzhou was promoted to Shangzhou. In the sixth year (865), Xian Tong was promoted to the South Army of Jiangnan West Road Town, and Fuzhou belonged to it. In the fifth year of Xiande in the later Zhou Dynasty (958), Jin Xichang was established in Mushang Town and Guizheng Township of Linchuan County.

Song and Yuan Dynasties

In the early years of Northern Song Dynasty, Fuzhou was under the jurisdiction of Southern Tang Dynasty. In the first year of Kaibao (968), Yihuangchang was established. In two years, he built an army in Cheng Nan and moved to Jiangnan West Road to govern Cheng Nan. In three years, Yihuangchang was changed to Yihuang County, belonging to Fuzhou. In eight years, when the Southern Tang Dynasty died, Fuzhou changed to Junzhou, and Fuzhou and Jianwu Army returned to Song, belonging to Jiangnan West Road. In the first year of Taiping Xingguo (976), Fuzhou and Jianwu Army were changed to Jiangnan Road. In four years, Wu Jun was reorganized into Jianchang Army. In the second year of Chunhua (99 1), Nanfeng County was changed to Jianchang Army. In five years, Jinxitian was changed to Jinxi County. Fuzhou Army governs Linchuan, Chongren, Yihuang and Jinxi, and Linchuan. Jianchang Army governs Cheng Nan and Nanfeng counties and Cheng Nan. In the first year of Shaoxing in the Southern Song Dynasty (1 13 1), the armies of Fuzhou and Jianchang turned to Jiangnan East Road. For four years, it belongs to Jiangnan West Road. In eight years, a new city and Guangchang County were established. Nineteen years, lean county. Fuzhou Army governs Linchuan, Chongren, Yihuang, Jinxi and Lean, and Linchuan. Jianchang Army governs Cheng Nan, Nanfeng, Xincheng, Guangchang and Cheng Nan.

From the Yuan Dynasty to the 13th year of Yuan Dynasty (1276), Fuzhou Army changed to Fuzhou Road, and the Chang Army changed to Jianchang Road the following year. Fuzhou and Jianchang Road belong to Jiangxi Province. In nineteen years, Nanfeng County was promoted to Nanfeng House, also known as Jiahe House, directly under Jiangxi Province. Fuzhou Road is under the jurisdiction of counties and administrative offices. Jianchang Road only governs Cheng Nan, Xincheng and Guangchang, and its jurisdiction remains unchanged.

Ming and Qing dynasties

In the first month of the first year of Hongwu in Ming Dynasty (1368), Fuzhou Road was changed to Fuzhou House, and Jianchang Road was changed to Zhaochangfu. In September, Zhao Changfu was changed to Jianchang House. In the third year of Hongwu in Ming Dynasty (1370), Nanfeng House was rebuilt as Nanfeng County. In the ninth year of Hongwu in Ming Dynasty (1376), it was abandoned in Zhongshu Province, and Fuzhou and Jianchang belonged to Hu Si East Road in Jiangxi Province. Fuzhou Prefecture governs Linchuan, Chongren, Yihuang, Jinxi and Le 'an, and Linchuan. Jianchang Prefecture governs Cheng Nan, Nanfeng, Xincheng, Guangchang and Cheng Nan. Zheng Deqi (15 12) was located in dongxiang county, belonging to Fuzhou Prefecture. Wanli six years (1578), located in luxi county, belongs to Jianchang mansion.

In the second year of Qing Shunzhi (1645), Fuzhou and Jianchang belonged to Hudong Road in Jiangxi Province. In the ninth year of Yongzheng (173 1), Fuzhou and Jianchang were placed under Fu Nan Road in Jiangxi, and the county and administrative office remained unchanged.

Republic of China (19 12- 1949)

In the first year of the Republic of China (19 12), the counties under the jurisdiction of Fuzhou and Jianchang were all directly under the jurisdiction of Jiangxi Province. In 3 years of the Republic of China (19 14), the county name with the same name was changed. Xincheng County was renamed lichuan county, and Luxi County was renamed Zixi County. In the summer of 20 years (193 1), Cheng Nan, Lichuan, Nanfeng, Yihuang and Le 'an belong to the seventh district, Guangchang and other four counties belong to the sixth district, Jinxi and Zixi belong to the eighth district, and Linchuan, Chongren and Dongxiang are still provinces. In February of the same year, the counties were still in Zhili. 2 1 (1932) In summer, Jiangxi Province was divided into 13 administrative regions, Linchuan, Jinxi, Zixi, Dongxiang, Guixi and yujiang county counties were the seventh administrative regions, and Cheng Nan, Lichuan, Nanfeng, Chongren, Lean and Yihuang were the eighth administrative regions. In 24 years (1935), Jiangxi province was reduced to 8 administrative regions. Linchuan, Cheng Nan, Lichuan, Nanfeng, Chongren, Le 'an, Yihuang, Jinxi, Zixi, Dongxiang, Guangze 1 1 county belongs to the seventh administrative region, which governs Cheng Nan. Guangchang belongs to the eighth administrative region.

From 1929 to 1934, the agrarian revolution in this area gradually deepened and the Soviet area expanded day by day. Since April 1929, Yihuang, Le 'an, Nanfeng, Cheng Nan, Guangchang, Lichuan, Zixi, Chongren, Dongxiang and newly established Jiangsu counties, such as Nanguang, Guinan, Dongfang, Chishui, Jinnan, Jiandong, Lin 'an and Guangchi, have successively set up county revolutionary committees. 1933 In May, the Fujian-Jiangxi Revolutionary Committee was established in Hufang, lichuan county, and then the Fujian-Jiangxi Soviet government was established, which governed the Soviet areas in Lichuan, Zixi, Nanfeng, Cheng Nan, Jinxi, Guinan, Jinnan, Dongfang, Jiandong and Lin 'an counties. Due to the "encirclement and suppression" of the Kuomintang army, the Soviet regime existed for a long or short time. 1934 10, the fifth counter-campaign failed, and the Red Army shifted its strategy. In addition to the Soviet armed forces in some areas of Zixi County still insisting on guerrilla struggle, the Soviet governments at all levels in Fuzhou have stopped their activities one after another.

People's Republic of China (PRC)

1949 In May, Dongxiang, Jinxi, Zixi, Linchuan, Chongren, Yihuang, Cheng Nan and Lichuan were successively liberated. Linchuan, Dongxiang, Jinxi and Zixi counties belong to Guixi Street, Northeast Jiangxi Administrative Region. Then Yangcheng and Dongwai towns in Linchuan County are located in Linchuan City and belong to Guixi District. On July 1949 and 1 day, Linchuan, Linchuan, Chongren, Yihuang, Cheng Nan and lichuan county formally established Fuzhou District, and the district administrative inspector office was located in Yangcheng Town, Linchuan City. 1August, 949, Nanfeng County was liberated, belonging to Fuzhou District. Jinxi and Zixi belong to Fuzhou District. 1September, 949, Guangchang and Le 'an counties were successively liberated, belonging to Fuzhou District, and Guangchang County belonged to Ningdu District. 1950 In April, Linchuan City was merged into Linchuan County and moved to Chengguan District. 1September, 950, Fuzhou was changed to Fuzhou District. 1951June, Chengguan District of Linchuan County was changed to Fuzhou City, belonging to Linchuan County. In July, Fuzhou District was renamed Fuzhou District. 1952 65438+February, Guangchang was designated as Fuzhou area. 1953 Fuzhou was changed to Fuzhou Town, which still belongs to Linchuan County. 1954, fuzhou town was promoted to county-level town, belonging to fuzhou district. In the same year, Guangchang County was placed under the jurisdiction of Gannan Administrative Region. During the "Cultural Revolution", the rebels seized all the power of Fuzhou Commissioner's Office. 1968 In February, the Revolutionary Committee of Fuzhou District was formally established, located in Fuzhou Town, Linchuan County. Jinxian county is included in Fuzhou area. 1June, 968, dongxiang county was included in Fuzhou Special Zone. 1969 10, Fuzhou Town was changed to Fuzhou City. 1973 2

Linchuan Pen (17) month, Fuzhou area was changed to Fuzhou area.

1979 In May, Fuzhou Revolutionary Committee was abolished and Fuzhou Regional Administrative Office was established. 1August, 983, Guangchang County was placed under the jurisdiction of Fuzhou. In September, Jinxian County was incorporated into Nanchang City. 1August, 987, Linchuan County and Fuzhou City were abolished and Linchuan City (county level) was established according to the reply of the State Council. For various reasons, this organizational system was not formally implemented until June 1995. On June 23, 2000, the State Council approved the abolition of Fuzhou and Linchuan counties and the establishment of Fuzhou and Linchuan counties, with the Municipal People's Government stationed in Linchuan. Fuzhou has jurisdiction over Cheng Nan, Lichuan, Nanfeng, Chongren, Lean, Yihuang, Jinxi, Zixi, Dongxiang and Guangchang in the former Fuzhou area and the newly established Linchuan area. 10 year 10 On October 20th, Fuzhou Municipal People's Government was officially listed and opened to the outside world, and its address is still in the former Fuzhou District Administration Office. At the beginning of 2007, the municipal administrative center located on the extension line of Gandong Avenue was completed. On February 1 2007, the unveiling ceremony of the Municipal Administration Center was held in Fuzhou, and the Municipal People's Government moved to this office. Tourism editing natural landscape

There is a provincial-level scenic spot in Cheng Nan Magu Mountain. Magu Mountain has been a famous mountain in the world since ancient times, famous for its caves and land. There are Nanfeng Junfeng Mountain, which is more than 200 meters higher than Mount Tai, with towering ancient trees, strange peaks and rocks, Longtan Waterfall and nine kilometers of primitive stone steps winding up the mountain; There is a super-large reservoir called "Hundred Island Cave"-Hong Men Reservoir, with blue waves and mountains and heavy waters; Nanfengtan Reservoir with beautiful lakes and mountains; There are spectacular scenery at the source of Fuhe River; There are three provincial nature reserves, including Matou Mountain in Zixi, where there are virgin forests and rare animals. Many foreign experts visited Yihuang South China Tiger Nature Reserve. There are Linchuan Hot Springs and Zixi Fashui Hot Springs, and Guangchang and Nanfeng have also launched sightseeing projects in Lianxiang and Orange Township.

Dajue Mountain Natural Scenic Area, the first drift in Asia, is an original ecological "pure land on earth" in the middle section of Wuyi Mountain, located about 7 kilometers east of Zixi County, with a total area of 204 square kilometers. The scenic spot is full of magic and mystery with its steep cliffs, exotic flowers and trees, caves and waterfalls. The main attractions are: canoe rafting in the canyon, a drifting river with a drop of 188 meters and a length of 3.6 kilometers, passing through rapids and rapids such as Yuyi Bay, Sanwan Bay, Liutan and Jiupu. [ 13]

human landscape

Fuzhou is known as the "hometown of talents". Since ancient times, celebrities have come forth in large numbers, forming a unique cultural landscape. There are Wang Anshi Memorial Hall, Tang Xianzu Cultural and Art Center, Tang Xianzu Memorial Hall, Tang Xianzu Tomb, Ceng Gong Reading Rock, Ceng Gong Memorial Hall, Tan Lun Tomb, Lu Xiangshan Tomb, Xerox Tomb, Wucheng Tomb, Shutong Painting and Calligraphy Museum, and several streets named after Fuzhou celebrities. Literati who visited Fuzhou as officials or tourists in past dynasties, such as Yan Zhenqing, Wang Xizhi, Bai Juyi, Lu You and Xie Lingyun, left a lot of poems, essays, paintings, sculptures, rubbings and many beautiful historical legends for this city. During the Second Revolutionary Civil War, all six counties in Fuzhou were red areas, and many revolutionaries of the older generation were active in Fuzhou. The revolutionary sites left so far include: the former site of the fourth anti-encirclement campaign and Huangpi campaign in East China, the former site of the brain battlefield in Gao Hu in the fifth anti-encirclement campaign, the former site of the Du Kang Conference and the headquarters of the Red Army, the former site of the Fujian-Jiangxi Soviet government, and the former sites of Mao Zedong, Zhou Enlai, Zhu De and Deng Xiaoping. Humanistic landscape is a tourism resource with Fuzhou characteristics.

Liukeng-the first village through the ages This is a "famous village of Chinese history and culture", located in the mountainous basin in the southwest of Le 'an County. This super-large village, known as the "living fossil" of China feudal society, was built in the Southern Tang Dynasty during the Five Dynasties. The whole village consists of checkerboard streets and alleys as dense as cobwebs. Tribes live in branches and alleys according to houses, which have village walls and gatehouses, just like ideal cities. After thousands of years of chaos control, the Dong Shi family is inseparable. Today, there are 309 ancient buildings and labyrinth buildings in Ming and Qing Dynasties, such as workshops, ancestral temples, temples, theaters, academies and houses. Brick carving, brick carving, stone carving, color painting and ink painting can be seen everywhere, especially the "sparrow (Jue) deer (Lu) bee (rear)" on the zhaobi of Huaidetang in Ming Dynasty. There are more than 400 inscriptions by celebrities in past dynasties, among which Zhu's inscription "Zhuangyuan Building", Zeng Guofan and Zuo are the most precious.

Dajueyan Temple, located in a natural cave in Lotus Peak, is a pilgrimage site that integrates Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism founded by Dajueyan Zen Master in the Eastern Jin Dynasty. The spacewalk corridor, all paved with special transparent glass and steel cables, is more than 80 meters above the ground. You can walk on it and experience the danger of facing high.

In the Song Dynasty, there were three streets and six lanes in the ancient town, including yamen, shops, teahouses, markets and inns, which showed the ancient folk customs and charm of Dajue Town. The head of Dajue Peak is 108 meters high, symbolizing "the son of the earth".

cultural relics and historic sites

Fuzhou is dotted with cultural relics and historical sites, and there are more than 200 provincial and county-level key cultural relics protection units in the city. Ancient buildings include Liukeng Village in Le 'an, boathouses in Lichuan and Cheng Nan, ancient buildings in front of Guangchang Post Office, ancient buildings in Tangyin, and Pu Shu Street in Yihuwan of Jinxi. Among them, Liukeng Village in Le 'an is known as "a village through the ages", and tourists are in an endless stream. Ancient bridges include Wenchang Bridge in Linchuan, Wannian Bridge Bridge and Taiping Bridge in Cheng Nan, Zhangong Bridge, Yongxing Bridge and East Bridge in Yihuang, and Huangzhou Bridge in Chongren. Wenchang Bridge was built in Jiatai period of Southern Song Dynasty (A.D. 1202- 1203), and Wannian Bridge was built in Chongzhen year of Ming Dynasty (A.D. 1634), which is China. There are Wankui Pagoda in the ancient pagoda Linchuan, Sanyuan Pagoda and Yingen Pagoda in Yihuang, Juxing Pagoda in Cheng Nan, Baoyan Pagoda and Xiangshan Pagoda in Nanfeng, Tangxi Pagoda in Chongren, Gaoyun Pagoda and Solid Pagoda in Zixi, and Yongzheng Pagoda in Dongxiang. In addition, there are Mopanshan Neolithic site, Shang culture site, Baihu ancient porcelain kiln site, Baishe ancient porcelain kiln site, Yuekou Wang Yi tomb site, Hong Men Wang Yi tomb site, former residence, Fuzhou Guild Hall, etc.